{"generated":"2026-09-07T15:43:16.472Z","commit":"8b6b7c05659b09d871d808d14daaa0601d33e041","projects":[{"id":"bg-a1-trakia","country":"bg","category":"highway","name":{"en":"A1 Trakia Motorway"},"description":{"en":"Bulgaria's main east–west motorway, 360 km from Sofia to the Black Sea port of Burgas by way of Plovdiv, Stara Zagora, Yambol and Karnobat. Construction began in 1973 and the last section opened on 15 July 2013, 40 years later."},"lots":[{"id":"sofia-novi-han","name":{"en":"Sofia – Novi Han"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"1973","opened":"1978"},"lengthKm":10,"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-a1-motorway-bulgaria"],"geometryRef":"sofia-novi-han"},{"id":"novi-han-plovdiv","name":{"en":"Novi Han – Plovdiv"},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"1984"},"lengthKm":56,"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-a1-motorway-bulgaria"],"geometryRef":"novi-han-plovdiv"},{"id":"plovdiv-orizovo","name":{"en":"Plovdiv – Orizovo"},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"1995-11-17"},"lengthKm":32,"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-a1-motorway-bulgaria"],"geometryRef":"plovdiv-orizovo"},{"id":"orizovo-stara-zagora","name":{"en":"Orizovo – Stara Zagora"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2006","opened":"2007-10-05"},"lengthKm":38.6,"cost":{"actual":{"amount":198.16,"currency":"BGN","year":2006}},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-bg"],"geometryRef":"orizovo-stara-zagora"},{"id":"stara-zagora-nova-zagora","name":{"en":"Stara Zagora – Nova Zagora"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2010-04-23","constructionStart":"2010-04-23","opened":"2012-07-01"},"lengthKm":31.8,"contractors":[{"name":"Trace Group Hold","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"value":{"amount":137.868,"currency":"BGN","year":2010}},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-bg"],"geometryRef":"stara-zagora-nova-zagora"},{"id":"nova-zagora-yambol","name":{"en":"Nova Zagora – Yambol"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2010-07-14","constructionStart":"2010-08-02","opened":"2012-07-12"},"lengthKm":35.7,"contractors":[{"name":"Actor","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"value":{"amount":133.97,"currency":"BGN","year":2010}},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-bg"],"geometryRef":"nova-zagora-yambol"},{"id":"yambol-karnobat","name":{"en":"Yambol – Karnobat"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2010-08-31","constructionStart":"2010-09-03","opened":"2013-07-15"},"lengthKm":49.1,"contractors":[{"name":"Trakia IV consortium","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"value":{"amount":209.646,"currency":"BGN","year":2010}},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-bg"],"geometryRef":"yambol-karnobat"},{"id":"karnobat-burgas","name":{"en":"Karnobat – Burgas"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2005","opened":"2006-11-02"},"lengthKm":35.3,"cost":{"actual":{"amount":150.266,"currency":"BGN","year":2005}},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-bg"],"geometryRef":"karnobat-burgas"}],"sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-a1-motorway-bulgaria","title":"Wikipedia: A1 motorway (Bulgaria)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A1_motorway_(Bulgaria)"},{"id":"wikipedia-bg","title":"Bulgarian Wikipedia: Автомагистрала Тракия","url":"https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Автомагистрала_Тракия"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright","retrievedOn":"2026-08-14"}]},{"id":"bg-a2-hemus","country":"bg","category":"highway","name":{"en":"A2 Hemus Motorway"},"description":{"en":"Motorway running 418 km from Sofia to the Black Sea port of Varna via Shumen, crossing the Balkan Mountains and carrying European routes E70, E83 and E772. Work began on 4 October 1974 and the first section opened in 1999. As of December 2025, 206 km are open in two disconnected stretches, Sofia to Ugarchin (approximately 103 km) and Buhovtsi to Varna (approximately 108 km); the roughly 208 km between Ugarchin and Buhovtsi are under construction or still in planning. The motorway is managed by the Bulgarian Roads Agency, successor to NCSIP."},"lots":[{"id":"sofia-yana","name":{"en":"Sofia – Yana"},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"2013-08"},"lengthKm":8.46,"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-hemus-motorway"],"geometryRef":"sofia-yana"},{"id":"yana-potop","name":{"en":"Yana – Potop"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"1984","opened":"1999-12-05"},"lengthKm":13.3,"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-hemus-motorway"],"geometryRef":"yana-potop"},{"id":"potop-botevgrad","name":{"en":"Potop – Botevgrad"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"1984","opened":"1999-12-05"},"lengthKm":25.3,"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-hemus-motorway"],"geometryRef":"potop-botevgrad"},{"id":"botevgrad-pravets","name":{"en":"Botevgrad – Pravets"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"1984","opened":"1999-12-05"},"lengthKm":5.7,"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-hemus-motorway"],"geometryRef":"botevgrad-pravets"},{"id":"pravets-yablanitsa","name":{"en":"Pravets – Yablanitsa"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"1984","opened":"1999-12-05"},"lengthKm":21.9,"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-hemus-motorway"],"geometryRef":"pravets-yablanitsa"},{"id":"yablanitsa-boaza","name":{"en":"Yablanitsa – Boaza"},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"2019-10"},"lengthKm":9.3,"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-hemus-motorway"],"geometryRef":"yablanitsa-boaza"},{"id":"boaza-dermantsi","name":{"en":"Boaza – Dermantsi"},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"2025-10"},"lengthKm":10,"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-hemus-motorway"],"geometryRef":"boaza-dermantsi"},{"id":"dermantsi-ugarchin","name":{"en":"Dermantsi – Ugarchin"},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"2025-12-13"},"lengthKm":5,"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-hemus-motorway"],"geometryRef":"dermantsi-ugarchin"},{"id":"belokopitovo-buhovtsi","name":{"en":"Belokopitovo – Buhovtsi"},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"2022-10"},"lengthKm":16.3,"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-hemus-motorway"],"geometryRef":"belokopitovo-buhovtsi"}],"sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-hemus-motorway","title":"Wikipedia: Hemus motorway","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemus_motorway"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright","retrievedOn":"2026-08-14"}]},{"id":"bg-a3-struma","country":"bg","category":"highway","name":{"en":"A3 Struma Motorway"},"description":{"en":"A 172.8 km motorway in southwestern Bulgaria running Sofia–Pernik–Blagoevgrad–Kresna–Kulata, from the capital to the Greek border on Pan-European Corridor IV (European route E-79). Its lots opened between 2013 and 2024; the Kresna Gorge bypass (Lot 3.2) was still under construction as of 2026."},"lots":[{"id":"dolna-dikanya-dupnitsa","name":{"en":"Dolna Dikanya – Dupnitsa"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2011-09","opened":"2013-07"},"lengthKm":14.2,"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-a3-motorway-bulgaria"],"geometryRef":"dolna-dikanya-dupnitsa"},{"id":"dupnitsa-blagoevgrad","name":{"en":"Dupnitsa – Blagoevgrad"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2013-02","opened":"2015-10"},"lengthKm":33.9,"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-a3-motorway-bulgaria"],"geometryRef":"dupnitsa-blagoevgrad"},{"id":"blagoevgrad-krupnik","name":{"en":"Blagoevgrad – Krupnik"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2017-08","opened":"2024-02-17"},"lengthKm":12.6,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":186,"currency":"BGN","year":2017},"actual":{"amount":400,"currency":"BGN","year":2024}},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-a3-motorway-bulgaria"],"geometryRef":"blagoevgrad-krupnik"},{"id":"krupnik-kresna-bypass","name":{"en":"Krupnik – Kresna (Kresna Gorge Bypass)"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"constructionStart":"2026-02","expectedOpening":"2029-12"},"lengthKm":15,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":570,"currency":"BGN","year":2026}},"profile":{"terrain":"mountain"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-a3-motorway-bulgaria"],"geometryRef":"krupnik-kresna-bypass"},{"id":"kresna-sandanski","name":{"en":"Kresna – Sandanski"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2015-09-25","opened":"2018-12-17"},"lengthKm":17.9,"cost":{"actual":{"amount":281,"currency":"BGN","year":2018}},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-a3-motorway-bulgaria"],"geometryRef":"kresna-sandanski"},{"id":"sandanski-kulata","name":{"en":"Sandanski – Kulata"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2012-04","opened":"2015-08"},"lengthKm":40.5,"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-a3-motorway-bulgaria"],"geometryRef":"sandanski-kulata"}],"corridors":["pan-european-iv"],"sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-a3-motorway-bulgaria","title":"Wikipedia: A3 motorway (Bulgaria)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A3_motorway_(Bulgaria)"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Pernik, Bulgaria","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pernik"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Dupnitsa, Bulgaria","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dupnitsa"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blagoevgrad"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Krupnik, Blagoevgrad Province","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krupnik,_Blagoevgrad_Province"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Kresna, Bulgaria","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kresna"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Sandanski, Bulgaria","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandanski"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Kulata, Bulgaria","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulata"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright","retrievedOn":"2026-08-14"}]},{"id":"bg-a4-maritsa","country":"bg","category":"highway","name":{"en":"A4 Maritsa Motorway"},"description":{"en":"A 117 km motorway in southern Bulgaria linking the Trakia motorway (A1) near Chirpan to the Turkish border at Kapitan Andreevo, on Pan-European Corridor IV and European route E80. It opened in phases between October 2010 and October 2015. The western sections, Chirpan–Haskovo and Haskovo–Harmanli, were co-funded by the EU; the eastern sections were financed nationally."},"lots":[{"id":"chirpan-haskovo","name":{"en":"Chirpan – Haskovo"},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"2015-10-29"},"lengthKm":43,"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-maritsa-motorway"],"geometryRef":"chirpan-haskovo"},{"id":"haskovo-harmanli","name":{"en":"Haskovo – Harmanli"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2011-07","opened":"2015-05-28"},"lengthKm":34,"contract":{"executionMonths":46,"totalMonths":46},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-maritsa-motorway"],"geometryRef":"haskovo-harmanli"},{"id":"harmanli-lyubimets","name":{"en":"Harmanli – Lyubimets"},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"2010-10"},"lengthKm":31,"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-maritsa-motorway"],"geometryRef":"harmanli-lyubimets"}],"corridors":["pan-european-iv"],"sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-maritsa-motorway","title":"Wikipedia: Maritsa motorway","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maritsa_motorway"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright","retrievedOn":"2026-08-14"}]},{"id":"bg-a5-cherno-more","country":"bg","category":"highway","name":{"en":"A5 Cherno More Motorway"},"description":{"en":"A coastal motorway of approximately 103 km between the Black Sea cities of Varna and Burgas, on Pan-European Corridor VIII, estimated to cost €307 million. As of 2016 only the first 10 km, Varna to Priseltsi, had been built; the remaining 93 km is still at the planning stage."},"lots":[{"id":"varna-priseltsi","name":{"en":"Varna – Priseltsi"},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"2016"},"lengthKm":10.7,"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-cherno-more-motorway"],"geometryRef":"varna-priseltsi"}],"corridors":["pan-european-viii"],"sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-cherno-more-motorway","title":"Wikipedia: Cherno More motorway","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherno_More_motorway"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Pan-European Corridor VIII","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pan-European_Corridor_VIII"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Trakia motorway","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trakia_motorway"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Hemus motorway","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemus_motorway"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright"}]},{"id":"bg-a6-europe","country":"bg","category":"highway","name":{"en":"A6 Europe Motorway"},"description":{"en":"Approximately 63 km from Sofia to the Serbian border at Kalotina, on European route E80 and Pan-European Corridor X. It was called the Kalotina motorway until it was renamed in 2018. Dragoman–Slivnitsa was built by GBS-Infrastructure and opened in November 2020; Kalotina–Dragoman went to Strabag in a tender awarded in September 2017. The associated Sofia Northern Bypass opened in April 2016."},"lots":[{"id":"kalotina-dragoman","name":{"en":"Kalotina – Dragoman"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2017-09-13"},"lengthKm":13.046,"contractors":[{"name":"Strabag","role":"builder"}],"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-europe-motorway"],"geometryRef":"kalotina-dragoman"},{"id":"dragoman-slivnitsa","name":{"en":"Dragoman – Slivnitsa"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2017-09-13","constructionStart":"2019-05","opened":"2020-11"},"lengthKm":17,"contractors":[{"name":"GBS-Infrastructure","role":"builder"}],"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-europe-motorway"],"geometryRef":"dragoman-slivnitsa"}],"corridors":["pan-european-x"],"sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-europe-motorway","title":"Wikipedia: Europe motorway","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europe_motorway"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright"}]},{"id":"bg-sofia-metro-m1","country":"bg","city":"bg-sofia","category":"railway","name":{"en":"Sofia Metro Line M1 (Slivnitsa – Business Park Sofia)","ro":"Magistrala M1 a metroului din Sofia (Slivnitsa – Business Park Sofia)"},"description":{"en":"The red line and the first to be built on the Sofia Metro, the only metro system in Bulgaria. Its first 6.5 km with five stations, from Slivnitsa through the Lyulin housing estates to Konstantin Velichkov, opened on 28 January 1998; Opalchenska followed in 1999 and Serdika, under St Nedelya Square, in 2000, taking the system to 8.1 km. Sections begun in 2005 and 2006 carried the line east under the city centre to Mladost 1 in 2009, and a 2.7 km extension reached Business Park Sofia in May 2015, bringing the line to 17.6 km and 16 stations. Between Slivnitsa and Mladost 1 it shares its tunnels with line M4, which branches away to Sofia Airport; a westward extension beyond Lyulin is in planning but has not been contracted.","ro":"Linia roșie și prima construită din metroul din Sofia, singurul metrou din Bulgaria. Primii 6,5 km cu cinci stații, de la Slivnitsa, prin cartierele Lyulin, până la Konstantin Velichkov, au fost deschiși pe 28 ianuarie 1998; Opalchenska a urmat în 1999, iar Serdika, sub Piața Sf. Nedelya, în 2000, aducând rețeaua la 8,1 km. Tronsoanele începute în 2005 și 2006 au dus linia spre est, pe sub centrul orașului, până la Mladost 1 în 2009, iar o prelungire de 2,7 km a ajuns la Business Park Sofia în mai 2015, aducând linia la 17,6 km și 16 stații. Între Slivnitsa și Mladost 1 împarte tunelurile cu magistrala M4, care se ramifică spre Aeroportul Sofia; o prelungire spre vest, dincolo de Lyulin, este în faza de planificare, dar nu a fost contractată."},"lots":[{"id":"slivnitsa-konstantin-velichkov","name":{"en":"Stage I: Slivnitsa – Konstantin Velichkov","ro":"Etapa I: Slivnitsa – Konstantin Velichkov"},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"1998-01-28"},"lengthKm":6.5,"note":{"en":"First section of the Sofia Metro: 6.5 km and five stations from Slivnitsa Blvd through the Lyulin housing estates to Konstantin Velichkov Blvd, inaugurated 28 January 1998"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-sofia-metro"],"geometryRef":"slivnitsa-konstantin-velichkov"},{"id":"konstantin-velichkov-serdika","name":{"en":"Konstantin Velichkov – Serdika (Opalchenska, Serdika)","ro":"Konstantin Velichkov – Serdika (Opalchenska, Serdika)"},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"2000-10-31"},"lengthKm":1.6,"note":{"en":"Opalchenska entered service on 17 September 1999 and Serdika, on St Nedelya Square, on 31 October 2000, extending the operating system to 8.1 km. The two station openings were not costed separately in the published sources"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-sofia-metro"],"geometryRef":"konstantin-velichkov-serdika"},{"id":"serdika-joliot-curie","name":{"en":"Serdika – Frédéric Joliot-Curie","ro":"Serdika – Frédéric Joliot-Curie"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2005","opened":"2009-09-07"},"lengthKm":4.8,"note":{"en":"4.8 km of tunnel and three stations from St Nedelya Square to the Interped World Trade Centre in Izgrev, started in 2005. Vasil Levski Stadium and Frédéric Joliot-Curie opened on 8 May 2009; the remaining Serdika – Vasil Levski Stadium link followed on 7 September 2009, when the section was in service over its full length"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-sofia-metro"],"geometryRef":"serdika-joliot-curie"},{"id":"joliot-curie-mladost-1","name":{"en":"Frédéric Joliot-Curie – Mladost 1","ro":"Frédéric Joliot-Curie – Mladost 1"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2006","opened":"2009-05-08"},"lengthKm":3.2,"note":{"en":"3.2 km of tunnel and three stations (G. M. Dimitrov, Musagenitsa, Mladost 1) linking Izgrev with the Mladost 1 housing estate, started in 2006 and opened on 8 May 2009, at first as an isolated segment"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-sofia-metro"],"geometryRef":"joliot-curie-mladost-1"},{"id":"mladost-1-business-park","name":{"en":"Mladost 1 – Business Park Sofia","ro":"Mladost 1 – Business Park Sofia"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2013-04-25","opened":"2015-05-08"},"lengthKm":2.7,"cost":{"actual":{"amount":43.85,"currency":"EUR","year":2013}},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"OP Transport 2007–2013, Priority Axis 3: ERDF grant of €93 million towards the €110 million third construction stage, which also covered the M4 airport extension","ro":"PO Transport 2007–2013, Axa prioritară 3: grant FEDR de 93 de milioane de euro pentru etapa a treia de construcție, de 110 milioane de euro, care a acoperit și prelungirea M4 spre aeroport"},"programme":"eu-erdf"},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contract":{"value":{"amount":43.85,"currency":"EUR","year":2013}},"note":{"en":"Lot 2 of the third construction stage: 2.7 km and three underground stations (Aleksandar Malinov, Akad. Aleksandar Teodorov-Balan, Business Park) from Mladost 1 to Business Park Sofia in Mladost 4. Works began 25 April 2013 and the section opened 8 May 2015; the construction contract was €43,852,320 excluding VAT"},"sourceRefs":["novinite-com"],"geometryRef":"mladost-1-business-park"}],"operator":"bg-sofia-metropoliten","stationCount":16,"sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-sofia-metro","title":"Wikipedia: Sofia Metro","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sofia_Metro"},{"title":"Metropoliten Sofia: Third stage of the metro extension (OP Transport)","url":"https://www.metropolitan.bg/en/op-transport-extension/istoriya-razvitie-metro/stage-3"},{"id":"novinite-com","title":"Novinite: Subway Extension to Business Park Sofia Opens","url":"https://www.novinite.com/articles/168384/Subway+Extension+to+Business+Park+Sofia+Opens"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright"}]},{"id":"bg-sofia-metro-m2","country":"bg","city":"bg-sofia","category":"railway","name":{"en":"Sofia Metro Line M2 (Obelya – Vitosha)","ro":"Magistrala M2 a metroului din Sofia (Obelya – Vitosha)"},"description":{"en":"The blue line, Sofia's second metro diameter, running 11.7 km with 13 stations from the Obelya estate in the north-west through Nadezhda, the Central Railway Station and the National Palace of Culture to Lozenets and Hladilnika in the south. It was built as the first two EU-funded stages of the metro: a 6.4 km central section with seven stations, partly bored by TBM, and a 4.16 km northern section with four stations, both opened together on 31 August 2012. A 1.3 km extension to Vitosha followed on 20 July 2016. Trains run through at Obelya onto line M4 towards Sofia Airport; the two lines will be separated once the infill station Pancho Vladigerov opens.","ro":"Linia albastră, al doilea diametru al metroului din Sofia, cu 11,7 km și 13 stații, de la cartierul Obelya, în nord-vest, prin Nadezhda, Gara Centrală și Palatul Național al Culturii, până la Lozenets și Hladilnika, în sud. A fost construită ca primele două etape ale metroului finanțate de UE: un tronson central de 6,4 km cu șapte stații, executat parțial cu scut de tunel, și un tronson nordic de 4,16 km cu patru stații, deschise împreună pe 31 august 2012. O prelungire de 1,3 km până la Vitosha a urmat pe 20 iulie 2016. Trenurile continuă la Obelya pe magistrala M4 spre Aeroportul Sofia; cele două linii vor fi separate după deschiderea stației intermediare Pancho Vladigerov."},"lots":[{"id":"obelya-nadezhda-overpass","name":{"en":"Stage II, Lot 1: Obelya – Nadezhda – Nadezhda Overpass","ro":"Etapa a II-a, Lotul 1: Obelya – Nadezhda – Pasajul Nadezhda"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2010-02","opened":"2012-08-31"},"lengthKm":4.16,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Cohesion Fund grant of €200 million for the second construction stage, shared with the M4 section from Mladost 1 to Tsarigradsko shose","ro":"Grant din Fondul de coeziune de 200 de milioane de euro pentru etapa a doua de construcție, comun cu tronsonul M4 de la Mladost 1 la Tsarigradsko shose"},"programme":"eu-cohesion-fund"},{"source":"loan","detail":{"en":"20% local co-financing by Sofia Municipality from a European Investment Bank loan","ro":"Cofinanțare locală de 20% de către Municipiul Sofia, dintr-un împrumut al Băncii Europene de Investiții"},"programme":"eib-loan","coFinancingRate":0.2}],"note":{"en":"Lot 1 of the second construction stage: 4.16 km (1.3 km on viaduct, 2.86 km underground) and four stations (Lomsko shose, Beli Dunav, Nadezhda and Han Kubrat) linking the Obelya depot with the Nadezhda overpass. Built 2009–2012 and accepted by the State Acceptance Commission in August 2012"},"sourceRefs":["metropolitan-bg"],"geometryRef":"obelya-nadezhda-overpass"},{"id":"nadezhda-overpass-james-bourchier","name":{"en":"Stage I: Nadezhda Overpass – Central Railway Station – NDK – James Bourchier","ro":"Etapa I: Pasajul Nadezhda – Gara Centrală – NDK – James Bourchier"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2008-12","opened":"2012-08-31"},"lengthKm":6.4,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"ERDF grant of €157 million under Priority Axis 3 of OP Transport 2007–2013","ro":"Grant FEDR de 157 de milioane de euro, Axa prioritară 3 a PO Transport 2007–2013"},"programme":"eu-erdf","amount":{"amount":157,"currency":"EUR"}},{"source":"national_budget","detail":{"en":"Sofia Municipality co-financed 25% of the stage value","ro":"Municipiul Sofia a cofinanțat 25% din valoarea etapei"},"coFinancingRate":0.25}],"note":{"en":"First construction stage: 6.4 km and seven stations from the Nadezhda overpass via the Central Railway Station and St Nedelya Square to Cherni vrah Blvd, including a 3.8 km double-track TBM drive of 8.43 m internal diameter serving four stations. Works ran from December 2008 to the opening on 31 August 2012, with final acceptance in October 2012"},"sourceRefs":["metropolitan-bg-2"],"geometryRef":"nadezhda-overpass-james-bourchier"},{"id":"james-bourchier-vitosha","name":{"en":"James Bourchier – Vitosha","ro":"James Bourchier – Vitosha"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2014-08","opened":"2016-07-20"},"lengthKm":1.3,"cost":{"actual":{"amount":21.9,"currency":"EUR","year":2014}},"contract":{"value":{"amount":21.9,"currency":"EUR","year":2014}},"note":{"en":"1.3 km southward extension with the single station Vitosha at Hladilnika, valued at €21.9 million and built between August 2014 and July 2016"},"sourceRefs":["metropolitan-bg-3"],"geometryRef":"james-bourchier-vitosha"}],"operator":"bg-sofia-metropoliten","stationCount":13,"sources":[{"title":"Wikipedia: Sofia Metro","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sofia_Metro"},{"id":"metropolitan-bg-2","title":"Metropoliten Sofia: First stage of the metro extension (OP Transport)","url":"https://www.metropolitan.bg/en/op-transport-extension/istoriya-razvitie-metro/stage-1"},{"id":"metropolitan-bg","title":"Metropoliten Sofia: Second stage of the metro extension (OP Transport)","url":"https://www.metropolitan.bg/en/op-transport-extension/istoriya-razvitie-metro/stage-2"},{"id":"metropolitan-bg-3","title":"Metropoliten Sofia: Third stage of the metro extension (OP Transport)","url":"https://www.metropolitan.bg/en/op-transport-extension/istoriya-razvitie-metro/stage-3"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright"}]},{"id":"bg-sofia-metro-m3","country":"bg","city":"bg-sofia","category":"railway","name":{"en":"Sofia Metro Line M3 (Gorna Banya – Levski)","ro":"Magistrala M3 a metroului din Sofia (Gorna Banya – Levski)"},"description":{"en":"The green line, Sofia's third metro diameter, linking Ovcha Kupel and Gorna Banya in the south-west with the city centre and the Hadzhi Dimitar and Levski estates in the north-east. Unlike the older lines it uses 1,500 V overhead catenary and driverless Siemens trains behind platform screen doors. The 7.8 km central stage with eight stations opened on 26 August 2020 and a 3.8 km western stage with four stations followed on 24 April 2021, at a combined cost of about €500 million with EU grants covering roughly four fifths. A 3 km, three-station extension under Gen. Vladimir Vazov Blvd to the Levski estate, built from March 2022 with Recovery and Resilience Facility money, is complete and due to carry passengers from 14 August 2026. A six-station branch through Slatina, numbered M6, splits east of Orlov Most and is still under construction.","ro":"Linia verde, al treilea diametru al metroului din Sofia, care leagă Ovcha Kupel și Gorna Banya, în sud-vest, de centrul orașului și de cartierele Hadzhi Dimitar și Levski, în nord-est. Spre deosebire de liniile mai vechi, folosește catenară de 1.500 V și trenuri Siemens fără mecanic, cu uși de peron. Etapa centrală de 7,8 km, cu opt stații, a fost deschisă pe 26 august 2020, iar o etapă vestică de 3,8 km, cu patru stații, a urmat pe 24 aprilie 2021, la un cost combinat de circa 500 de milioane de euro, din care granturile europene au acoperit aproximativ patru cincimi. O prelungire de 3 km, cu trei stații, pe sub bulevardul Gen. Vladimir Vazov, spre cartierul Levski, construită din martie 2022 cu bani din Mecanismul de redresare și reziliență, este finalizată și urmează să preia călători de la 14 august 2026. O ramură cu șase stații prin Slatina, numerotată M6, se desprinde la est de Orlov Most și este încă în construcție."},"lots":[{"id":"stage1-hadzhi-dimitar-krasno-selo","name":{"en":"Stage 1: Vladimir Vazov Blvd – city centre – Zhitnitsa St (Hadzhi Dimitar – Krasno Selo)","ro":"Etapa 1: bd. Vladimir Vazov – centru – str. Zhitnitsa (Hadzhi Dimitar – Krasno Selo)"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2016","opened":"2020-08-26"},"lengthKm":7.8,"cost":{"actual":{"amount":398.2,"currency":"EUR","year":2016}},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Grant of €321.8 million from OP Transport and Transport Infrastructure 2014–2020","ro":"Grant de 321,8 milioane de euro din PO Transport și Infrastructură de Transport 2014–2020"},"amount":{"amount":321.8,"currency":"EUR"}},{"source":"national_budget","detail":{"en":"Sofia Municipality co-financing of €76.4 million","ro":"Cofinanțare a Municipiului Sofia de 76,4 milioane de euro"},"amount":{"amount":76.4,"currency":"EUR"}}],"contractors":[{"name":"Metroprojekt Praha","role":"designer"}],"contract":{"value":{"amount":398.2,"currency":"EUR","year":2016}},"note":{"en":"First stage of line 3: 7.8 km and eight stations from Hadzhi Dimitar via Orlov Most and the National Palace of Culture to Krasno Selo, built 2016–2020 at €398.2 million excluding VAT, including the depot and 20 trains. Opened 26 August 2020"},"sourceRefs":["metropolitan-bg"],"geometryRef":"stage1-hadzhi-dimitar-krasno-selo"},{"id":"stage2-krasno-selo-gorna-banya","name":{"en":"Stage 2: Zhitnitsa St – Ovcha Kupel – Ring Road (Krasno Selo – Gorna Banya)","ro":"Etapa 2: str. Zhitnitsa – Ovcha Kupel – Centura (Krasno Selo – Gorna Banya)"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2017-05-30","opened":"2021-04-24"},"lengthKm":3.8,"cost":{"actual":{"amount":101.9,"currency":"EUR","year":2017}},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Grant of €68.5 million from OP Transport and Transport Infrastructure 2014–2020","ro":"Grant de 68,5 milioane de euro din PO Transport și Infrastructură de Transport 2014–2020"},"amount":{"amount":68.5,"currency":"EUR"}},{"source":"national_budget","detail":{"en":"Sofia Municipality co-financing of €33.4 million","ro":"Cofinanțare a Municipiului Sofia de 33,4 milioane de euro"},"amount":{"amount":33.4,"currency":"EUR"}}],"contract":{"value":{"amount":101.9,"currency":"EUR","year":2017}},"note":{"en":"Second stage of line 3: 3.8 km and four stations (Ovcha Kupel, Moesia, Ovcha Kupel II, Gorna Banya) with an interchange to the national railway, started 30 May 2017 at €101.9 million excluding VAT and opened 24 April 2021"},"sourceRefs":["metropolitan-bg"],"geometryRef":"stage2-krasno-selo-gorna-banya"},{"id":"stage3-hadzhi-dimitar-levski","name":{"en":"Stage 3: Hadzhi Dimitar – Levski (Gen. Vladimir Vazov Blvd)","ro":"Etapa 3: Hadzhi Dimitar – Levski (bd. Gen. Vladimir Vazov)"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"constructionStart":"2022-03","expectedOpening":"2026-08-14"},"lengthKm":3,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Bulgaria's Recovery and Resilience Plan, Transport Connectivity pillar","ro":"Planul național de redresare și reziliență al Bulgariei, pilonul Conectivitate în transport"},"programme":"bg-nrrp"}],"note":{"en":"Lot 1 of the line 3 extension: 3 km and three stations (Georgi Asparuhov Stadium, Vitinya and Gen. Vladimir Vazov) under Gen. Vladimir Vazov Blvd, with a 100-space park-and-ride. Works began at the end of March 2022; Metropoliten announced that the section would carry passengers from noon on Friday 14 August 2026. No construction cost has been published for this lot"},"sourceRefs":["dnes-dir-bg"],"geometryRef":"stage3-hadzhi-dimitar-levski"}],"operator":"bg-sofia-metropoliten","sources":[{"title":"Wikipedia: Sofia Metro","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sofia_Metro"},{"id":"metropolitan-bg","title":"Metropoliten Sofia: Line 3 of Sofia Metro","url":"https://www.metropolitan.bg/en/op-transport-extension/istoriya-razvitie-metro/line-3-sofia-metro"},{"title":"Metropoliten Sofia: Project for the extension of metro line 3","url":"https://www.metropolitan.bg/aktualno/proekt-za-razshirenie-na-liniya-3-na-metroto-v-sofiya"},{"title":"Railway Gazette International: Third line of Sofia metro opened","url":"https://www.railwaygazette.com/infrastructure/2020/08/28/third-line-of-sofia-metro-opened/"},{"id":"dnes-dir-bg","title":"Dir.bg: Opening date announced for the three new Sofia metro stations","url":"https://dnes.dir.bg/obshtestvo/obyaviha-koga-otvaryat-za-patnitsi-trite-novi-metrostantsii-v-sofiya"},{"title":"BTA: New Section of Sofia Metro Line 3 to Open on Friday","url":"https://www.bta.bg/en/news/bulgaria/1183177-new-section-of-sofia-metro-line-3-to-open-on-friday"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright"}]},{"id":"bg-sofia-metro-m4","country":"bg","city":"bg-sofia","category":"railway","name":{"en":"Sofia Metro Line M4 (Obelya – Sofia Airport)","ro":"Magistrala M4 a metroului din Sofia (Obelya – Aeroportul Sofia)"},"description":{"en":"The yellow line, 23.0 km with 20 stations, from the Obelya estate across the city to Terminal 2 of Vasil Levski Sofia Airport. For most of its length it has no tunnels of its own: between Slivnitsa and Mladost 1 it uses the line M1 tunnels built between 1998 and 2009. It is a branch in its own right only at the ends, in the 1.8 km Obelya spur opened in April 2003 and the eastern extensions to Tsarigradsko shose (2012) and the airport (2 April 2015). Trains through-run at Obelya onto line M2; until 26 August 2020 the airport service was signed as part of M2, and it was renumbered M4 in preparation for the infill station Pancho Vladigerov, which will physically separate the two lines and let them keep independent timetables. Since 19 July 2025 M4 has terminated at Slivnitsa while that station is built.","ro":"Linia galbenă, cu 23,0 km și 20 de stații, de la cartierul Obelya, prin oraș, până la Terminalul 2 al Aeroportului Vasil Levski din Sofia. Pe cea mai mare parte a traseului nu are tuneluri proprii: între Slivnitsa și Mladost 1 folosește tunelurile magistralei M1, construite între 1998 și 2009. Are traseu propriu doar la capete: pintenul de 1,8 km spre Obelya, deschis în aprilie 2003, și prelungirile estice până la Tsarigradsko shose (2012) și la aeroport (2 aprilie 2015). Trenurile continuă la Obelya pe magistrala M2; până pe 26 august 2020, serviciul spre aeroport era marcat ca parte din M2 și a fost renumerotat M4 în vederea construirii stației intermediare Pancho Vladigerov, care va separa fizic cele două linii și le va permite orare independente. De la 19 iulie 2025, M4 are capătul la Slivnitsa, cât timp se construiește acea stație."},"lots":[{"id":"obelya-slivnitsa","name":{"en":"Obelya spur: Obelya – Slivnitsa","ro":"Pintenul Obelya: Obelya – Slivnitsa"},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"2003-04-20"},"lengthKm":1.8,"note":{"en":"1.8 km branch from Slivnitsa to the Obelya housing estate and depot, built as an extension of line 1 and opened on 20 April 2003. The infill station Pancho Vladigerov is under construction on this section; M4 has terminated at Slivnitsa since 19 July 2025"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-sofia-metro"],"geometryRef":"obelya-slivnitsa"},{"id":"slivnitsa-mladost-1-shared","name":{"en":"Slivnitsa – Mladost 1 (shared with M1)","ro":"Slivnitsa – Mladost 1 (comună cu M1)"},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"2009-09-07"},"lengthKm":14.2,"sharedWith":"bg-sofia-metro-m1","note":{"en":"M4 trains use the line M1 tunnels between Slivnitsa and Mladost 1, opened in four steps between 28 January 1998 and 7 September 2009. No length is published for the shared section on its own; 14.2 km is measured from the OpenStreetMap centreline and is consistent with the published 23.0 km line total"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-sofia-metro"],"geometryRef":"slivnitsa-mladost-1-shared"},{"id":"mladost-1-tsarigradsko-shose","name":{"en":"Stage II, Lot 2: Mladost 1 – Tsarigradsko shose","ro":"Etapa a II-a, Lotul 2: Mladost 1 – Tsarigradsko shose"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2009-02-15","opened":"2012-04-25"},"lengthKm":2.5,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Cohesion Fund grant of €200 million for the second construction stage, shared with the M2 section from Obelya to the Nadezhda overpass","ro":"Grant din Fondul de coeziune de 200 de milioane de euro pentru etapa a doua de construcție, comun cu tronsonul M2 de la Obelya la pasajul Nadezhda"},"programme":"eu-cohesion-fund"},{"source":"loan","detail":{"en":"20% local co-financing by Sofia Municipality from a European Investment Bank loan","ro":"Cofinanțare locală de 20% de către Municipiul Sofia, dintr-un împrumut al Băncii Europene de Investiții"},"programme":"eib-loan","coFinancingRate":0.2}],"note":{"en":"Lot 2 of the second construction stage: 2.5 km and two underground stations, Mladost 3 and Inter Expo Center – Tsarigradsko shose. Works began 15 February 2009 and the section opened 25 April 2012"},"sourceRefs":["metropolitan-bg"],"geometryRef":"mladost-1-tsarigradsko-shose"},{"id":"tsarigradsko-shose-sofia-airport","name":{"en":"Stage III, Lot 1: Tsarigradsko shose – Sofia Airport","ro":"Etapa a III-a, Lotul 1: Tsarigradsko shose – Aeroportul Sofia"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2013","opened":"2015-04-02"},"lengthKm":5,"cost":{"actual":{"amount":69.92,"currency":"EUR","year":2013}},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"OP Transport 2007–2013, Priority Axis 3: ERDF grant of €93 million towards the €110 million third construction stage, which also covered the M1 extension to Business Park Sofia","ro":"PO Transport 2007–2013, Axa prioritară 3: grant FEDR de 93 de milioane de euro pentru etapa a treia de construcție, de 110 milioane de euro, care a acoperit și prelungirea M1 până la Business Park Sofia"},"programme":"eu-erdf"},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contract":{"value":{"amount":69.92,"currency":"EUR","year":2013}},"note":{"en":"Lot 1 of the third construction stage: 5 km and four stations (Druzhba, Iskarsko shose, Sofiyska Sveta Gora, Sofia Airport), two underground and two on the surface, reaching the Terminal 2 departures gate. Started 2013 and opened 2 April 2015; the construction contract was €69,923,066 excluding VAT"},"sourceRefs":["novinite-com"],"geometryRef":"tsarigradsko-shose-sofia-airport"}],"operator":"bg-sofia-metropoliten","stationCount":20,"sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-sofia-metro","title":"Wikipedia: Sofia Metro","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sofia_Metro"},{"id":"metropolitan-bg","title":"Metropoliten Sofia: Second stage of the metro extension (OP Transport)","url":"https://www.metropolitan.bg/en/op-transport-extension/istoriya-razvitie-metro/stage-2"},{"title":"Metropoliten Sofia: Third stage of the metro extension (OP Transport)","url":"https://www.metropolitan.bg/en/op-transport-extension/istoriya-razvitie-metro/stage-3"},{"id":"novinite-com","title":"Novinite: Subway Trains to Sofia Airport Start Running at 1 pm on April 2","url":"https://www.novinite.com/articles/167648/Subway+Trains+to+Sofia+Airport+Start+Running+at+1+pm+on+April+2"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright"}]},{"id":"ro-a0","country":"ro","category":"highway","name":{"en":"A0 Bucharest Ring Motorway","ro":"Autostrada A0 Centura București"},"description":{"en":"Outer motorway ring around Bucharest, about 101 km when complete, running beyond the existing Bucharest Ring Road and linking the A1, A2 and A3 motorways. The southern half-ring (51.3 km) was completed in stages between December 2023 and July 2025. On the northern half-ring, the DN1–A3–DN2 section opened in November 2023 and December 2024; the western (A1–DN1) and eastern (DN2–A2) lots are still under construction.","ro":"Inel exterior de autostradă în jurul Bucureștiului, circa 101 km la finalizare, dincolo de actuala Centură a Bucureștiului, care leagă autostrăzile A1, A2 și A3. Seminelul sudic (51,3 km) a fost finalizat etapizat între decembrie 2023 și iulie 2025. Pe seminelul nordic, secțiunea DN1–A3–DN2 a fost deschisă în noiembrie 2023 și decembrie 2024; loturile din vest (A1–DN1) și din est (DN2–A2) sunt încă în construcție."},"lots":[{"id":"south-ring","name":{"en":"South half-ring: A1 – A2","ro":"Seminel sudic: A1 – A2"},"status":"opened","dates":{"announced":"2012-12","tenderAwarded":"2019-03-09","constructionStart":"2019","opened":"2025-07"},"lengthKm":51.3,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":580,"currency":"EUR","year":2017}},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Found eligible for EU funding after 2016 traffic studies (no EU financing was sought under the 2014 General Transport Master Plan)","ro":"Declarată eligibilă pentru finanțare europeană după studiile de trafic din 2016 (Master Planul General de Transport din 2014 nu prevedea finanțare europeană)"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Alsim Alarko (south lots 1–2)","role":"builder"},{"name":"Aktor (south lot 3)","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"value":{"amount":580,"currency":"EUR","year":2017}},"note":{"en":"South ring tendered July 2017: 52 km, €580M, completion estimated after 2022; execution contracts signed with Alsim Alarko (lots 1–2, March 2019) and Aktor (lot 3, April 2019)"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a0-rom-nia"],"geometryRef":"south-ring"},{"id":"north-ring-east","name":{"en":"North half-ring: A2 – DN2","ro":"Seminel nordic: A2 – DN2"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"constructionStart":"2023","expectedOpening":"2026"},"lengthKm":14,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU funds","ro":"Fonduri europene"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"CCECC (north lot 3, Afumați–Pantelimon)","role":"builder"},{"name":"Spedition UMB (north lot 4, Pantelimon–Manolache)","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"Bucharest ring motorway, found eligible for EU financing after the 2016 traffic studies. OpenStreetMap tags construction:opening_date=2026 on the A0 Nord Lot 3 (Afumați–Pantelimon) and Lot 4 (Pantelimon–Manolache) construction ways"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a0-rom-nia"],"geometryRef":"north-ring-east"},{"id":"north-ring-dn1-dn2","name":{"en":"North half-ring: DN2 – DN1 (via A3)","ro":"Seminel nordic: DN2 – DN1 (prin A3)"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2021-11","opened":"2024-12"},"lengthKm":17.5,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU funds","ro":"Fonduri europene"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Spedition UMB (north lot 2, Corbeanca–Afumați)","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":22,"value":{"amount":831.92,"currency":"RON","year":2021}},"note":{"en":"North ring lot 2 (Corbeanca–Afumați, 19 km): Spedition UMB entered site November 2021, building permit issued July 2022"},"sources":[{"title":"economedia.ro","url":"https://economedia.ro/autostrada-de-centura-bucuresti-nord-umb-a-primit-autorizatia-de-construire-pentru-lotul-2-19-km-la-7-luni-de-la-intrarea-in-teren.html"}],"sourceRefs":["digi24-ro-north-ring-dn1-dn2","profit-ro-north-ring-dn1-dn2"],"geometryRef":"north-ring-dn1-dn2"},{"id":"north-ring-west","name":{"en":"North half-ring: DN1 – A1 (via Buftea)","ro":"Seminel nordic: DN1 – A1 (prin Buftea)"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"constructionStart":"2023","expectedOpening":"2026"},"lengthKm":18,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU funds","ro":"Fonduri europene"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Impresa Pizzarotti – Retter (north lot 1, Bâcu–Corbeanca)","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"Bucharest ring motorway, found eligible for EU financing after the 2016 traffic studies. OpenStreetMap tags construction:opening_date=2026 on the A0 Nord Lot 1 (Bâcu–Corbeanca) construction ways"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a0-rom-nia"],"geometryRef":"north-ring-west"}],"sources":[{"title":"Wikipedia: Bucharest Ring Motorway","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bucharest_Ring_Motorway"},{"id":"wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a0-rom-nia","title":"Wikipedia (ro): Autostrada A0 (România)","url":"https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autostrada_A0_(Rom%C3%A2nia)"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright"},{"id":"digi24-ro-north-ring-dn1-dn2","title":"digi24.ro","url":"https://www.digi24.ro/stiri/economie/transporturi/grindeanu-lotul-2-al-autostrazii-a0-nord-va-fi-dat-din-circulatie-inainte-de-1-decembrie-2583367"},{"id":"profit-ro-north-ring-dn1-dn2","title":"profit.ro","url":"https://www.profit.ro/povesti-cu-profit/auto-transporturi/contractul-pentru-a0-nord-lot-2-a-fost-semnat-20181349"}]},{"id":"ro-a1","country":"ro","category":"highway","name":{"en":"A1 Bucharest–Nădlac Motorway","ro":"Autostrada A1 București–Nădlac"},"description":{"en":"Romania's main east–west motorway, from Bucharest through Pitești, Sibiu, Deva, Timișoara and Arad to the Hungarian border at Nădlac (Pan-European Corridor IV). The Bucharest–Pitești section (1972) was Romania's first motorway; the last gap, through the Carpathians between Pitești and Sibiu, is under construction.","ro":"Principala autostradă est-vest a României, de la București prin Pitești, Sibiu, Deva, Timișoara și Arad până la granița cu Ungaria la Nădlac (Coridorul Pan-European IV). Tronsonul București–Pitești (1972) a fost prima autostradă a României; ultimul gol, prin Carpați între Pitești și Sibiu, este în construcție."},"lots":[{"id":"bucharest-pitesti","name":{"en":"Bucharest – Pitești","ro":"București – Pitești"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"1967-02-04","opened":"1972-09-11"},"lengthKm":95.9,"funding":[{"source":"national_budget"}],"note":{"en":"Romania's first motorway, built 1967–1972 and financed from the state budget; fully rehabilitated later (a 1997 FAT consortium contract for €27M over 22 months)"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a1-rom-nia"],"geometryRef":"bucharest-pitesti"},{"id":"pitesti-sibiu-lot5","name":{"en":"Pitești – Curtea de Argeș (lot 5)","ro":"Pitești – Curtea de Argeș (lotul 5)"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2020-05","constructionStart":"2020","opened":"2025-06-11"},"lengthKm":30.34,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":356,"currency":"EUR","year":2020}},"profile":{"terrain":"mountain"},"funding":[{"source":"EU"},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Astaldi","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":48,"value":{"amount":356,"currency":"EUR","year":2020}},"note":{"en":"First 16 km (Pitești–Curtea de Argeș) inaugurated December 2024, eight months ahead of the contractual term"},"sources":[{"title":"romania-insider.com","url":"https://www.romania-insider.com/romania-opens-highway-segment-sibiu-pitesti-december-2024"}],"sourceRefs":["hotnews-ro-pitesti-sibiu-lot5"],"geometryRef":"pitesti-sibiu-lot5"},{"id":"pitesti-sibiu-lots234","name":{"en":"Curtea de Argeș – Boița (lots 2–4)","ro":"Curtea de Argeș – Boița (loturile 2–4)"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2022","constructionStart":"2022","expectedOpening":"2031"},"lengthKm":78,"profile":{"terrain":"mountain"},"funding":[{"source":"EU"},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Porr (lot 4)","role":"builder"},{"name":"Mapa – Cengiz (JV, lot 2)","role":"builder"},{"name":"Webuild (lot 3)","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"Lots 2–4 (Curtea de Argeș–Boița), the Carpathian crossing, under separate execution contracts: lot 2 Mapa–Cengiz, lot 3 Webuild, lot 4 Porr. Staged completion per OpenStreetMap construction tagging: section D 2027, lot 3 (Tunel Poiana, Polanta) 2028, lot 2 Boița–Cornet (Tunel Lazaret 1/2, Robești, Câineni, Boița 1/2, Balota) 2031, so the full stretch is in service only from 2031"},"sources":[{"title":"OpenStreetMap","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/2790155"}],"geometryRef":"pitesti-sibiu-lots234"},{"id":"pitesti-sibiu-lot1","name":{"en":"Boița – Sibiu (lot 1)","ro":"Boița – Sibiu (lotul 1)"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2019-04","constructionStart":"2019","opened":"2022-12-15"},"lengthKm":13.1,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":128.7,"currency":"EUR","year":2019}},"profile":{"terrain":"mountain"},"funding":[{"source":"EU"},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Porr","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":36},"note":{"en":"Section of the A1 Bucharest–Nădlac motorway (Pan-European Corridor IV), EU co-financed with national budget 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Sibiu"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2011-05","constructionStart":"2011-10","opened":"2014-11-14"},"lengthKm":82,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":370,"currency":"EUR","year":2014}},"funding":[{"source":"EU"},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Salini Impregilo (lot 3)","role":"builder"},{"name":"Strabag (lot 1)","role":"builder"},{"name":"Straco Grup – Studio Corona (JV, lot 2)","role":"builder"},{"name":"Astaldi (lot 4)","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"Orăștie–Sibiu received close to €370M in EU funds for the whole section (four lots: Strabag, Straco Grup–Studio Corona, Salini Impregilo, Astaldi); lot 3 was closed for repairs 2015–2016"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a1-rom-nia"],"geometryRef":"orastie-sibiu"},{"id":"simeria-orastie","name":{"en":"Simeria – Orăștie","ro":"Simeria – Orăștie"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2010-11","constructionStart":"2011-04","opened":"2013-05-30"},"lengthKm":17.4,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"ISPA pre-accession funds","ro":"Fonduri ISPA de preaderare"},"programme":"eu-ispa"},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Strabag","role":"builder"},{"name":"Straco Grup","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"Section of the A1 Bucharest–Nădlac motorway (Pan-European Corridor IV), EU co-financed with national budget contribution"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-a1-motorway-romania"],"geometryRef":"simeria-orastie"},{"id":"deva-simeria","name":{"en":"Deva – Simeria","ro":"Deva – Simeria"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2010-11","constructionStart":"2011-04","opened":"2012-12-21"},"lengthKm":15.4,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"ISPA pre-accession funds","ro":"Fonduri ISPA de preaderare"},"programme":"eu-ispa"},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Strabag","role":"builder"},{"name":"Straco Grup","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"Section of the A1 Bucharest–Nădlac motorway (Pan-European Corridor IV), EU co-financed with national budget contribution"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-a1-motorway-romania"],"geometryRef":"deva-simeria"},{"id":"lugoj-deva-lots34","name":{"en":"Lugoj – Deva (lots 3–4)","ro":"Lugoj – Deva (loturile 3–4)"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2013","constructionStart":"2014","opened":"2019-12-23"},"lengthKm":43.13,"funding":[{"source":"EU"},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Spedition UMB – Tehnostrade (JV, lot 4)","role":"builder"},{"name":"Comsa (JV, lot 3)","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"Section of the A1 Bucharest–Nădlac motorway (Pan-European Corridor IV), EU co-financed with national budget 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national budget contribution"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-a1-motorway-romania"],"geometryRef":"timisoara-lugoj"},{"id":"arad-timisoara","name":{"en":"Arad – Timișoara","ro":"Arad – Timișoara"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2008-12","constructionStart":"2009","opened":"2011-12-17"},"lengthKm":44.5,"funding":[{"source":"EU"},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"FCC Construcción – Astaldi (JV)","role":"builder"},{"name":"FCC Construcción – Porr (JV, Arad bypass)","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"Section of the A1 Bucharest–Nădlac motorway (Pan-European Corridor IV), EU co-financed with national budget contribution"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-a1-motorway-romania"],"geometryRef":"arad-timisoara"},{"id":"nadlac-arad","name":{"en":"Nădlac – Arad (Hungarian border)","ro":"Nădlac – Arad (granița cu Ungaria)"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2011-10","opened":"2015-07-11"},"lengthKm":38.8,"funding":[{"source":"EU"},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Astaldi – Max Bögl (JV)","role":"builder"},{"name":"Romstrade (contract terminated 2012)","role":"builder"},{"name":"Alpine (contract terminated 2013)","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"Nădlac–Arad tendered together with Timișoara–Lugoj and Lugoj–Dumbrava; lot 1 and part of lot 2 opened December 2014, the remainder plus the junction with the Hungarian M43 in July 2015"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-a1-motorway-romania"],"geometryRef":"nadlac-arad"}],"corridors":["pan-european-iv"],"sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-a1-motorway-romania","title":"Wikipedia: A1 motorway (Romania)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A1_motorway_(Romania)"},{"title":"130km.ro: Autostrada A1 București–Nădlac (lot status tracking)","url":"https://www.130km.ro/a1.html"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry and construction dates, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright"},{"id":"hotnews-ro-pitesti-sibiu-lot5","title":"hotnews.ro","url":"https://hotnews.ro/contract-semnat-pentru-autostrada-sibiu-pitesti-356-milioane-de-euro-pentru-30-de-kilometri-de-la-pitesti-la-curtea-de-arges-259275"},{"id":"wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a1-rom-nia","title":"Wikipedia (ro): Autostrada A1 (România)","url":"https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autostrada_A1_(Rom%C3%A2nia)"}]},{"id":"ro-a10","country":"ro","category":"highway","name":{"en":"A10 motorway (Sebeș–Turda)","ro":"Autostrada A10 (Sebeș–Turda)"},"description":{"en":"70 km motorway linking the A1 at Sebeș with the A3 near Turda, also serving Alba Iulia and Aiud. Built in four lots with works starting in 2014–2015 and opened in stages between July 2018 and November 2021. Total cost 420 million euro, financed 85% from European Union funds and 15% from the state budget.","ro":"Autostradă de 70 km care leagă A1 de la Sebeș de A3 de lângă Turda, deservind totodată Alba Iulia și Aiud. Construită pe patru loturi, cu lucrări începute în 2014–2015 și deschisă etapizat între iulie 2018 și noiembrie 2021. Cost total de 420 milioane euro, finanțat 85% din fonduri europene și 15% de la bugetul de stat."},"lots":[{"id":"lot-1","name":{"en":"Lot 1: Sebeș (A1) – Alba Iulia North","ro":"Lot 1: Sebeș (A1) – Alba Iulia Nord"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2013-12","constructionStart":"2015","opened":"2020-12-03"},"lengthKm":17,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":541.7,"currency":"RON","year":2013}},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"85% of the motorway's cost","ro":"85% din costul autostrăzii"},"coFinancingRate":0.85},{"source":"national_budget","detail":{"en":"15% of the motorway's cost","ro":"15% din costul autostrăzii"},"coFinancingRate":0.15}],"contractors":[{"name":"Impresa Pizzarotti","role":"builder"},{"name":"Pomponio Construcții","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":18,"totalMonths":22,"value":{"amount":541.7,"currency":"RON","year":2013}},"note":{"en":"Part of the A10 Sebeș–Turda motorway: €420M total, 85% EU funds / 15% state budget"},"sourceRefs":["zcj-ro-lot-1","wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a10-rom-nia"],"geometryRef":"lot-1"},{"id":"lot-2","name":{"en":"Lot 2: Alba Iulia North – Aiud","ro":"Lot 2: Alba Iulia Nord – Aiud"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2013-12","constructionStart":"2015","opened":"2021-11-30"},"lengthKm":24.3,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":549.3,"currency":"RON","year":2013}},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"85% of the motorway's cost","ro":"85% din costul autostrăzii"},"coFinancingRate":0.85},{"source":"national_budget","detail":{"en":"15% of the motorway's cost","ro":"15% din costul autostrăzii"},"coFinancingRate":0.15}],"contractors":[{"name":"Aktor","role":"builder"},{"name":"Euroconstruct Trading '98","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"Part of the A10 Sebeș–Turda motorway: €420M total, 85% EU funds / 15% state budget"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a10-rom-nia"],"geometryRef":"lot-2"},{"id":"lot-3","name":{"en":"Lot 3: Aiud – Decea","ro":"Lot 3: Aiud – Decea"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2013-12","constructionStart":"2014-05-20","opened":"2018-07-30"},"lengthKm":12.5,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":420.5,"currency":"RON","year":2013}},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"85% of the motorway's cost","ro":"85% din costul autostrăzii"},"coFinancingRate":0.85},{"source":"national_budget","detail":{"en":"15% of the motorway's cost","ro":"15% din costul autostrăzii"},"coFinancingRate":0.15}],"contractors":[{"name":"Tirrena Scavi","role":"builder"},{"name":"Società Italiana per Condotte d'Acqua","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":18,"totalMonths":22,"value":{"amount":420.5,"currency":"RON","year":2013}},"note":{"en":"Part of the A10 Sebeș–Turda motorway: €420M total, 85% EU funds / 15% state budget"},"sourceRefs":["hotnews-ro-lot-3","wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a10-rom-nia"],"geometryRef":"lot-3"},{"id":"lot-4","name":{"en":"Lot 4: Decea – Turda (A3)","ro":"Lot 4: Decea – Turda (A3)"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2013-12","constructionStart":"2014-05-20","opened":"2018-07-30"},"lengthKm":16.3,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":470,"currency":"RON","year":2013}},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"85% of the motorway's cost","ro":"85% din costul autostrăzii"},"coFinancingRate":0.85},{"source":"national_budget","detail":{"en":"15% of the motorway's cost","ro":"15% din costul autostrăzii"},"coFinancingRate":0.15}],"contractors":[{"name":"Porr Construct","role":"builder"},{"name":"Porr Bau","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":18,"totalMonths":22,"value":{"amount":470,"currency":"RON","year":2013}},"note":{"en":"Part of the A10 Sebeș–Turda motorway: €420M total, 85% EU funds / 15% state budget"},"sourceRefs":["hotnews-ro-lot-3","wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a10-rom-nia"],"geometryRef":"lot-4"}],"sources":[{"title":"Wikipedia: A10 motorway (Romania)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A10_motorway_(Romania)"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright","retrievedOn":"2026-08-14"},{"id":"zcj-ro-lot-1","title":"zcj.ro","url":"https://zcj.ro/economie/autostrada-sebes-turda-cnair-vine-cu-explicatii-detaliate-in-disputa-de-peste-340-de-milioane-de-lei-cu-pizzarotti--296123.html"},{"id":"hotnews-ro-lot-3","title":"hotnews.ro","url":"https://hotnews.ro/autostrada-a10-sebes-turda-4-loturi-533547"},{"id":"wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a10-rom-nia","title":"Wikipedia (ro): Autostrada A10 (România)","url":"https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autostrada_A10_(Rom%C3%A2nia)"}]},{"id":"ro-a11","country":"ro","category":"highway","name":{"en":"A11 Arad–Oradea Motorway","ro":"Autostrada A11 Arad–Oradea"},"description":{"en":"Partially built route in north-western Romania between Arad and Oradea, part of the proposed Via Carpathia corridor. Only the 3.5 km Arad Bypass (Centura Arad) is open, between the A1 Arad West interchange and DN7 (Arad North); it opened as part of the A1 in December 2011 on one carriageway and June 2012 on both, and was renumbered A11 in July 2015. The Arad–Oradea link is being built to expressway standard as DEx16 rather than as a motorway: 2×2 lanes over about 120 km in three lots, Oradea–Salonta 33.7 km, Salonta–Chișineu-Criș 39.7 km and Chișineu-Criș–Arad 47.07 km, with a further 18 km of connector roads. The three execution contracts were signed in May 2025, September 2025 and January 2026, each allowing 24 months for the works, which had not started by mid-2026. The link from the Oradea bypass to the A3 at Biharia opened in March 2024.","ro":"Traseu parțial construit în nord-vestul României, între Arad și Oradea, parte a coridorului propus Via Carpathia. Este deschisă doar Centura Arad, de 3,5 km, între nodul A1 Arad Vest și DN7 (Arad Nord); a fost dată în trafic ca parte a A1 în decembrie 2011 pe un singur fir și în iunie 2012 pe ambele fire, iar în iulie 2015 a fost renumerotată A11. Legătura Arad–Oradea se construiește la standard de drum expres, ca DEx16, nu de autostradă: 2×2 benzi pe circa 120 km, în trei loturi, Oradea–Salonta 33,7 km, Salonta–Chișineu-Criș 39,7 km și Chișineu-Criș–Arad 47,07 km, plus încă 18 km de drumuri de legătură. Cele trei contracte de execuție au fost semnate în mai 2025, septembrie 2025 și ianuarie 2026, fiecare cu 24 de luni pentru lucrări, care nu începuseră la mijlocul anului 2026. Legătura dintre centura Oradea și A3, la Biharia, a fost deschisă în martie 2024."},"lots":[{"id":"arad-bypass","name":{"en":"Arad Bypass: A1 Arad West – DN7 Arad North","ro":"Centura Arad: A1 Arad Vest – DN7 Arad Nord"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2010","opened":"2012-06"},"lengthKm":3.5,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Built as part of the EU-financed A1 Arad Bypass contract, renumbered A11 in July 2015","ro":"Construită în cadrul contractului A1 Centura Arad, finanțat de Uniunea Europeană, renumerotată A11 în iulie 2015"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"note":{"en":"Built as part of the A1 Arad Bypass contract; opened December 2011 on one carriageway and June 2012 on both, renumbered A11 in July 2015"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-a11-motorway-romania"],"geometryRef":"arad-bypass"},{"id":"chisineu-cris-arad","name":{"en":"DEx16 lot 3: Chișineu-Criș – Arad","ro":"DEx16 lotul 3: Chișineu-Criș – Arad"},"status":"tendered","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2026-01-29"},"lengthKm":47.07,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":2850,"currency":"RON","year":2026}},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Programul Transport 2021-2027","ro":"Programul Transport 2021-2027"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Nurol İnsaat ve Ticaret","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":24,"value":{"amount":2850,"currency":"RON","year":2026}},"note":{"en":"Execution contract signed 29 January 2026 with Nurol İnsaat ve Ticaret, 2.85 billion lei excluding VAT, 24 months from the order to commence. Includes a 2.9 km link road to the Arad West industrial zone"},"sourceRefs":["cjbihor-ro"],"geometryRef":"chisineu-cris-arad"},{"id":"salonta-chisineu-cris","name":{"en":"DEx16 lot 2: Salonta – Chișineu-Criș","ro":"DEx16 lotul 2: Salonta – Chișineu-Criș"},"status":"tendered","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2025-09-12"},"lengthKm":39.7,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":2760,"currency":"RON","year":2025}},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Programul Transport 2021-2027","ro":"Programul Transport 2021-2027"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Onur Taahhut Tasimacilik Insaat Ticaret ve Sanayi","role":"builder"},{"name":"Straco Holding","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":24,"value":{"amount":2760,"currency":"RON","year":2025}},"note":{"en":"Execution contract signed 12 September 2025 with Onur Taahhut Tasimacilik Insaat Ticaret ve Sanayi and Straco Holding, 2.76 billion lei excluding VAT, 24 months. Includes a 10 km link road to the Hungarian border at Salonta and a 1,091 m bridge over the Crișul Alb"},"sourceRefs":["capital-ro"],"geometryRef":"salonta-chisineu-cris"},{"id":"oradea-salonta","name":{"en":"DEx16 lot 1: Oradea – Salonta","ro":"DEx16 lotul 1: Oradea – Salonta"},"status":"tendered","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2025-05"},"lengthKm":33.7,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":2320,"currency":"RON","year":2025}},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Programul Transport 2021-2027","ro":"Programul Transport 2021-2027"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Precon Transilvania","role":"builder"},{"name":"Automagistral Pivden","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":24,"value":{"amount":2320,"currency":"RON","year":2025}},"note":{"en":"Execution contract signed 15 May 2025 with Precon Transilvania and Automagistral Pivden, 2.32 billion lei excluding VAT, 24 months. Includes a 5.3 km link road to DN79 at Salonta"},"sourceRefs":["oradea-ro"],"geometryRef":"oradea-salonta"},{"id":"oradea-connector","name":{"en":"A3 – Oradea South bypass connector","ro":"Legătura A3 – Centura de Sud a Oradei"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2022","opened":"2024-03"},"lengthKm":11.636,"sharedWith":"ro-dex16","note":{"en":"Built as DEx16 under a July 2021 design-and-build contract with Strabag; opened to traffic in March 2024. The same road is recorded in full as project ro-dex16, which owns it"},"sourceRefs":["digi24-oradea-connector"],"geometryRef":"oradea-connector"}],"operator":"ro-cnair","sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-a11-motorway-romania","title":"Wikipedia: A11 motorway (Romania)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A11_motorway_(Romania)"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Drumul expres Arad–Oradea (DEx16, three lots, connector roads)","url":"https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drumul_expres_Arad%E2%80%93Oradea"},{"id":"cjbihor-ro","title":"Consiliul Județean Bihor: S-a semnat contractul pentru lotul 3 al Drumului Expres Arad – Oradea (29 January 2026)","url":"https://www.cjbihor.ro/s-a-semnat-contractul-pentru-lotul-3-al-drumului-expres-arad-oradea/"},{"title":"Mediafax: Toți cei 120 de km ai Drumului Expres Arad – Oradea, acoperiți de contracte (29 January 2026)","url":"https://www.mediafax.ro/economic/moment-important-toti-cei-120-de-km-ai-drumului-expres-arad-oradea-acoperiti-de-contracte-23678444"},{"id":"oradea-ro","title":"Oradea.ro: A fost semnat contractul pentru execuția Drumului Expres Oradea – Salonta (15 May 2025)","url":"https://oradea.ro/stiri/a-fost-semnat-contractul-pentru-executia-drumului-expres-oradea-salonta/"},{"title":"130km.ro: Autostrada A11 Arad - Oradea - A3","url":"https://www.130km.ro/a11.html"},{"id":"capital-ro","title":"Capital: CNAIR a semnat contractul pentru lotul 2 al Drumului Expres Arad – Oradea (12 September 2025)","url":"https://www.capital.ro/cnair-a-semnat-contractul-pentru-lotul-2-al-drumului-expres-arad-oradea-un-nou-pas-important-pentru-dezvoltarea-infrastructurii.html"},{"title":"HotNews: Drum expres de la Oradea la Arad, contract semnat pentru ultimul lot (29 January 2026)","url":"https://hotnews.ro/drum-expres-de-la-oradea-la-arad-contract-semnat-pentru-ultimul-lot-care-nu-avea-constructor-care-este-termenul-de-finalizare-harta-2160835"},{"id":"digi24-oradea-connector","title":"Digi24: DEx16 Oradea bypass – A3 opened March 2024","url":"https://www.digi24.ro/stiri/economie/un-nou-drum-expres-a-fost-inaugurat-in-romania-dex16-are-19-kilometri-si-a-fost-construit-in-30-de-luni-2739635"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright"}]},{"id":"ro-a13","country":"ro","category":"highway","name":{"en":"A13 Motorway (Carpathian Motorway)","ro":"Autostrada A13 (Autostrada Carpatica)"},"description":{"en":"Planned 281 km motorway across the Eastern Carpathians linking the A1 at Boița (Sibiu) with the A7 Moldavia Motorway at Răcăciuni (Bacău), via Făgăraș, Brașov, Sfântu Gheorghe, Târgu Secuiesc and the Oituz pass. The project is split into three sections: the 68 km Boița–Făgăraș section is under construction on all four lots, contracted in 2023–2024 to the Turkish builder Makyol; the 46 km Făgăraș–Brașov and the 162 km Brașov–Bacău sections are still in feasibility-study and design stage. Originally numbered A5, it was renamed A13 after being merged with the Sibiu–Făgăraș–Brașov project. After a 2025 route revision around the Hărman military testing range, roughly 12 km of tunnels are proposed on the mountain section.","ro":"Autostradă planificată de 281 km peste Carpații Orientali, care va lega A1 la Boița (Sibiu) de Autostrada Moldovei A7 la Răcăciuni (Bacău), prin Făgăraș, Brașov, Sfântu Gheorghe, Târgu Secuiesc și Pasul Oituz. Proiectul este împărțit în trei tronsoane: tronsonul Boița–Făgăraș, de 68 km, este în execuție pe toate cele patru loturi, contractate în 2023–2024 cu antreprenorul turc Makyol; tronsoanele Făgăraș–Brașov (46 km) și Brașov–Bacău (162 km) sunt în faza de studiu de fezabilitate și proiectare. Inițial numerotată A5, a primit denumirea A13 după fuziunea cu proiectul Sibiu–Făgăraș–Brașov. După revizuirea traseului din 2025 în jurul poligonului militar de la Hărman, pe tronsonul montan sunt propuși circa 12 km de tuneluri."},"lots":[{"id":"lot1-boita-marsa","name":{"en":"Lot 1: Boița – Avrig – Mârșa","ro":"Lotul 1: Boița – Avrig – Mârșa"},"status":"under_construction","lengthKm":14.25,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU funds (TEN-T core network)","ro":"Fonduri europene (rețeaua centrală TEN-T)"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Makyol Insaat Sanayi ve Ticaret A.S.","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"Design-and-build contract with Makyol; the four Boița–Făgăraș lots were signed in 2023–2024 after the feasibility study (December 2021) and technical design (January 2022) were approved"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a13-rom-nia"],"geometryRef":"lot1-boita-marsa"},{"id":"lot2-marsa-arpasu","name":{"en":"Lot 2: Mârșa – Arpașu de Jos","ro":"Lotul 2: Mârșa – Arpașu de Jos"},"status":"under_construction","lengthKm":19.92,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU funds (TEN-T core network)","ro":"Fonduri europene (rețeaua centrală TEN-T)"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Makyol Insaat Sanayi ve Ticaret A.S.","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"Design-and-build contract with Makyol; the four Boița–Făgăraș lots were signed in 2023–2024"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a13-rom-nia"],"geometryRef":"lot2-marsa-arpasu"},{"id":"lot3-arpasu-sambata","name":{"en":"Lot 3: Arpașu de Jos – Sâmbăta de Sus","ro":"Lotul 3: Arpașu de Jos – Sâmbăta de Sus"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2023-09-20"},"lengthKm":17.61,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU funds (TEN-T core network)","ro":"Fonduri europene (rețeaua centrală TEN-T)"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Makyol Insaat Sanayi ve Ticaret A.S.","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"totalMonths":48},"note":{"en":"Design-and-build contract signed with Makyol on 20 September 2023, 48 months total duration"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-a13-motorway-romania"],"geometryRef":"lot3-arpasu-sambata"},{"id":"lot4-sambata-fagaras","name":{"en":"Lot 4: Sâmbăta de Sus – Făgăraș","ro":"Lotul 4: Sâmbăta de Sus – Făgăraș"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2023-05-05"},"lengthKm":16.26,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU funds (TEN-T core network)","ro":"Fonduri europene (rețeaua centrală TEN-T)"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Makyol Insaat Sanayi ve Ticaret A.S.","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"totalMonths":48},"note":{"en":"Design-and-build contract signed with Makyol on 5 May 2023, 48 months total duration"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-a13-motorway-romania"],"geometryRef":"lot4-sambata-fagaras"},{"id":"fagaras-brasov","name":{"en":"Făgăraș – Brașov","ro":"Făgăraș – Brașov"},"status":"planned","lengthKm":46,"note":{"en":"Feasibility study and technical design tendered by CNAIR in 2024 and awarded to Search Corporation; the section will link the Sibiu–Făgăraș motorway to the Brașov metropolitan bypass and the A3"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a13-rom-nia"],"geometryRef":"fagaras-brasov"},{"id":"brasov-racaciuni","name":{"en":"Brașov – Răcăciuni (A7)","ro":"Brașov – Răcăciuni (A7)"},"status":"planned","lengthKm":162,"profile":{"terrain":"mountain"},"note":{"en":"Feasibility study contract signed in 2024 with Consitrans S.R.L. under CNIR; crosses the Eastern Carpathians via the Oituz pass, with geotechnical drilling of over 10,000 linear metres carried out in 2025 and roughly 12 km of tunnels proposed"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a13-rom-nia"],"geometryRef":"brasov-racaciuni"}],"corridors":["ten-t-core"],"sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a13-rom-nia","title":"Wikipedia (ro): Autostrada A13 (România)","url":"https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autostrada_A13_(Rom%C3%A2nia)"},{"id":"wikipedia-a13-motorway-romania","title":"Wikipedia: A13 motorway (Romania)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A13_motorway_(Romania)"},{"title":"Economedia: Autostrada A13 Brașov–Bacău: traseul va fi deviat, 12 km de tuneluri propuși (8 July 2025)","url":"https://economedia.ro/cnir-a-prezentat-autoritatilor-locale-varianta-de-traseu-actualizat-a-autostrazii-a13-brasov-bacau.html"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry of the Boița–Făgăraș alignment, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright"}]},{"id":"ro-a2-danube-bridges","country":"ro","category":"bridge","name":{"en":"Fetești–Cernavodă bridges (A2 / CFR line 800)","ro":"Podurile Fetești–Cernavodă (A2 / magistrala CFR 800)"},"description":{"en":"Pair of combined road-and-rail bridges carrying the A2 motorway and the double-track Bucharest–Constanța railway over the Borcea branch and the Danube between Fetești and Cernavodă, built alongside Anghel Saligny's 1895 crossing. Designed by IPTANA București under engineer Vasile Cănuță and built by CCCF București, they were inaugurated on 21 November 1987 together with the first, 17 km section of the A2. More than 300 structural cracks found in 2014 forced a long closure; the rehabilitation was accepted on 12 July 2018. The Cernavodă bridge carries the only remaining toll on the Romanian motorway network.","ro":"Pereche de poduri mixte rutiere și feroviare care susțin autostrada A2 și magistrala CFR 800 București–Constanța peste brațul Borcea și peste Dunăre, între Fetești și Cernavodă, construite alături de traversarea lui Anghel Saligny din 1895. Proiectate de IPTANA București, sub conducerea inginerului Vasile Cănuță, și executate de CCCF București, au fost inaugurate pe 21 noiembrie 1987, odată cu primul tronson de 17 km al A2. Peste 300 de fisuri structurale descoperite în 2014 au impus o închidere îndelungată; reabilitarea a fost recepționată pe 12 iulie 2018. Podul de la Cernavodă susține singura taxă de pod rămasă pe rețeaua de autostrăzi din România."},"lots":[{"id":"borcea-bridge","name":{"en":"Borcea branch bridge (Fetești)","ro":"Podul peste brațul Borcea (Fetești)"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"1976","opened":"1987-05"},"lengthKm":0.9825,"funding":[{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"IPTANA București (eng. Vasile Cănuță)","role":"designer"},{"name":"CCCF București","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"982.5 m road deck (972 m for the railway); opened in May 1987 and officially inaugurated with the Cernavodă bridge on 21 November 1987. Rehabilitated after the 2014 crack findings, final acceptance 12 July 2018 (Arcada Company, Metabet CF, Railway Construction Company)"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-podul-de-la-fete-ti"],"geometryRef":"borcea-bridge"},{"id":"cernavoda-bridge","name":{"en":"Danube bridge at Cernavodă","ro":"Podul peste Dunăre de la Cernavodă"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"1980","opened":"1987-11-21"},"lengthKm":1.63891,"funding":[{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"IPTANA București (eng. Vasile Cănuță)","role":"designer"},{"name":"CCCF București","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"1,638.91 m over 21 spans, main span 190 m flanked by two 140 m spans, deck 32.5 m wide; in service from October 1987, inaugurated 21 November 1987, rehabilitated by July 2018"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-podul-peste-dun-re-de-la-cernavod"],"geometryRef":"cernavoda-bridge"}],"operator":"ro-cnair","sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-ro-podul-de-la-fete-ti","title":"Wikipedia (ro): Podul de la Fetești","url":"https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podul_de_la_Fete%C8%99ti"},{"id":"wikipedia-ro-podul-peste-dun-re-de-la-cernavod","title":"Wikipedia (ro): Podul peste Dunăre de la Cernavodă","url":"https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podul_peste_Dun%C4%83re_de_la_Cernavod%C4%83"},{"title":"CNAIR: Reabilitarea podului peste brațul Borcea (km 149+680) și a podului de la Cernavodă (km 157+600)","url":"https://www.cnadnr.ro/ro/proiecte/reabilitarea-podului-peste-bra%C8%9Bul-borcea-situat-pe-autostrada-a2-la-km-149680-reabilitarea"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright"}]},{"id":"ro-a2","country":"ro","category":"highway","name":{"en":"A2 Bucharest–Constanța Motorway","ro":"Autostrada A2 București–Constanța"},"description":{"en":"The \"Motorway of the Sun\" (Autostrada Soarelui) linking Bucharest to the Black Sea port of Constanța, 206 km. The Cernavodă bridges section dates from 1987; the motorway was completed end-to-end in November 2012.","ro":"„Autostrada Soarelui\", care leagă Bucureștiul de portul Constanța la Marea Neagră, pe 206 km. Tronsonul cu podurile de la Cernavodă datează din 1987; autostrada a fost finalizată cap-coadă în noiembrie 2012."},"lots":[{"id":"bucharest-fundulea","name":{"en":"Bucharest – Fundulea","ro":"București – Fundulea"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2001","opened":"2004-06-04"},"lengthKm":26.5,"funding":[{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Romis","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"value":{"amount":73.8,"currency":"EUR","year":2001}},"note":{"en":"Bucharest–Fetești sector built 2001–2007 in four sections; this one by the Romanian company Romis, surfaced with concrete slabs"},"sourceRefs":["businesscover-ro-bucharest-fundulea","wikipedia-a2-motorway-romania"],"geometryRef":"bucharest-fundulea"},{"id":"fundulea-lehliu","name":{"en":"Fundulea – Lehliu","ro":"Fundulea – Lehliu"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2001","opened":"2004-06-04"},"lengthKm":29.2,"funding":[{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Yuksel / Makimsar / Ener (JV)","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"value":{"amount":87.068,"currency":"EUR","year":2001}},"note":{"en":"Bucharest–Fetești sector, section 2, built by the Turkish joint venture Yuksel–Makimsar–Ener"},"sourceRefs":["businesscover-ro-bucharest-fundulea","wikipedia-a2-motorway-romania"],"geometryRef":"fundulea-lehliu"},{"id":"lehliu-drajna","name":{"en":"Lehliu – Drajna","ro":"Lehliu – Drajna"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2001","opened":"2004-11-16"},"lengthKm":42,"funding":[{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Colas","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"value":{"amount":116.826,"currency":"EUR","year":2001}},"note":{"en":"Bucharest–Fetești sector, section 3, built by the French company Colas"},"sourceRefs":["businesscover-ro-bucharest-fundulea","ro-wikipedia-org-lehliu-drajna","wikipedia-a2-motorway-romania"],"geometryRef":"lehliu-drajna"},{"id":"drajna-fetesti","name":{"en":"Drajna – Fetești","ro":"Drajna – Fetești"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2001","opened":"2007-05-01"},"lengthKm":36.8,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"ISPA pre-accession funds","ro":"Fonduri ISPA de preaderare"},"programme":"eu-ispa"},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Astaldi / Max Bögl / CCCF (JV)","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":18,"totalMonths":24,"value":{"amount":64.549,"currency":"EUR","year":2003}},"note":{"en":"Bucharest–Fetești sector, section 4, built by the Astaldi–Max Bögl–CCCF joint venture with ISPA pre-accession support"},"sourceRefs":["businesscover-ro-bucharest-fundulea","wikipedia-a2-motorway-romania"],"geometryRef":"drajna-fetesti"},{"id":"fetesti-cernavoda","name":{"en":"Fetești – Cernavodă (Danube bridges)","ro":"Fetești – Cernavodă (podurile peste Dunăre)"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"1984","opened":"1987-11-21"},"lengthKm":17.2,"funding":[{"source":"national_budget"}],"note":{"en":"Oldest section: the Cernavodă bridge complex over the Danube, opened 21 November 1987; closed September 2006 for complete rebuilding and reopened 2007"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-a2-motorway-romania"],"geometryRef":"fetesti-cernavoda"},{"id":"cernavoda-medgidia","name":{"en":"Cernavodă – Medgidia","ro":"Cernavodă – Medgidia"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2009","opened":"2012-07-19"},"lengthKm":20.5,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Cohesion Fund / European Commission: €70.81M of the €413.95M Cernavodă–Constanța cost","ro":"Fondul de Coeziune / Comisia Europeană: 70,81 milioane € din costul de 413,95 milioane € al secțiunii Cernavodă–Constanța"},"programme":"eu-cohesion-fund"},{"source":"loan","detail":{"en":"European Investment Bank: €250M of the €413.95M Cernavodă–Constanța cost","ro":"Banca Europeană de Investiții: 250 milioane € din costul de 413,95 milioane € al secțiunii Cernavodă–Constanța"},"programme":"eib-loan"},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Astaldi","role":"builder"},{"name":"Colas (initial contract, terminated 2011)","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":12,"totalMonths":15,"value":{"amount":498.8,"currency":"RON","year":2011}},"note":{"en":"Part of the Cernavodă–Constanța section, total cost €413.95M: €250M European Investment Bank loan, €70.81M European Commission, ~€90M Romanian state"},"sourceRefs":["mediafax-ro-cernavoda-medgidia","wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a2-rom-nia-costuri"],"geometryRef":"cernavoda-medgidia"},{"id":"medgidia-murfatlar","name":{"en":"Medgidia – Murfatlar","ro":"Medgidia – Murfatlar"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2009","opened":"2012-07-19"},"lengthKm":16.3,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Cohesion Fund / European Commission: €70.81M of the €413.95M Cernavodă–Constanța cost","ro":"Fondul de Coeziune / Comisia Europeană: 70,81 milioane € din costul de 413,95 milioane € al secțiunii Cernavodă–Constanța"},"programme":"eu-cohesion-fund"},{"source":"loan","detail":{"en":"European Investment Bank: €250M of the €413.95M Cernavodă–Constanța cost","ro":"Banca Europeană de Investiții: 250 milioane € din costul de 413,95 milioane € al secțiunii Cernavodă–Constanța"},"programme":"eib-loan"},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Astaldi – Max Bögl (JV)","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":18,"totalMonths":24},"note":{"en":"Part of the Cernavodă–Constanța section, total cost €413.95M: €250M European Investment Bank loan, €70.81M European Commission, ~€90M Romanian state"},"sourceRefs":["businesscover-ro-bucharest-fundulea","wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a2-rom-nia-costuri"],"geometryRef":"medgidia-murfatlar"},{"id":"murfatlar-constanta","name":{"en":"Murfatlar – Constanța","ro":"Murfatlar – Constanța"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2009","opened":"2011-09-30"},"lengthKm":21,"cost":{"actual":{"amount":109,"currency":"EUR","year":2011}},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Cohesion Fund / European Commission: €70.81M of the €413.95M Cernavodă–Constanța cost","ro":"Fondul de Coeziune / Comisia Europeană: 70,81 milioane € din costul de 413,95 milioane € al secțiunii Cernavodă–Constanța"},"programme":"eu-cohesion-fund"},{"source":"loan","detail":{"en":"European Investment Bank: €250M of the €413.95M Cernavodă–Constanța cost","ro":"Banca Europeană de Investiții: 250 milioane € din costul de 413,95 milioane € al secțiunii Cernavodă–Constanța"},"programme":"eib-loan"},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Astaldi – Max Bögl (JV)","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":18,"totalMonths":24},"note":{"en":"Part of the Cernavodă–Constanța section, total cost €413.95M: €250M European Investment Bank loan, €70.81M European Commission, ~€90M Romanian state"},"sourceRefs":["businesscover-ro-bucharest-fundulea","wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a2-rom-nia-costuri"],"geometryRef":"murfatlar-constanta"}],"sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-a2-motorway-romania","title":"Wikipedia: A2 motorway (Romania)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A2_motorway_(Romania)"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright","retrievedOn":"2026-08-14"},{"id":"businesscover-ro-bucharest-fundulea","title":"businesscover.ro","url":"https://www.businesscover.ro/autostrazile-romaniei-toate-informatiile-pe-care-trebuie-sa-le-stiti/"},{"id":"ro-wikipedia-org-lehliu-drajna","title":"ro.wikipedia.org","url":"https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autostrada_A2_(Rom%C3%A2nia)"},{"id":"mediafax-ro-cernavoda-medgidia","title":"mediafax.ro","url":"https://www.mediafax.ro/economic/cnadnr-si-astaldi-max-boegl-au-semnat-contractul-pentru-tronsonul-de-autostrada-cernavoda-medgidia-8780738"},{"id":"wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a2-rom-nia-costuri","title":"Wikipedia (ro): Autostrada A2 (România)#Costuri","url":"https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autostrada_A2_(Rom%C3%A2nia)#Costuri"}]},{"id":"ro-a3-transylvania","country":"ro","category":"highway","name":{"en":"A3 Transylvania Motorway (Brașov–Cluj–Borș)","ro":"Autostrada A3 Transilvania (Brașov–Cluj–Borș)"},"description":{"en":"Northern arm of the A3, running from Târgu Mureș through Cluj-Napoca and Zalău to the Hungarian border at Borș, where it meets the M4. Originally contracted to Bechtel in 2003 as a single design-build-finance deal; that contract was terminated in 2013 after the company delivered only 52 of the contracted kilometres, and the remaining lots were re-tendered with EU financing. Sections opened in stages from 2009; the mountainous Nușfalău–Zimbor stretch through the Meseș tunnel is the last major gap.","ro":"Ramura nordică a A3, de la Târgu Mureș prin Cluj-Napoca și Zalău până la granița cu Ungaria la Borș, unde se leagă de autostrada M4. Contractată inițial cu Bechtel în 2003 într-un singur contract de proiectare-construcție-finanțare; acel contract a fost reziliat în 2013, după ce compania livrase doar 52 din kilometrii contractați, iar loturile rămase au fost relicitate cu finanțare europeană. Tronsoanele s-au deschis etapizat din 2009; porțiunea montană Nușfalău–Zimbor, cu tunelul Meseș, este ultimul gol major."},"lots":[{"id":"bors-biharia","name":{"en":"Borș (Hungarian border) – Biharia","ro":"Borș (granița cu Ungaria) – Biharia"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2019-04-13","opened":"2020-09-04"},"lengthKm":5.35,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":159.2,"currency":"RON","year":2018}},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU funds","ro":"Fonduri europene"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Trameco","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":15,"value":{"amount":134.22,"currency":"RON","year":2018}},"note":{"en":"First Romanian motorway completed in 2020: opened 4 September 2020, connecting directly to the Hungarian motorway network"},"sources":[{"title":"monitorizari.hotnews.ro","url":"https://monitorizari.hotnews.ro/stiri-infrastructura_articole-24268039-prima-autostrada-inaugurata-2020-granita-ungaria-biharia-bors.htm"}],"sourceRefs":["economica-net-bors-biharia","economica-net-bors-biharia-2","economica-net-bors-biharia-3"],"geometryRef":"bors-biharia"},{"id":"biharia-suplacu","name":{"en":"Biharia – Suplacu de Barcău","ro":"Biharia – Suplacu de Barcău"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"constructionStart":"2018"},"lengthKm":54.9,"events":[{"kind":"contract_terminated","date":"2013","note":{"en":"Bechtel design-build contract terminated."},"sourceRef":"wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a3-rom-nia"},{"kind":"tender_launched","date":"2013","note":{"en":"Biharia–Chiribiș and Chiribiș–Suplacu de Barcău re-tendered with EU financing."},"sourceRef":"wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a3-rom-nia"},{"kind":"construction_start","date":"2018","sourceRef":"wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a3-rom-nia"}],"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU funds, after the Bechtel contract was terminated in 2013","ro":"Fonduri europene, după rezilierea contractului cu Bechtel în 2013"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Precon / Citadina 98 (Biharia–Chiribiș)","role":"builder"},{"name":"Erbașu (Chiribiș–Suplacu de Barcău)","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"Biharia–Chiribiș (28.55 km) and Chiribiș–Suplacu de Barcău (26.35 km) re-tendered after the Bechtel termination; OpenStreetMap tags opening_date=2026 on subsection 3A lot 2"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a3-rom-nia"],"geometryRef":"biharia-suplacu"},{"id":"suplacu-nusfalau","name":{"en":"Suplacu de Barcău – Nușfalău","ro":"Suplacu de Barcău – Nușfalău"},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"2022"},"lengthKm":13.55,"events":[{"kind":"contract_terminated","date":"2013","note":{"en":"Bechtel design-build contract terminated."},"sourceRef":"wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a3-rom-nia"},{"kind":"tender_launched","date":"2013","note":{"en":"Re-tendered with EU financing."},"sourceRef":"wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a3-rom-nia"},{"kind":"opened","date":"2022","sourceRef":"wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a3-rom-nia"}],"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU funds","ro":"Fonduri europene"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Nurol","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":18,"totalMonths":24,"value":{"amount":384.14,"currency":"RON","year":2020}},"note":{"en":"Section of the Transylvania motorway re-tendered with EU financing after the 2013 Bechtel termination"},"sourceRefs":["economica-net-suplacu-nusfalau","wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a3-rom-nia"],"geometryRef":"suplacu-nusfalau"},{"id":"nusfalau-zimbor","name":{"en":"Nușfalău – Zimbor (Meseș tunnel)","ro":"Nușfalău – Zimbor (tunelul Meseș)"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"constructionStart":"2022","expectedOpening":"2032"},"lengthKm":43.24,"profile":{"terrain":"mountain"},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU funds","ro":"Fonduri europene"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Spedition UMB (Poarta Sălajului–Zimbor)","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"Last major gap of the Transylvania motorway, including the Meseș tunnel, Romania's longest road tunnel when complete. OpenStreetMap tags opening_date=2032 on Tunel Meseș and subsections 3B3/3B4/3B lot 3; the 31 km Nușfalău–Poarta Sălajului lot was still in tender at the technical-project stage"},"sources":[{"title":"OpenStreetMap","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/2790155"}],"geometryRef":"nusfalau-zimbor"},{"id":"zimbor-nadaselu","name":{"en":"Zimbor – Nădășelu (Mihăiești)","ro":"Zimbor – Nădășelu (Mihăiești)"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"constructionStart":"2021-04","expectedOpening":"2026"},"lengthKm":30.11,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU funds","ro":"Fonduri europene"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Spedition UMB","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"designMonths":12,"executionMonths":24,"totalMonths":36,"guaranteeMonths":60,"value":{"amount":100,"currency":"EUR","year":2016}},"note":{"en":"Nădășelu–Mihăiești (16.85 km) contracted May 2016 for €100M with an 18-month term; design was delayed because the feasibility study proved inadequate. OpenStreetMap tags opening_date=2026 on subsection 3B1 (Mihăiești–Zimbor) and the Nădășelu route deviation"},"sources":[{"title":"monitorizari.hotnews.ro","url":"https://monitorizari.hotnews.ro/stiri-infrastructura_articole-20927665-inca-16-8-din-autostrada-transilvania-intre-nadaselu-mihaiesti-fost-contractati-100-mil-euro-termen-18-luni.htm"}],"sourceRefs":["monitorulcj-ro-zimbor-nadaselu","hotnews-ro-zimbor-nadaselu"],"geometryRef":"zimbor-nadaselu"},{"id":"gilau-turda","name":{"en":"Gilău (Cluj West) – Turda","ro":"Gilău (Cluj Vest) – Turda"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2004-06-16","opened":"2009-12-01"},"lengthKm":42,"funding":[{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Bechtel International","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"First 42 km of the Transylvania motorway, opened 1 December 2009; built under the 2003 Bechtel design-build-finance contract, whose ground-breaking was held at Chinteni (Cluj) on 16 June 2004. Bechtel delivered 52 of the contracted kilometres before termination in 2013"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a3-rom-nia"],"geometryRef":"gilau-turda"},{"id":"turda-campia-turzii","name":{"en":"Turda – Câmpia Turzii","ro":"Turda – Câmpia Turzii"},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"2010-11-13"},"lengthKm":12,"funding":[{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Bechtel International","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"Final 10–12 km delivered by Bechtel on the Câmpia Turzii–Gilău section, inaugurated 13 November 2010"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a3-rom-nia"],"geometryRef":"turda-campia-turzii"},{"id":"campia-turzii-targu-mures","name":{"en":"Câmpia Turzii – Târgu Mureș (Ungheni)","ro":"Câmpia Turzii – Târgu Mureș (Ungheni)"},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"2018-12-14"},"lengthKm":57,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU funds","ro":"Fonduri europene"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Geiger","role":"builder"},{"name":"Strabag","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"Iernut–Ungheni was the first segment of this section opened, on 12 December 2018, after the Geiger and Strabag lots were finished; the Cluj-Napoca West (Gilău)–Nădășelu extension followed in 2018"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a3-rom-nia"],"geometryRef":"campia-turzii-targu-mures"}],"sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a3-rom-nia","title":"Wikipedia (ro): Autostrada A3 (România)","url":"https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autostrada_A3_(Rom%C3%A2nia)"},{"title":"Wikipedia: A3 motorway (Romania)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A3_motorway_(Romania)"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry and construction dates, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright"},{"id":"economica-net-bors-biharia","title":"economica.net","url":"https://www.economica.net/autostrada-transilvania-semnare-contract-biharia-bors_162476.html"},{"id":"economica-net-bors-biharia-2","title":"economica.net","url":"https://www.economica.net/autostrada-transilvania-oradenii-de-la-trameco-au-castigat-contractele-pentru-doua-loturi-din-sectiunea-suplacu-de-barcau-bors_159218.html"},{"id":"economica-net-bors-biharia-3","title":"economica.net","url":"https://www.economica.net/autostrada-transilvania-azi-se-deschide-mini-lotul-biharia-bors-de-la-granita-cu-ungaria_189531.html"},{"id":"economica-net-suplacu-nusfalau","title":"economica.net","url":"https://www.economica.net/autostrada-transilvania-turcii-de-la-nurol-castigatori-nusfalau-suplacu-de-barcau_188914.html"},{"id":"monitorulcj-ro-zimbor-nadaselu","title":"monitorulcj.ro (dates.constructionStart)","url":"https://www.monitorulcj.ro/administratie/130488-a-fost-emisa-autorizatia-de-construire-pentru-viaductele-cheie-ale-autostrazii-transilvania"},{"id":"hotnews-ro-zimbor-nadaselu","title":"hotnews.ro (contract.totalMonths)","url":"https://hotnews.ro/stiri-infrastructura_articole-24301095-autostrada-transilvania-nadaselu-mihaiesti-zimbor-umb.htm"}]},{"id":"ro-a3","country":"ro","category":"highway","name":{"en":"A3 Bucharest–Brașov Motorway","ro":"Autostrada A3 București–Brașov"},"description":{"en":"Motorway linking Bucharest to Brașov via Ploiești and the Prahova Valley, part of the planned Bucharest–Borș (Hungarian border) route. The Bucharest–Ploiești section (62 km) opened in July 2012. The Ploiești–Comarnic section (48.6 km) is still in pre-feasibility, while the difficult Comarnic–Brașov mountain section (58 km) has seen its concession and PPP tenders repeatedly cancelled; only the Râșnov–Cristian segment (6.3 km) is in service.","ro":"Autostrada care leagă Bucureștiul de Brașov prin Ploiești și Valea Prahovei, parte a traseului planificat București–Borș (frontiera cu Ungaria). Secțiunea București–Ploiești (62 km) a fost deschisă în iulie 2012. Secțiunea Ploiești–Comarnic (48,6 km) este încă în faza de prefezabilitate, iar dificila secțiune montană Comarnic–Brașov (58 km) a avut licitațiile de concesiune și PPP anulate în mod repetat; doar tronsonul Râșnov–Cristian (6,3 km) este în funcțiune."},"lots":[{"id":"bucharest-ploiesti","name":{"en":"Bucharest – Ploiești","ro":"București – Ploiești"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2007-02-21","constructionStart":"2007-03-15","opened":"2012-07-19"},"lengthKm":62,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":450,"currency":"EUR","year":2012}},"funding":[{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Impresa Pizzarotti & C.","role":"builder"},{"name":"Tirrena Scavi","role":"builder"},{"name":"Spedition UMB","role":"builder"},{"name":"Pa&Co Internațional","role":"builder"},{"name":"EuroConstruct Trading '98","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":18,"guaranteeMonths":36},"note":{"en":"CNADNR tender of 21 February 2007 (7 bidders); notice to proceed 16 May 2008, works began 26 May 2008; 18-month construction term, 36-month guarantee. Actual opening slipped to July 2012"},"sources":[{"title":"cnadnr.ro","url":"http://www.cnadnr.ro/proiect.php?id=39"}],"geometryRef":"bucharest-ploiesti"},{"id":"comarnic-brasov","name":{"en":"Comarnic – Brașov","ro":"Comarnic – Brașov"},"status":"tendered","dates":{"announced":"2008"},"lengthKm":51.7,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":1360,"currency":"EUR","year":2018,"scope":"programme","confidence":"estimated","note":"The October 2018 public-private partnership estimate covers Ploiești–Comarnic–Brașov, about 100 km, so it spans well beyond this section. Recorded as a programme figure and kept out of per-section rankings for that reason."}},"profile":{"terrain":"mountain"},"events":[{"kind":"announced","date":"2008","sourceRef":"wikipedia-a3"},{"kind":"tender_launched","date":"2013","note":{"en":"Tendered as a concession; Vinci–Strabag–Aktor selected."},"sourceRef":"wikipedia-a3"},{"kind":"tender_cancelled","date":"2015","note":{"en":"Concession tender cancelled."},"sourceRef":"wikipedia-a3"},{"kind":"tender_launched","date":"2018","note":{"en":"Re-tendered as a public-private partnership."},"sourceRef":"wikipedia-a3"},{"kind":"tender_cancelled","date":"2020","note":{"en":"PPP tender cancelled."},"sourceRef":"wikipedia-a3"},{"kind":"tender_launched","date":"2020-08","note":{"en":"Comarnic South–North segment (5.2 km) re-tendered."},"sourceRef":"wikipedia-a3"}],"funding":[{"source":"ppp","detail":{"en":"Tendered as a concession in 2013 (Vinci–Strabag–Aktor, cancelled 2015) and again as a public-private partnership in 2018 (cancelled 2020). The Comarnic South–North segment (5.2 km) was re-tendered in August 2020.","ro":"Licitat ca concesiune în 2013 (Vinci–Strabag–Aktor, anulată în 2015) și din nou ca parteneriat public-privat în 2018 (anulat în 2020). Tronsonul Comarnic Sud–Nord (5,2 km) a fost relicitat în august 2020."}}],"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-a3","wikipedia-a3-ro"],"geometryRef":"comarnic-brasov"},{"id":"rasnov-cristian","name":{"en":"Râșnov – Cristian","ro":"Râșnov – Cristian"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2017-10","constructionStart":"2017-10-17","opened":"2020-12"},"lengthKm":6.3,"profile":{"terrain":"mountain"},"events":[{"kind":"awarded","date":"2017-10","note":{"en":"EU-financed contract awarded after the PPP attempts failed."},"sourceRef":"wikipedia-a3"},{"kind":"construction_start","date":"2017-10-17","sourceRef":"wikipedia-a3"},{"kind":"opened","date":"2020-12","sourceRef":"wikipedia-a3"}],"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"After the PPP attempts failed, the government turned to EU Operational Programmes; EU financing was secured in 2017 for the Râșnov–Cristian portion (contract October 2017, two-year execution term).","ro":"După eșecul tentativelor de PPP, Guvernul s-a reorientat către Programele Operaționale ale Uniunii Europene; finanțarea europeană a fost obținută în 2017 pentru porțiunea Râșnov–Cristian (contract în octombrie 2017, termen de execuție de doi ani)."}}],"contractors":[{"name":"Alpenside","role":"builder"},{"name":"Specialist Consulting","role":"designer"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":24},"note":{"en":"The only section of the Comarnic–Brașov mountain crossing in service. Recorded as its own lot because the map draws a lot as one status, and 6.3 km of open motorway was being drawn as tendered."},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-a3","wikipedia-a3-ro"],"geometryRef":"rasnov-cristian"}],"operator":"ro-cnair","sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-a3","title":"Wikipedia: A3 motorway (Romania)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A3_motorway_(Romania)"},{"id":"wikipedia-a3-ro","title":"Wikipedia (ro): Autostrada A3 (România)","url":"https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autostrada_A3_(Rom%C3%A2nia)"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright"}]},{"id":"ro-a4","country":"ro","category":"highway","name":{"en":"A4 motorway (Constanța bypass)","ro":"Autostrada A4 (Varianta de ocolire Constanța)"},"description":{"en":"Bypass of Constanța, 22 km from Ovidiu to the Port of Constanța, meeting the A2 at an interchange southwest of the city. It opened in stages between 2011 and 2013 and includes a bridge over the Danube–Black Sea Canal that gives direct access to the port's southern terminal. A planned extension south along the coast past Mangalia to the Bulgarian border would take it to about 60 km, as part of an extension of Pan-European Corridor IV towards Varna.","ro":"Variantă de ocolire a municipiului Constanța, 22 km de la Ovidiu până în Portul Constanța, cu nod de legătură cu autostrada A2 la sud-vest de oraș. A fost deschisă etapizat între 2011 și 2013 și include un pod peste Canalul Dunăre–Marea Neagră care asigură accesul direct la terminalul sudic al portului. O prelungire planificată spre sud, de-a lungul litoralului, dincolo de Mangalia, până la granița cu Bulgaria, ar duce-o la circa 60 km, ca parte a extinderii Coridorului pan-european IV spre Varna."},"lots":[{"id":"ovidiu-dn3","name":{"en":"Ovidiu – DN3 interchange","ro":"Ovidiu – nodul rutier DN3"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2008-09","constructionStart":"2010","opened":"2012-07-19"},"lengthKm":11,"funding":[{"source":"national_budget"},{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Cohesion Fund, awarded by the European Commission at the end of 2014","ro":"Fondul de Coeziune, alocat de Comisia Europeană la sfârșitul anului 2014"},"programme":"eu-cohesion-fund"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Astaldi","role":"builder"},{"name":"FCC Construction","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"Constanța bypass: tender awarded September 2008 to the Astaldi–FCC Construcción joint venture; EU Cohesion Fund support awarded end-2014"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-a4-motorway-romania"],"geometryRef":"ovidiu-dn3"},{"id":"dn3-constanta-west","name":{"en":"DN3 interchange – Constanța West (A2 interchange)","ro":"Nodul rutier DN3 – Constanța Vest (nodul cu A2)"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2008-09","constructionStart":"2010","opened":"2011-09-30"},"lengthKm":3,"funding":[{"source":"national_budget"},{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Cohesion Fund, awarded by the European Commission at the end of 2014","ro":"Fondul de Coeziune, alocat de Comisia Europeană la sfârșitul anului 2014"},"programme":"eu-cohesion-fund"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Astaldi","role":"builder"},{"name":"FCC Construction","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"Constanța bypass: tender awarded September 2008 to the Astaldi–FCC Construcción joint venture; EU Cohesion Fund support awarded end-2014"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-a4-motorway-romania"],"geometryRef":"dn3-constanta-west"},{"id":"constanta-west-lazu","name":{"en":"Constanța West (A2 interchange) – Lazu","ro":"Constanța Vest (nodul cu A2) – Lazu"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2008-09","constructionStart":"2010","opened":"2011-07-29"},"lengthKm":5,"funding":[{"source":"national_budget"},{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Cohesion Fund, awarded by the European Commission at the end of 2014","ro":"Fondul de Coeziune, alocat de Comisia Europeană la sfârșitul anului 2014"},"programme":"eu-cohesion-fund"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Astaldi","role":"builder"},{"name":"FCC Construction","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"Constanța bypass: tender awarded September 2008 to the Astaldi–FCC Construcción joint venture; EU Cohesion Fund support awarded end-2014"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-a4-motorway-romania"],"geometryRef":"constanta-west-lazu"},{"id":"lazu-port","name":{"en":"Lazu – Port of Constanța","ro":"Lazu – Portul Constanța"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2010-07","opened":"2013-07-12"},"lengthKm":2,"funding":[{"source":"national_budget"},{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Cohesion Fund, awarded by the European Commission at the end of 2014","ro":"Fondul de Coeziune, alocat de Comisia Europeană la sfârșitul anului 2014"},"programme":"eu-cohesion-fund"}],"note":{"en":"Constanța bypass: tender awarded September 2008 to the Astaldi–FCC Construcción joint venture; EU Cohesion Fund support awarded end-2014"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-a4-motorway-romania"],"geometryRef":"lazu-port"}],"sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-a4-motorway-romania","title":"Wikipedia: A4 motorway (Romania)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A4_motorway_(Romania)"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright"}]},{"id":"ro-a6","country":"ro","category":"highway","name":{"en":"A6 Lugoj–Calafat Motorway","ro":"Autostrada A6 Lugoj–Calafat"},"description":{"en":"Partially built motorway planned to link Bucharest with the Banat region across the south of the country, on the route Lugoj – Drobeta-Turnu Severin – Craiova – Calafat (towards the New Europe Bridge to Bulgaria), as part of the southern branch of Pan-European Corridor IV. Only 11.4 km are open, between the A1 interchange near Balinț and Lugoj (December 2013, built under the A1 Lugoj–Deva contract). The rest of the ~260 km planned has been in pre-feasibility since October 2012 as the \"South Motorway\" (Autostrada Sudului), with the route not yet fixed; a junction with the Pitești–Craiova Expressway is planned near Craiova.","ro":"Autostradă parțial construită, planificată să lege Bucureștiul de regiunea Banat prin sudul țării, pe traseul Lugoj – Drobeta-Turnu Severin – Craiova – Calafat (spre Podul Noua Europă către Bulgaria), ca parte a ramurii sudice a Coridorului Pan-European IV. Sunt deschiși doar 11,4 km, între nodul cu autostrada A1 de la Balinț și Lugoj (decembrie 2013, construiți în cadrul contractului A1 Lugoj–Deva). Restul celor ~260 km planificați se află în faza de prefezabilitate din octombrie 2012, ca „Autostrada Sudului”, traseul nefiind încă stabilit; un nod cu Drumul Expres Pitești–Craiova este planificat în apropiere de Craiova."},"lots":[{"id":"balint-lugoj","name":{"en":"Balinț (A1) – Lugoj","ro":"Balinț (A1) – Lugoj"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2011-05","constructionStart":"2011-10","opened":"2013-12"},"lengthKm":11.4,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Built as part of the EU-financed A1 Lugoj–Deva lot 1 contract","ro":"Construit în cadrul contractului A1 Lugoj – Deva lotul 1, finanțat de Uniunea Europeană"}}],"contractors":[{"name":"Tirrena Scavi","role":"builder"},{"name":"Societa Italiana per Condotte D'Acqua","role":"builder"},{"name":"Cossi Construzioni","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"Built under the EU-financed A1 Lugoj–Deva lot 1 contract (Tirrena Scavi–Condotte–Cossi JV, awarded May 2011)"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-a1-motorway-romania"],"geometryRef":"balint-lugoj"},{"id":"lugoj-calafat","name":{"en":"Lugoj – Drobeta-Turnu Severin – Craiova – Calafat","ro":"Lugoj – Drobeta-Turnu Severin – Craiova – Calafat"},"status":"planned","dates":{"announced":"2012-10"},"lengthKm":248.6,"funding":[{"source":"national_budget","detail":{"en":"A 2021 law (in force 1 January 2021) mandated execution of the A6 \"South Motorway\" within four years, financed from the state budget through the Ministry of Transport","ro":"O lege din 2021 (intrată în vigoare la 1 ianuarie 2021) a prevăzut execuția „Autostrăzii Sudului” A6 în termen de 4 ani, finanțată de la bugetul de stat, prin bugetul Ministerului Transporturilor"}}],"note":{"en":"A6 \"South Motorway\": 2021 law mandated execution within four years from 1 January 2021, financed from the state budget via the Ministry of Transport; route still in pre-feasibility"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a6-rom-nia"],"geometryRef":"lugoj-calafat"}],"corridors":["pan-european-iv"],"sources":[{"title":"Wikipedia: A6 motorway (Romania)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A6_motorway_(Romania)"},{"id":"wikipedia-a1-motorway-romania","title":"Wikipedia: A1 motorway (Romania)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A1_motorway_(Romania)"},{"id":"wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a6-rom-nia","title":"Wikipedia (ro): Autostrada A6 (România)","url":"https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autostrada_A6_(Rom%C3%A2nia)"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright"}]},{"id":"ro-a7","country":"ro","category":"highway","name":{"en":"A7 Motorway (Moldavia Motorway)","ro":"Autostrada A7 (Autostrada Moldovei)"},"description":{"en":"Partially built motorway that will link Ploiești (A3) to the Ukrainian border at Siret via Buzău, Focșani, Bacău, Roman, Pașcani and Suceava, partly along Pan-European Corridor IX. As of December 2025, 211.9 km are open (Dumbrava–Adjud and the Bacău bypass), 185.3 km are under construction (Adjud–Suceava) and the 56.1 km Suceava–Siret section is tendered, out of 453.3 km planned. The Pașcani–Siret section is to be co-financed from EU funds, while Ploiești–Pașcani is to be financed through the Romanian PNRR (Next Generation EU).","ro":"Autostradă parțial construită care va lega Ploieștiul (A3) de frontiera cu Ucraina la Siret, prin Buzău, Focșani, Bacău, Roman, Pașcani și Suceava, parțial pe traseul Coridorului Paneuropean IX. În decembrie 2025 erau deschiși 211,9 km (Dumbrava–Adjud și Centura Bacău), 185,3 km erau în construcție (Adjud–Suceava), iar secțiunea Suceava–Siret de 56,1 km era în licitație, din totalul de 453,3 km planificați. Secțiunea Pașcani–Siret urmează a fi cofinanțată din fonduri europene, iar Ploiești–Pașcani prin PNRR (Next Generation EU)."},"lots":[{"id":"dumbrava-mizil","name":{"en":"Dumbrava (A3) – Mizil (Ploiești–Buzău lot 1)","ro":"Dumbrava (A3) – Mizil (lotul 1 Ploiești – Buzău)"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2022-06-16","constructionStart":"2022","opened":"2024-12-23"},"lengthKm":21,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)","ro":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)"},"programme":"ro-pnrr"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Impresa Pizzarotti","role":"builder"},{"name":"Retter","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":20,"value":{"amount":1468.55,"currency":"RON","year":2022}},"note":{"en":"Financed through the Romanian PNRR (Next Generation EU), an instrument running to 2026"},"sourceRefs":["rettergroup-com-dumbrava-mizil","traficmedia-ro-dumbrava-mizil","wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a7-rom-nia-construc-ia-finan-at-prin"],"geometryRef":"dumbrava-mizil"},{"id":"mizil-pietroasele","name":{"en":"Mizil – Stâlpu (Ploiești–Buzău lot 2)","ro":"Mizil – Stâlpu (lotul 2 Ploiești – Buzău)"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2022-06-07","constructionStart":"2022-08-12","opened":"2025-10-17"},"lengthKm":28.35,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)","ro":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)"},"programme":"ro-pnrr"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Coni","role":"builder"},{"name":"Trace","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":20,"value":{"amount":1249,"currency":"RON","year":2022}},"note":{"en":"Ploiești–Buzău tendered July 2021 in three lots: lot 1 Dumbrava–Mizil (km 0–21), lot 2 Mizil–Stâlpu (km 21+000–49+350), lot 3 Stâlpu–Buzău (km 49+350–63+250). Opening months corroborated by the exit list: Mizil (km 21) July 2025, Sărata (km 39) October 2025, Spătaru (km 53) November 2025, Buzău Est (km 62) July 2025"},"sourceRefs":["economica-net-mizil-pietroasele","constructiv-ro-mizil-pietroasele","economica-net-mizil-pietroasele-2","wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a7-rom-nia"],"geometryRef":"mizil-pietroasele"},{"id":"pietroasele-buzau","name":{"en":"Stâlpu – Buzău (Ploiești–Buzău lot 3)","ro":"Stâlpu – Buzău (lotul 3 Ploiești – Buzău)"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2022","constructionStart":"2022","opened":"2025-11-27"},"lengthKm":13.9,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)","ro":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)"},"programme":"ro-pnrr"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Nurol","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":20,"value":{"amount":1090,"currency":"RON","year":2023}},"note":{"en":"Ploiești–Buzău tendered July 2021 in three lots: lot 1 Dumbrava–Mizil (km 0–21), lot 2 Mizil–Stâlpu (km 21+000–49+350), lot 3 Stâlpu–Buzău (km 49+350–63+250). Opening months corroborated by the exit list: Mizil (km 21) July 2025, Sărata (km 39) October 2025, Spătaru (km 53) November 2025, Buzău Est (km 62) July 2025"},"sourceRefs":["constructiv-ro-pietroasele-buzau","agerpres-ro-pietroasele-buzau","wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a7-rom-nia"],"geometryRef":"pietroasele-buzau"},{"id":"buzau-bypass","name":{"en":"Buzău bypass","ro":"Centura Buzău"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2022-09-06","constructionStart":"2022","opened":"2025-07"},"lengthKm":4.6,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)","ro":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)"},"programme":"ro-pnrr"}],"contractors":[{"name":"SA&PE","role":"builder"},{"name":"Spedition UMB","role":"builder"},{"name":"Tehnostrade","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":20,"value":{"amount":689.28,"currency":"RON","year":2022}},"note":{"en":"Financed through the Romanian PNRR (Next Generation EU), an instrument running to 2026"},"sourceRefs":["ziuacargo-ro-buzau-bypass","hotnews-ro-buzau-bypass","wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a7-rom-nia-construc-ia-finan-at-prin"],"geometryRef":"buzau-bypass"},{"id":"buzau-ramnicu-sarat","name":{"en":"Buzău – Râmnicu Sărat","ro":"Buzău – Râmnicu Sărat"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2022","opened":"2024-11-21"},"lengthKm":30.8,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)","ro":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)"},"programme":"ro-pnrr"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Spedition UMB","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":26,"value":{"amount":1317.07,"currency":"RON","year":2022}},"note":{"en":"Financed through the Romanian PNRR (Next Generation EU), an instrument running to 2026"},"sourceRefs":["hotnews-ro-buzau-bypass","wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a7-rom-nia-construc-ia-finan-at-prin"],"geometryRef":"buzau-ramnicu-sarat"},{"id":"ramnicu-sarat-mandresti","name":{"en":"Râmnicu Sărat – Mândrești-Munteni","ro":"Râmnicu Sărat – Mândrești-Munteni"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2022","opened":"2024-12-20"},"lengthKm":36.1,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)","ro":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)"},"programme":"ro-pnrr"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Spedition UMB","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":26,"value":{"amount":1469.39,"currency":"RON","year":2022}},"note":{"en":"Financed through the Romanian PNRR (Next Generation EU), an instrument running to 2026"},"sourceRefs":["hotnews-ro-buzau-bypass","wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a7-rom-nia-construc-ia-finan-at-prin"],"geometryRef":"ramnicu-sarat-mandresti"},{"id":"focsani-bypass","name":{"en":"Focșani bypass (Buzău–Focșani lot 4)","ro":"Centura Focșani (lotul 4 Buzău – Focșani)"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2022-09-06","constructionStart":"2022","opened":"2024-11-07"},"lengthKm":10.94,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)","ro":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)"},"programme":"ro-pnrr"}],"contractors":[{"name":"SA&PE","role":"builder"},{"name":"Spedition UMB","role":"builder"},{"name":"Tehnostrade","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":20,"value":{"amount":763.72,"currency":"RON","year":2022}},"note":{"en":"Financed through the Romanian PNRR (Next Generation EU), an instrument running to 2026"},"sourceRefs":["ziuacargo-ro-buzau-bypass","wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a7-rom-nia-construc-ia-finan-at-prin"],"geometryRef":"focsani-bypass"},{"id":"focsani-domnesti","name":{"en":"Focșani – Domnești-Târg (Focșani–Bacău lot 1)","ro":"Focșani – Domnești-Târg (lotul 1 Focșani – Bacău)"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2022-12","constructionStart":"2023","opened":"2025-12"},"lengthKm":35.6,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)","ro":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)"},"programme":"ro-pnrr"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Spedition UMB","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":30,"value":{"amount":2354,"currency":"RON","year":2022}},"note":{"en":"Financed through the Romanian PNRR (Next Generation EU), an instrument running to 2026"},"sourceRefs":["stiridevrancea-ro-focsani-domnesti","hotnews-ro-focsani-domnesti","wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a7-rom-nia-construc-ia-finan-at-prin"],"geometryRef":"focsani-domnesti"},{"id":"domnesti-adjud","name":{"en":"Domnești-Târg – Adjud","ro":"Domnești-Târg – Adjud"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2022-12","constructionStart":"2023","opened":"2025-12-13"},"lengthKm":15.6,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)","ro":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)"},"programme":"ro-pnrr"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Spedition UMB","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"Financed through the Romanian PNRR (Next Generation EU), an instrument running to 2026"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a7-rom-nia-construc-ia-finan-at-prin"],"geometryRef":"domnesti-adjud"},{"id":"bacau-bypass","name":{"en":"Bacău bypass","ro":"Centura Bacău"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2018-12-22","constructionStart":"2019-03-08","opened":"2020-12-02"},"lengthKm":16.269,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":142,"currency":"EUR","year":2018}},"contractors":[{"name":"Spedition UMB","role":"builder"},{"name":"Tehnostrade","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"designMonths":6,"executionMonths":30,"totalMonths":36,"guaranteeMonths":84,"value":{"amount":142,"currency":"EUR","year":2018}},"note":{"en":"CNAIR contract signed 22 December 2018 with Spedition UMB–Tehnostrade: €142M, 36 months for construction, 7-year guarantee (opened 2 years ahead of term)"},"sources":[{"title":"monitorizari.hotnews.ro","url":"https://monitorizari.hotnews.ro/stiri-infrastructura_articole-22880993-cnair-semnat-contractul-pentru-varianta-ocolitoare-municipiului-bacau-142-milioane-euro-36-luni-pentru-constructie-7-ani-garantie.htm"}],"sourceRefs":["web-archive-org-bacau-bypass","hotnews-ro-bacau-bypass"],"geometryRef":"bacau-bypass"},{"id":"adjud-bacau-sud","name":{"en":"Adjud – Bacău Sud","ro":"Adjud – Bacău Sud"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2022-12","constructionStart":"2023","expectedOpening":"2026"},"lengthKm":45.9,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)","ro":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)"},"programme":"ro-pnrr"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Spedition UMB","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"Focșani–Bacău lots 2–3 (Domnești-Târg–Răcăciuni, Răcăciuni–Bacău Sud) awarded November 2022 and signed December 2022 with Spedition UMB; PNRR-funded, instrument deadline 2026"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a7-rom-nia-construc-ia-finan-at-prin"],"geometryRef":"adjud-bacau-sud"},{"id":"bacau-roman","name":{"en":"Bacău – Roman (Bacău–Pașcani lot 1)","ro":"Bacău – Roman (lotul 1 Bacău – Pașcani)"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2022-12","constructionStart":"2023","expectedOpening":"2026"},"lengthKm":30.3,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)","ro":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)"},"programme":"ro-pnrr"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Spedition UMB","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"Bacău–Pașcani lot 1 (Săucești–Trifești, 30.3 km) awarded December 2022 to Spedition UMB; PNRR-funded, instrument deadline 2026"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a7-rom-nia-construc-ia-finan-at-prin"],"geometryRef":"bacau-roman"},{"id":"roman-sabaoani","name":{"en":"Roman – Săbăoani (Bacău–Pașcani lot 2)","ro":"Roman – Săbăoani (lotul 2 Bacău – Pașcani)"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2022-12","constructionStart":"2023","expectedOpening":"2026"},"lengthKm":18.9,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)","ro":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)"},"programme":"ro-pnrr"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Spedition UMB","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"Bacău–Pașcani lot 2 (Trifești–Gherăești, 18.99 km) awarded December 2022 to Spedition UMB; PNRR-funded, instrument deadline 2026"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a7-rom-nia-construc-ia-finan-at-prin"],"geometryRef":"roman-sabaoani"},{"id":"sabaoani-pascani","name":{"en":"Săbăoani – Pașcani (Bacău–Pașcani lot 3)","ro":"Săbăoani – Pașcani (lotul 3 Bacău – Pașcani)"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2022-12","constructionStart":"2023","expectedOpening":"2026"},"lengthKm":28.09,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)","ro":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)"},"programme":"ro-pnrr"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Spedition UMB","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"Bacău–Pașcani lot 3 (Mircești–Pașcani, 28.09 km) awarded December 2022 to Spedition UMB; PNRR-funded, instrument deadline 2026"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a7-rom-nia-construc-ia-finan-at-prin"],"geometryRef":"sabaoani-pascani"},{"id":"pascani-suceava","name":{"en":"Pașcani – Suceava","ro":"Pașcani – Suceava"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"constructionStart":"2023"},"lengthKm":61.97,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Pașcani–Siret section to be co-financed through EU funds","ro":"Secțiunea Pașcani–Siret urmează a fi cofinanțată din fonduri europene"}}],"geometryRef":"pascani-suceava"},{"id":"suceava-siret","name":{"en":"Suceava – Siret (Ukrainian border)","ro":"Suceava – Siret (frontiera cu Ucraina)"},"status":"tendered","lengthKm":56.16,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Pașcani–Siret section to be co-financed through EU funds; north of Milișăuți (Rădăuți) the road is planned as an expressway to the border","ro":"Secțiunea Pașcani–Siret urmează a fi cofinanțată din fonduri europene; la nord de Milișăuți (Rădăuți) drumul este planificat ca drum expres până la frontieră"}}],"geometryRef":"suceava-siret"}],"corridors":["pan-european-ix"],"operator":"ro-cnair","sources":[{"title":"Wikipedia: A7 motorway (Romania)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A7_motorway_(Romania)"},{"id":"wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a7-rom-nia","title":"Wikipedia (ro): Autostrada A7 (România)","url":"https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autostrada_A7_(Rom%C3%A2nia)"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry, 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(dates.constructionStart)","url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20190819212512/http://cnadnr.ro/ro/comunicare/comunicate-de-presa/interes-general/vo-bac%C4%83u-%E2%80%93-lucr%C4%83rile-au-%C3%AEnceput-cu-4-luni-mai-devreme"},{"id":"hotnews-ro-bacau-bypass","title":"hotnews.ro (contract.totalMonths)","url":"https://hotnews.ro/stiri-infrastructura_articole-22880993-cnair-semnat-contractul-pentru-varianta-ocolitoare-municipiului-bacau-142-milioane-euro-36-luni-pentru-constructie-7-ani-garantie.htm"},{"id":"wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a7-rom-nia-construc-ia-finan-at-prin","title":"Wikipedia (ro): Autostrada A7 (România)#Construcția finanțată prin PNRR","url":"https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autostrada_A7_(Rom%C3%A2nia)#Construc%C8%9Bia_finan%C8%9Bat%C4%83_prin_PNRR"}]},{"id":"ro-a8","country":"ro","category":"highway","name":{"en":"A8 Târgu Mureș–Iași–Ungheni Motorway (Unirii)","ro":"Autostrada A8 Târgu Mureș–Iași–Ungheni (Unirii)"},"description":{"en":"Motorway of about 304 km, partly under construction, crossing the Eastern Carpathians to link Transylvania with Moldavia: from Târgu Mureș (A3) to Iași, then on to the Moldovan border at Ungheni (Prut crossing towards Chișinău). Also known as the Union Motorway (Autostrada Unirii) or East–West Motorway, it is part of the TEN-T Core Network. As of May 2026, eleven sections (~260 km) are under design and construction, the first contract (Leghin–Târgu Neamț) signed in September 2023; the last two sections (Târgu Frumos–Lețcani and Iași–Ungheni, ~44 km) are tendered.","ro":"Autostradă de circa 304 km, parțial în construcție, care traversează Carpații Orientali pentru a lega Transilvania de Moldova: de la Târgu Mureș (A3) la Iași și mai departe până la frontiera cu Republica Moldova la Ungheni (trecerea Prutului spre Chișinău). Cunoscută și ca Autostrada Unirii sau Autostrada Est-Vest, face parte din rețeaua centrală TEN-T. În mai 2026, unsprezece secțiuni (~260 km) erau în proiectare și execuție, primul contract (Leghin–Târgu Neamț) fiind semnat în septembrie 2023; ultimele două secțiuni (Târgu Frumos–Lețcani și Iași–Ungheni, ~44 km) erau în licitație."},"lots":[{"id":"targu-mures-ditrau","name":{"en":"Târgu Mureș – Ditrău (sections 1A–1D)","ro":"Târgu Mureș – Ditrău (secțiunile 1A–1D)"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2024-02-16","constructionStart":"2025-05","expectedOpening":"2030"},"lengthKm":92.2,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":4070,"currency":"EUR","year":2023}},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"PNRR (Next Generation EU): the Târgu Mureș–Miercurea Nirajului mountain-end lot carries an EU-imposed 2026 deadline","ro":"PNRR (Next Generation EU): lotul de capăt montan Târgu Mureș–Miercurea Nirajului are termen 2026, impus de Uniunea Europeană"},"programme":"ro-pnrr"},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Nurol","role":"builder"},{"name":"Özaltın","role":"builder"},{"name":"Spedition UMB","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"designMonths":6,"executionMonths":24},"note":{"en":"Section 1A Târgu Mureș–Miercurea Nirajului, contract signed 16 February 2024 (Nurol)"},"sources":[{"title":"economica.net","url":"https://www.economica.net/autostrada-unirii-a8-a-fost-semnat-contractul-pentru-sectiunea-i-tg-mures-miercurea-nirajului_723019.html"}],"sourceRefs":["jurnalul-ro-targu-mures-ditrau","punctul-ro-targu-mures-ditrau"],"geometryRef":"targu-mures-ditrau"},{"id":"ditrau-motca","name":{"en":"Ditrău – Moțca (DN2) (sections 2A–2C, 3)","ro":"Ditrău – Moțca (DN2) (secțiunile 2A–2C, 3)"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2023-09","constructionStart":"2023-09"},"lengthKm":118.8,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":1560,"currency":"RON","year":2023}},"profile":{"terrain":"mountain"},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)","ro":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)"},"programme":"ro-pnrr"},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"SA&PE Construct – Spedition UMB – Tehnostrade","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"designMonths":14,"executionMonths":40,"value":{"amount":1560,"currency":"RON","year":2023}},"note":{"en":"Ditrău–Grințieș (section 2A) contract, SA&PE Construct–Tehnostrade–Euro Asfalt–Spedition UMB; Leghin–Târgu Neamț signed September 2023 at RON 1.56bn (≈€313M), 6 months design + 24 months execution"},"sources":[{"title":"economica.net","url":"https://www.economica.net/autostrada-unirii-a8-38_820501.html"}],"geometryRef":"ditrau-motca"},{"id":"motca-targu-frumos","name":{"en":"Moțca – Târgu Frumos (incl. A7 junction)","ro":"Moțca – Târgu Frumos (incl. nodul A7)"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2026-04-24"},"lengthKm":27,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":4870,"currency":"RON","year":2026}},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"SAFE (Security Action for Europe): the first Romanian motorway contract financed under the programme","ro":"SAFE (Security Action for Europe): primul contract de autostradă din România finanțat prin acest program"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"SA&PE Construct – Tehnostrade – Spedition UMB – Euro Asfalt","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"designMonths":10,"executionMonths":36,"totalMonths":46,"value":{"amount":4870,"currency":"RON","year":2026}},"note":{"en":"Tronson 1 Moțca–Târgu Frumos (27 km): CNIR designated the SA&PE Construct (leader) – Tehnostrade – Spedition UMB – Euro-Asfalt association on 24 April 2026 and signed the design-and-execution contract on 28 May 2026, RON 4.87bn excluding VAT, 46 months of which 10 for design and 36 for execution. Design runs from the CNIR start order of 24 August 2026, with works due from June 2027. A priority 5.5 km segment linking the A8 to DN2 and the A7 is contracted for 12 months. Danlin XXL had won the original October 2025 award at RON 4.76bn; it was overturned on appeal and the offers re-evaluated."},"sourceRefs":["bursa-ro-motca-targu-frumos","economedia-ro-motca-targu-frumos","hotnews-ro-motca-targu-frumos","apix-ro-motca-targu-frumos","ziare-com-motca-targu-frumos","stireadeiasi-ro-motca-targu-frumos"],"geometryRef":"motca-targu-frumos"},{"id":"targu-frumos-letcani","name":{"en":"Târgu Frumos – Lețcani (sector 2)","ro":"Târgu Frumos – Lețcani (sectorul 2)"},"status":"tendered","lengthKm":28.6,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU funds","ro":"Fonduri europene"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"note":{"en":"Tendered section of the A8; the Ungheni road bridge over the Prut is to be financed from EU grants and the state budget"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a8-rom-nia"],"geometryRef":"targu-frumos-letcani"},{"id":"letcani-iasi","name":{"en":"Lețcani – Iași (sector 3)","ro":"Lețcani – Iași (sectorul 3)"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"constructionStart":"2024"},"lengthKm":17.7,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU funds","ro":"Fonduri europene"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"FCC Construcción","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"Lețcani–Iași (sector 3, 17.7 km) execution contract with FCC Construcción"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a8-rom-nia"],"geometryRef":"letcani-iasi"},{"id":"iasi-ungheni","name":{"en":"Iași – Ungheni (Moldova border, sector 4)","ro":"Iași – Ungheni (frontiera cu Republica Moldova, sectorul 4)"},"status":"tendered","lengthKm":15.47,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"The Ungheni road bridge over the Prut is to be financed from EU grants and the state budget","ro":"Podul rutier de la Ungheni peste Prut urmează a fi finanțat din fonduri europene nerambursabile și din bugetul de stat"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"note":{"en":"Tendered section of the A8; the Ungheni road bridge over the Prut is to be financed from EU grants and the state budget"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a8-rom-nia"],"geometryRef":"iasi-ungheni"}],"corridors":["ten-t-core"],"sources":[{"title":"Wikipedia: A8 motorway (Romania)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A8_motorway_(Romania)"},{"id":"wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a8-rom-nia","title":"Wikipedia (ro): Autostrada A8 (România)","url":"https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autostrada_A8_(Rom%C3%A2nia)"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright"},{"id":"jurnalul-ro-targu-mures-ditrau","title":"jurnalul.ro (dates.constructionStart)","url":"https://jurnalul.ro/bani-afaceri/economia/autostrada-a8-tg-mures-miercurea-nirajului-emisa-noua-autorizatie-construire-1022537.html"},{"id":"punctul-ro-targu-mures-ditrau","title":"punctul.ro (dates.expectedOpening)","url":"https://punctul.ro/stadiul-la-zi-a-lucrarilor-pe-toate-tronsoanele-autostrazii-unirii-a8-cand-vom-putea-circula-de-la-targu-mures-la-iasi-doar-pe-autostrada/"},{"id":"bursa-ro-motca-targu-frumos","title":"bursa.ro (dates.tenderAwarded, CNIR designation of 24 April 2026)","url":"https://www.bursa.ro/cnir-a-desemnat-constructorul-pentru-ultimul-lot-al-tronsonului-targu-neamt8209iasi8209ungheni-din-autostrada-a8-contract-de-4-87-miliarde-lei-fara-tva-26269856"},{"id":"economedia-ro-motca-targu-frumos","title":"economedia.ro (contract signature of 28 May 2026, value, contractors)","url":"https://economedia.ro/autostrada-unirii-a8-cnir-a-semnat-cu-umb-contractul-pentru-tronsonul-1-targu-neamt-targu-frumos-finantat-prin-safe.html"},{"id":"hotnews-ro-motca-targu-frumos","title":"hotnews.ro (contract.designMonths, length, overturned October 2025 award)","url":"https://hotnews.ro/autostrada-unirii-a8-contract-de-aproape-un-miliard-de-euro-pentru-primul-tronson-spre-iasi-cine-sunt-constructorii-si-cand-va-fi-gata-2098607"},{"id":"apix-ro-motca-targu-frumos","title":"apix.ro (contract.executionMonths)","url":"https://apix.ro/a-fost-semnat-contractul-pentru-executia-autostrazii-motca-targu-frumos/"},{"id":"ziare-com-motca-targu-frumos","title":"ziare.com (contract.totalMonths)","url":"https://ziare.com/autostrazi/safe-autostrada-a8-2015350"},{"id":"stireadeiasi-ro-motca-targu-frumos","title":"stireadeiasi.ro (CNIR start order, design from 24 August 2026, works from June 2027)","url":"https://www.stireadeiasi.ro/stiri-locale/autostrada-a8-leticani-iasi-motca-targu-frumos/"}]},{"id":"ro-agigea-bridges","country":"ro","category":"bridge","name":{"en":"Agigea bridges over the Danube–Black Sea Canal","ro":"Podurile de la Agigea peste Canalul Dunăre–Marea Neagră"},"description":{"en":"Two cable-stayed road bridges over the Danube–Black Sea Canal at its Agigea end, on the road link between Constanța, its southern port and the seaside resorts. The 1983 bridge, designed by a team led by engineer Octavian Strâmbu, was the first cable-stayed bridge on a Romanian national road: 290 m long, with a 162.5 m span over the navigable channel. A second, larger cable-stayed bridge, 360 m long with a 200 m central span, was built at km 0+540 and inaugurated on 19 October 2015 to relieve the original crossing.","ro":"Două poduri rutiere hobanate peste Canalul Dunăre–Marea Neagră, la capătul dinspre Agigea, pe legătura rutieră dintre Constanța, portul de sud și stațiunile de pe litoral. Podul din 1983, proiectat de o echipă condusă de inginerul Octavian Strâmbu, a fost primul pod hobanat de pe un drum național din România: 290 m lungime, cu o deschidere de 162,5 m peste șenalul navigabil. Al doilea pod hobanat, mai mare, de 360 m lungime și cu o deschidere centrală de 200 m, a fost construit la km 0+540 și inaugurat pe 19 octombrie 2015, pentru a descongestiona traversarea inițială."},"lots":[{"id":"old-bridge","name":{"en":"Old Agigea bridge (DN39)","ro":"Podul vechi de la Agigea (DN39)"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"1980","opened":"1983-06-19"},"lengthKm":0.29,"funding":[{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Octavian Strâmbu (design team lead)","role":"designer"}],"note":{"en":"290 m long, of which a 246.65 m cable-stayed structure with a 162.5 m main span over the navigable channel; built from 1980 with floating cranes and self-compacting concrete, inaugurated 19 June 1983 as Romania's first cable-stayed bridge on a national road (OpenStreetMap records the opening as 1984)"},"sourceRefs":["rador-ro"],"geometryRef":"old-bridge"},{"id":"new-bridge","name":{"en":"New Agigea bridge (km 0+540)","ro":"Podul nou de la Agigea (km 0+540)"},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"2015-10-19"},"lengthKm":0.36,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":191.8,"currency":"RON","year":2015}},"funding":[{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Apolodor","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"value":{"amount":191.8,"currency":"RON","year":2015}},"note":{"en":"Cable-stayed bridge 360 m long, 200 m central span, 17.4 m wide, at km 0+540 of the canal; the financing contract for the bridge and its access works to Constanța port was 191,797,112 lei. Inaugurated 19 October 2015 after a delay of nearly ten months, with press reporting that unrestricted traffic followed only later"},"sourceRefs":["adevarul-ro"],"geometryRef":"new-bridge"}],"sources":[{"id":"rador-ro","title":"Rador: Podul rutier de la Agigea, o minune inginerească a României","url":"https://www.rador.ro/2024/06/19/podul-rutier-de-la-agigea-o-minune-inginereasca-a-romaniei/"},{"id":"adevarul-ro","title":"Adevărul: Noul pod de la Agigea, cel mai mare pod hobanat din România","url":"https://adevarul.ro/stiri-locale/constanta/noul-pod-de-la-agigea-cel-mai-mare-pod-hobanat-1660249.html"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright"}]},{"id":"ro-anghel-saligny-bridge","country":"ro","category":"bridge","name":{"en":"Anghel Saligny Bridge (King Carol I Bridge)","ro":"Podul Anghel Saligny (Podul Regele Carol I)"},"description":{"en":"Historic railway truss bridge complex across the Danube and its Borcea branch between Cernavodă and Fetești, designed by Romanian engineer Anghel Saligny and inaugurated in 1895. At completion it was the longest bridge in Europe and the second longest in the world. It links Muntenia with Dobruja and is listed in the National Register of Historic Monuments.","ro":"Complex istoric de poduri feroviare cu grinzi cu zăbrele peste Dunăre și brațul Borcea, între Cernavodă și Fetești, proiectat de inginerul român Anghel Saligny și inaugurat în 1895. La finalizare era cel mai lung pod din Europa și al doilea din lume. Leagă Muntenia de Dobrogea și este înscris în Lista Monumentelor Istorice."},"lots":[{"id":"bridge-complex","name":{"en":"Bridge complex over the Danube, Balta Ialomiței island and the Borcea branch","ro":"Complexul de poduri peste Dunăre, insula Balta Ialomiței și brațul Borcea"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"1890","opened":"1895-09-26"},"lengthKm":4.088,"contractors":[{"name":"Anghel Saligny","role":"designer"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":60},"note":{"en":"Railway bridge complex over the Danube designed by Anghel Saligny, built 1890–1895; longest bridge in Europe at completion"},"sourceRefs":["icr-ro-bridge-complex","wikipedia-anghel-saligny-bridge"],"geometryRef":"bridge-complex"}],"sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-anghel-saligny-bridge","title":"Wikipedia: Anghel Saligny Bridge","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anghel_Saligny_Bridge"},{"id":"icr-ro-bridge-complex","title":"icr.ro","url":"https://www.icr.ro/pagini/septembrie-podul-carol-i-podul-anghel-saligny"}]},{"id":"ro-basarab-overpass","country":"ro","city":"ro-bucharest","category":"bridge","name":{"en":"Basarab Overpass, Bucharest","ro":"Pasajul Basarab, București"},"description":{"en":"Road, tram and pedestrian overpass of 1,920 m closing the inner ring of Bucharest between Nicolae Titulescu Boulevard and Grozăvești Road. It crosses the Dâmbovița river and the throat of Gara de Nord. The cable-stayed section, designed by Javier Manterola and carried on two pylons of about 84 m with 60 cables, is 44.5 m wide, the widest cable-stayed bridge in Europe. Astaldi and FCC Construcción built it between November 2006 and June 2011 at a cost of about €255 million; it carries around 50,000 vehicles a day and Bucharest's only circular tram line.","ro":"Pasaj rutier, de tramvai și pietonal de 1.920 m care închide inelul central al Bucureștiului între Bulevardul Nicolae Titulescu și Șoseaua Grozăvești. Traversează râul Dâmbovița și gâtuitura Gării de Nord. Zona hobanată, proiectată de Javier Manterola și susținută de doi piloni de circa 84 m cu 60 de hobane, are 44,5 m lățime, fiind cel mai lat pod hobanat din Europa. Astaldi și FCC Construcción l-au construit între noiembrie 2006 și iunie 2011, la un cost de circa 255 de milioane de euro; este traversat zilnic de aproximativ 50.000 de vehicule și de singura linie circulară de tramvai a Bucureștiului."},"lots":[{"id":"overpass","name":{"en":"Nicolae Titulescu – Grozăvești overpass","ro":"Pasajul Nicolae Titulescu – Grozăvești"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2006-07-10","constructionStart":"2006-11","opened":"2011-06-19"},"lengthKm":1.92,"cost":{"actual":{"amount":255,"currency":"EUR","year":2011}},"funding":[{"source":"other","detail":{"en":"Bucharest municipality","ro":"Municipiul București"}}],"contractors":[{"name":"Astaldi SpA","role":"builder"},{"name":"FCC Construcción SA","role":"builder"},{"name":"Javier Manterola","role":"designer"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":28},"note":{"en":"Built 2006–2011 by Astaldi and FCC Construcción for about €255 million; officially inaugurated 17 June 2011 and opened to traffic on 19 June 2011"},"sourceRefs":["cotidianul-ro-overpass","wikipedia-basarab-overpass"],"geometryRef":"overpass"}],"sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-basarab-overpass","title":"Wikipedia: Basarab Overpass","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basarab_Overpass"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright"},{"id":"cotidianul-ro-overpass","title":"cotidianul.ro","url":"https://www.cotidianul.ro/cat-costa-de-fapt-pasajul-basarab/"}]},{"id":"ro-braila-bridge","country":"ro","category":"bridge","name":{"en":"Brăila Bridge","ro":"Podul de la Brăila"},"description":{"en":"Suspension bridge over the Danube at Brăila, the longest in Romania and third longest in the EU by main span (1,120 m). Connects Brăila to the opposite bank towards Tulcea, ending the dependence on ferry crossings.","ro":"Pod suspendat peste Dunăre la Brăila, cel mai lung din România și al treilea din UE ca deschidere principală (1.120 m). Leagă Brăila de malul opus spre Tulcea, eliminând dependența de bac."},"lots":[{"id":"main-bridge","name":{"en":"Main bridge and access roads","ro":"Podul propriu-zis și drumurile de acces"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2018-12-19","opened":"2023-07-06"},"lengthKm":1.975,"cost":{"actual":{"amount":500,"currency":"EUR","year":2023}},"funding":[{"source":"EU"},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Webuild (Astaldi)","role":"builder"},{"name":"IHI Infrastructure Systems","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":36,"totalMonths":48},"note":{"en":"Suspension bridge over the Danube; built by Webuild (Astaldi) with IHI Infrastructure Systems, EU and national budget financed"},"sourceRefs":["romania-insider-com-main-bridge","wikipedia-br-ila-bridge"],"geometryRef":"main-bridge"}],"sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-br-ila-bridge","title":"Wikipedia: Brăila Bridge","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C4%83ila_Bridge"},{"id":"romania-insider-com-main-bridge","title":"romania-insider.com","url":"https://www.romania-insider.com/italian-japanese-consortium-danube-bridge"}]},{"id":"ro-dex-focsani-braila","country":"ro","category":"highway","name":{"en":"Focșani – Brăila Expressway","ro":"Drumul expres Focșani – Brăila"},"description":{"en":"73.5 km expressway planned across the Siret plain between the A7 Moldavia Motorway at Focșani and Brăila, connecting Moldavia to the Brăila Danube bridge, the Brăila–Galați expressway and onwards to Tulcea and Constanța. CNIR issued the start order on 14 November 2025 for a 4.29 billion lei design-and-build contract with the SA&PE Construct – Spedition UMB – Tehnostrade – Arcada consortium, running 42 months (6 for design, 36 for works). As of mid-2026 the project was in the technical-design and permitting stage, with works expected to start in autumn 2026 and completion targeted for the end of 2029.","ro":"Drum expres de 73,5 km planificat prin câmpia Siretului, între Autostrada Moldovei A7 la Focșani și Brăila, care leagă Moldova de podul de la Brăila, de drumul expres Brăila–Galați și mai departe de Tulcea și Constanța. CNIR a emis ordinul de începere pe 14 noiembrie 2025 pentru un contract de proiectare și execuție de 4,29 miliarde lei cu asocierea SA&PE Construct – Spedition UMB – Tehnostrade – Arcada, cu o durată de 42 de luni (6 pentru proiectare, 36 pentru lucrări). La mijlocul anului 2026 proiectul se afla în faza de proiect tehnic și avizare, lucrările fiind așteptate să înceapă în toamna lui 2026, cu finalizare vizată la finalul anului 2029."},"lots":[{"id":"focsani-braila","name":{"en":"Focșani (A7) – Brăila","ro":"Focșani (A7) – Brăila"},"status":"tendered","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2025-09","expectedOpening":"2029"},"lengthKm":73.5,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":5300,"currency":"RON","year":2024}},"profile":{"terrain":"plain"},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Transport Programme 2021–2027","ro":"Programul Transport 2021–2027"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"SA&PE Construct – Spedition UMB – Tehnostrade – Arcada Company","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"designMonths":6,"executionMonths":36,"totalMonths":42,"guaranteeMonths":60,"value":{"amount":4290,"currency":"RON","year":2025}},"note":{"en":"Design-and-build contract worth 4.29 billion lei; CNIR issued the start order on 14 November 2025 and the design stage began on 2 December 2025. Financed through the Transport Programme 2021–2027"},"sourceRefs":["economica-net-focsani-braila","economica-net-focsani-braila-2","agerpres-ro-focsani-braila","bursa-ro-focsani-braila","cnir-ro"],"geometryRef":"focsani-braila"}],"sources":[{"id":"cnir-ro","title":"CNIR: Start pentru Drumul Expres Focșani–Brăila","url":"https://www.cnir.ro/start-pentru-drumul-expres-focsani-braila/"},{"title":"Monitorul de Vrancea: Drumul Expres Brăila–Focșani, în etapa de pregătire a lucrărilor (4 June 2026)","url":"https://www.monitoruldevrancea.ro/2026/06/04/drumul-expres-braila-focsani-in-etapa-de-pregatire-a-lucrarilor-este-inca-un-proiect-strategic-pentru-vranceni-si-pentru-dezvoltarea-judetului/"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Highways in Romania (future timeline: Focșani–Brăila, 73.524 km)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highways_in_Romania"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry of the planned alignment, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright"},{"id":"economica-net-focsani-braila","title":"economica.net (dates.tenderAwarded)","url":"https://www.economica.net/drumul-expres-focsani-braila-4_875462.html"},{"id":"economica-net-focsani-braila-2","title":"economica.net (cost.estimated)","url":"https://www.economica.net/drumul-expres-braila-focsani-2_773804.html"},{"id":"agerpres-ro-focsani-braila","title":"agerpres.ro (contract.totalMonths)","url":"https://agerpres.ro/economic/2025/10/29/cnir-a-semnat-contracte-de-peste-10-miliarde-lei-pentru-autostrada-a8-si-drumul-expres-focsani---bra--1498134"},{"id":"bursa-ro-focsani-braila","title":"bursa.ro (contract.guaranteeMonths)","url":"https://www.bursa.ro/cnir-a-semnat-contractul-de-supervizare-a-lucrarilor-pentru-drumul-expres-focsani-braila-42565952"}]},{"id":"ro-dex12","country":"ro","category":"highway","name":{"en":"Craiova–Pitești Expressway (DEx12)","ro":"Drumul expres Craiova–Pitești (DEx12)"},"description":{"en":"Expressway (drum expres) in south-western Romania linking Craiova, Slatina and Pitești, where it branches off the A1 motorway; previously labelled A12 when planned as a motorway. 121 km long with an estimated total cost of €1.66 billion, it is nicknamed \"Autostrada Ford\" after the carmaker's Craiova plant. Opened in stages between April 2022 and July 2025, the full Craiova–Pitești route has been in service since 31 July 2025.","ro":"Drum expres în sud-vestul României care leagă Craiova, Slatina și Pitești, unde se ramifică din autostrada A1; anterior purta denumirea A12, când era planificat ca autostradă. Lung de 121 km, cu un cost total estimat la 1,66 miliarde de euro, este supranumit „Autostrada Ford” după uzina constructorului auto de la Craiova. Deschis etapizat între aprilie 2022 și iulie 2025, întreaga relație Craiova–Pitești este în serviciu din 31 iulie 2025."},"lots":[{"id":"craiova-bals","name":{"en":"Craiova – Balș","ro":"Craiova – Balș"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2018-10","constructionStart":"2019","opened":"2024-11-29"},"lengthKm":17.7,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU funds (Large Infrastructure Operational Programme)","ro":"Fonduri europene (Programul Operațional Infrastructură Mare)"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Tirrena Scavi (contract cancelled 21 December 2022 at 58.26% progress)","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":24,"value":{"amount":358.18,"currency":"RON","year":2018}},"note":{"en":"Section of the Craiova–Pitești expressway (nicknamed \"Autostrada Ford\"); total route estimated at €1.66bn. Sections 1–2 awarded October 2018, sections 3–4 signed September 2020 / August 2021"},"sourceRefs":["hotnews-ro-bals-slatina","wikipedia-dex12-expressway"],"geometryRef":"craiova-bals"},{"id":"bals-slatina","name":{"en":"Balș – Slatina","ro":"Balș – Slatina"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2018-10","constructionStart":"2019","opened":"2022-04-21"},"lengthKm":16,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU funds (Large Infrastructure Operational Programme)","ro":"Fonduri europene (Programul Operațional Infrastructură Mare)"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Spedition UMB","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":24,"value":{"amount":661.45,"currency":"RON","year":2018}},"note":{"en":"Section of the Craiova–Pitești expressway (nicknamed \"Autostrada Ford\"); total route estimated at €1.66bn. Sections 1–2 awarded October 2018, sections 3–4 signed September 2020 / August 2021"},"sourceRefs":["hotnews-ro-bals-slatina","wikipedia-dex12-expressway"],"geometryRef":"bals-slatina"},{"id":"slatina-bypass","name":{"en":"Slatina bypass","ro":"Centura Slatina"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2018-10","constructionStart":"2019","opened":"2022-07-28"},"lengthKm":21.3,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU funds (Large Infrastructure Operational Programme)","ro":"Fonduri europene (Programul Operațional Infrastructură Mare)"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Spedition UMB","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":24,"value":{"amount":792.19,"currency":"RON","year":2018}},"note":{"en":"Section of the Craiova–Pitești expressway (nicknamed \"Autostrada Ford\"); total route estimated at €1.66bn. Sections 1–2 awarded October 2018, sections 3–4 signed September 2020 / August 2021"},"sourceRefs":["hotnews-ro-bals-slatina","wikipedia-dex12-expressway"],"geometryRef":"slatina-bypass"},{"id":"slatina-colonesti","name":{"en":"Slatina – Colonești","ro":"Slatina – Colonești"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2020-09","constructionStart":"2021-05","opened":"2023-12-23"},"lengthKm":31.88,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":999.41,"currency":"RON","year":2019}},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU funds (Large Infrastructure Operational Programme)","ro":"Fonduri europene (Programul Operațional Infrastructură Mare)"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"SA&PE Construct – Spedition UMB – Tehnostrade","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":24,"totalMonths":36,"value":{"amount":670.72,"currency":"RON","year":2020}},"note":{"en":"Section of the Craiova–Pitești expressway (nicknamed \"Autostrada Ford\"); total route estimated at €1.66bn. Sections 1–2 awarded October 2018, sections 3–4 signed September 2020 / August 2021"},"sourceRefs":["zf-ro-slatina-colonesti","economica-net-slatina-colonesti","wikipedia-dex12-expressway"],"geometryRef":"slatina-colonesti"},{"id":"colonesti-albota","name":{"en":"Colonești – Albota","ro":"Colonești – Albota"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2020-09","constructionStart":"2022-03","opened":"2024-11-28"},"lengthKm":20.1,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU funds (Large Infrastructure Operational Programme)","ro":"Fonduri europene (Programul Operațional Infrastructură Mare)"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"SA&PE Construct – Spedition UMB – Tehnostrade","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"Section of the Craiova–Pitești expressway (nicknamed \"Autostrada Ford\"); total route estimated at €1.66bn. Sections 1–2 awarded October 2018, sections 3–4 signed September 2020 / August 2021"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-dex12-expressway"],"geometryRef":"colonesti-albota"},{"id":"albota-pitesti","name":{"en":"Albota – Pitești","ro":"Albota – Pitești"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2020-09","constructionStart":"2022-03","opened":"2025-07-31"},"lengthKm":11.2,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU funds (Large Infrastructure Operational Programme)","ro":"Fonduri europene (Programul Operațional Infrastructură Mare)"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"SA&PE Construct – Spedition UMB – Tehnostrade","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"Section of the Craiova–Pitești expressway (nicknamed \"Autostrada Ford\"); total route estimated at €1.66bn. Sections 1–2 awarded October 2018, sections 3–4 signed September 2020 / August 2021"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-dex12-expressway"],"geometryRef":"albota-pitesti"}],"sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-dex12-expressway","title":"Wikipedia: DEx12 expressway","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DEx12_expressway"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright"},{"id":"hotnews-ro-bals-slatina","title":"hotnews.ro","url":"https://hotnews.ro/stiri-infrastructura_articole-22846495-harta-interactiv-drumul-expres-craiova-pitesti-fost-semnate-contractele-pentru-constructia-57-pentru-circa-385-milioane-euro-unde-trece-viitoarea-sosea.htm"},{"id":"zf-ro-slatina-colonesti","title":"zf.ro","url":"https://www.zf.ro/auto/cnair-a-semnat-contractele-pentru-ultimele-doua-tronsoane-ale-19546572"},{"id":"economica-net-slatina-colonesti","title":"economica.net","url":"https://www.economica.net/autostrada-ford-cnair-a-relansat-la-licitatie-tronsonul-3-din-drumul-expres-craiova-pitesti-pentru-999-milioane-de-lei_174461.html"}]},{"id":"ro-dex16","country":"ro","category":"highway","name":{"en":"DEx16 Oradea Bypass Expressway","ro":"Drumul expres DEx16 (Centura Oradea)"},"description":{"en":"Expressway linking the Oradea bypass at Sântandrei with the A3 Transylvania Motorway at Biharia, in north-western Romania. CNAIR counts 11.636 km as expressway; the full connection built under the same contract is about 19 km, the remainder being a 2×2 national road with a median separator. Strabag designed and built it under a July 2021 contract worth 545.9 million lei excluding VAT, on a 30-month schedule (6 months design, 24 months execution). It opened in March 2024 and includes 3 interchanges, 3 bridges, 6 overpasses and 2 underpasses.","ro":"Drum expres care leagă centura Oradea, la Sântandrei, de Autostrada Transilvania A3 la Biharia, în nord-vestul României. CNAIR contabilizează 11,636 km ca drum expres; legătura completă realizată prin același contract are circa 19 km, restul fiind drum național 2×2 cu separator median. Strabag l-a proiectat și executat printr-un contract din iulie 2021 de 545,9 milioane lei fără TVA, cu o durată de 30 de luni (6 luni proiectare, 24 de luni execuție). A fost deschis în martie 2024 și cuprinde 3 noduri rutiere, 3 poduri, 6 pasaje superioare și 2 pasaje inferioare."},"lots":[{"id":"biharia-oradea","name":{"en":"Biharia (A3) – Oradea bypass","ro":"Biharia (A3) – Centura Oradea"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2021-07-21","constructionStart":"2022","opened":"2024-03-28"},"lengthKm":11.636,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":545.9,"currency":"RON","year":2021}},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU funds","ro":"Fonduri europene"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Strabag","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"designMonths":6,"executionMonths":24,"totalMonths":30,"guaranteeMonths":84,"value":{"amount":545.9,"currency":"RON","year":2021}},"note":{"en":"Design-and-build contract signed with Strabag in July 2021, 545.9 million lei excluding VAT, 30 months in total; opened to traffic in March 2024"},"sourceRefs":["hotnews-ro-biharia-oradea","economica-net-biharia-oradea","digi24-ro"],"geometryRef":"biharia-oradea"}],"operator":"ro-cnair","sources":[{"id":"digi24-ro","title":"Digi24: Un nou drum expres a fost inaugurat în România. DEx16 are 19 kilometri și a fost construit în 30 de luni","url":"https://www.digi24.ro/stiri/economie/un-nou-drum-expres-a-fost-inaugurat-in-romania-dex16-are-19-kilometri-si-a-fost-construit-in-30-de-luni-2739635"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Highways in Romania (expressway table, CNAIR figures)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highways_in_Romania"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright"},{"id":"hotnews-ro-biharia-oradea","title":"hotnews.ro (dates.tenderAwarded)","url":"https://hotnews.ro/stiri-infrastructura_articole-26981647-video-primii-kilometri-drum-expres-vestul-tarii-gata-deschidere-cum-arata-acum.htm"},{"id":"economica-net-biharia-oradea","title":"economica.net (contract.guaranteeMonths)","url":"https://www.economica.net/legatura-oradea-a3-azi-s-a-semnat-contractul-pentru-noul-drum-de-19-kilometri-va-fi-gata-in-2023-drula_523100.html"}]},{"id":"ro-dex6","country":"ro","category":"highway","name":{"en":"DEx6 Danube Expressway (Brăila – Galați)","ro":"Drumul expres DEx6 „Dunărea” (Brăila – Galați)"},"description":{"en":"Expressway between the two Lower Danube cities of Brăila and Galați (Smârdan), 19.205 km in total, replacing the two-lane DN22B. Around 12.3 km were in execution by Spedition UMB under a contract worth 371 million lei, with the remainder still to be contracted; opening was scheduled for 2026.","ro":"Drum expres între orașele dunărene Brăila și Galați (Smârdan), lung de 19,205 km în total, care înlocuiește DN22B cu două benzi. Circa 12,3 km erau în execuție cu Spedition UMB, printr-un contract de 371 de milioane de lei, restul urmând a fi contractat; deschiderea era programată pentru 2026."},"lots":[{"id":"braila-galati","name":{"en":"Brăila – Galați (Smârdan)","ro":"Brăila – Galați (Smârdan)"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"constructionStart":"2021","expectedOpening":"2026"},"lengthKm":12.28,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":371,"currency":"RON","year":2021}},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU funds","ro":"Fonduri europene"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Spedition UMB","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"value":{"amount":371,"currency":"RON","year":2021}},"note":{"en":"Of the 19.205 km of DEx6, 12.28 km were under construction and 6.925 km still to be contracted; built by Spedition UMB for 371 million lei, scheduled to open in 2026"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-gala-i-br-ila-expressway"],"geometryRef":"braila-galati"}],"operator":"ro-cnair","sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-gala-i-br-ila-expressway","title":"Wikipedia: Galați–Brăila Expressway","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gala%C8%9Bi%E2%80%93Br%C4%83ila_Expressway"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Highways in Romania (expressway table, CNAIR figures)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highways_in_Romania"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright"}]},{"id":"ro-giurgiu-ruse-bridge","country":"ro","category":"bridge","name":{"en":"Giurgiu–Ruse Friendship Bridge (Danube Bridge)","ro":"Podul Prieteniei Giurgiu–Ruse (Podul de la Giurgiu)"},"description":{"en":"Steel truss bridge over the Danube between Giurgiu (Romania) and Ruse (Bulgaria), opened in 1954 as the Friendship Bridge with aid from the Soviet Union. A double-deck road-rail bridge, it was the only bridge over the Danube shared by Romania and Bulgaria until the New Europe Bridge opened in 2013.","ro":"Pod metalic cu grinzi cu zăbrele peste Dunăre, între Giurgiu (România) și Ruse (Bulgaria), deschis în 1954 sub numele de Podul Prieteniei, cu sprijinul Uniunii Sovietice. Pod mixt rutier și feroviar pe două nivele, a fost singurul pod peste Dunăre dintre România și Bulgaria până la deschiderea Podului Noua Europă în 2013."},"lots":[{"id":"main-bridge","name":{"en":"Main bridge","ro":"Podul propriu-zis"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"1952","opened":"1954-06-20"},"lengthKm":2.224,"funding":[{"source":"other","detail":{"en":"Constructed with aid from the Soviet Union","ro":"Construit cu sprijinul Uniunii Sovietice"}}],"contractors":[{"name":"V. Andreev","role":"designer"},{"name":"N. Rudomazin","role":"designer"}],"note":{"en":"Double-deck road-rail bridge designed by Soviet engineers V. Andreev and N. Rudomazin, built 1952–1954 with Soviet aid"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-danube-bridge"],"geometryRef":"main-bridge"}],"sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-danube-bridge","title":"Wikipedia: Danube Bridge","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danube_Bridge"}]},{"id":"ro-metro-m1","country":"ro","city":"ro-bucharest","category":"railway","name":{"en":"Bucharest Metro Line M1 (Dristor 2 – Pantelimon)","ro":"Magistrala 1 de metrou București (Dristor 2 – Pantelimon)"},"description":{"en":"The oldest line of the Bucharest Metro, handed over on 16 November 1979 between Semănătoarea (now Petrache Poenaru) and Timpuri Noi. Five further sections opened by 1989 closed it into a loop around the city centre, and a single-track spur from Republica to Pantelimon followed in 1991. Metrorex records the line as 31.01 km with 22 stations. Since 4 July 2009 the 8.67 km between Eroilor and Nicolae Grigorescu have carried line M3 as well.","ro":"Cea mai veche magistrală a metroului bucureștean, dată în folosință pe 16 noiembrie 1979 între Semănătoarea (azi Petrache Poenaru) și Timpuri Noi. Alte cinci tronsoane deschise până în 1989 au închis traseul într-un inel în jurul centrului, iar în 1991 s-a adăugat racordul cu cale simplă Republica – Pantelimon. Metrorex indică 31,01 km și 22 de stații. De la 4 iulie 2009, cei 8,67 km dintre Eroilor și Nicolae Grigorescu sunt parcurși și de magistrala M3."},"lots":[{"id":"semanatoarea-timpuri-noi","name":{"en":"Section I: Semănătoarea – Timpuri Noi","ro":"Tronsonul I: Semănătoarea – Timpuri Noi"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"1975-09","opened":"1979-11-16"},"lengthKm":8.63,"note":{"en":"First section of the network: 8.63 km and 6 stations along the Dâmbovița, from the Semănătoarea works to Timpuri Noi, with the depot at Ciurel. Works on the metro began in 1975, the first train ran for passengers on 19 November 1979 and the formal inauguration followed on 19 December 1979"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-metroul-din-bucure-ti"],"geometryRef":"semanatoarea-timpuri-noi"},{"id":"timpuri-noi-republica","name":{"en":"Section II: Timpuri Noi – Republica","ro":"Tronsonul al II-lea: Timpuri Noi – Republica"},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"1981-12-28"},"lengthKm":10.1,"note":{"en":"Eastern extension of 10.1 km and 6 stations to the Republica works, opened on 28 December 1981. Nicolae Grigorescu was named Leontin Sălăjan until 1990 and Costin Georgian was named Muncii until 1992"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-metroul-din-bucure-ti"],"geometryRef":"timpuri-noi-republica"},{"id":"semanatoarea-crangasi","name":{"en":"Semănătoarea – Crângași","ro":"Semănătoarea – Crângași"},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"1984-12-22"},"lengthKm":0.97,"note":{"en":"0.97 km and one station, the first piece of the northern arc that would close the loop. Planned in 1974 as a branch from Semănătoarea to Podul Grant, a station later replaced by Crângași"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-metroul-din-bucure-ti"],"geometryRef":"semanatoarea-crangasi"},{"id":"crangasi-gara-de-nord","name":{"en":"Crângași – Gara de Nord 1","ro":"Crângași – Gara de Nord 1"},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"1987-12-24"},"lengthKm":2.83,"note":{"en":"2.83 km and one station to the main railway station. Basarab was added as an infill station on 26 August 1992 and is the interchange with line M4, because Gara de Nord 1 and Gara de Nord 2 are separate stations outside the paid area"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-metroul-din-bucure-ti"],"geometryRef":"crangasi-gara-de-nord"},{"id":"gara-de-nord-dristor","name":{"en":"Gara de Nord 1 – Dristor 2","ro":"Gara de Nord 1 – Dristor 2"},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"1989-08-17"},"lengthKm":7.8,"note":{"en":"7.8 km and 6 stations across the north and east of the centre, closing the loop at Dristor 2. Opened as line M3 and the last metro investment of the communist government; it was later renumbered into M1, and the Eroilor – Preciziei branch took the M3 number instead"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-metroul-din-bucure-ti"],"geometryRef":"gara-de-nord-dristor"},{"id":"republica-pantelimon","name":{"en":"Republica – Pantelimon","ro":"Republica – Pantelimon"},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"1991-07-07"},"lengthKm":1.43,"note":{"en":"1.43 km spur to the depot with a single station, named Antilopa until 1992. It is single track with one usable platform, so only about one train in three runs beyond Republica. Dated 7 July 1991 by the newspaper Tineretul Liber; Metrorex's own history gives May 1991 and its 2014 activity report January 1990"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-metroul-din-bucure-ti"],"geometryRef":"republica-pantelimon"}],"operator":"ro-metrorex","stationCount":22,"sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-ro-metroul-din-bucure-ti","title":"Wikipedia: Metroul din București","url":"https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metroul_din_Bucure%C8%99ti"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Bucharest Metro Line M1","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bucharest_Metro_Line_M1"},{"title":"UrbanRail.Net: Bucharest Metro","url":"https://www.urbanrail.net/eu/ro/buc/bucurest.htm"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright"}]},{"id":"ro-metro-m2","country":"ro","city":"ro-bucharest","category":"railway","name":{"en":"Bucharest Metro Line M2 (Pipera – Tudor Arghezi)","ro":"Magistrala 2 de metrou București (Pipera – Tudor Arghezi)"},"description":{"en":"The north to south line through the centre of Bucharest, and the busiest on the network with 52.5 million passengers in 2023. It opened in two steps, Piața Unirii to Depoul I.M.G.B. in January 1986 and Piața Unirii to Pipera in October 1987, with Piața Romană inserted in 1988 after having been dropped from the plan. Metrorex records 20.28 km and 15 stations. The one later addition is the surface extension to Tudor Arghezi, opened on 15 November 2023.","ro":"Magistrala nord-sud care traversează centrul Bucureștiului, cea mai încărcată din rețea, cu 52,5 milioane de călători în 2023. A fost deschisă în două etape, Piața Unirii – Depoul I.M.G.B. în ianuarie 1986 și Piața Unirii – Pipera în octombrie 1987, iar stația Piața Romană, scoasă din proiect, a fost adăugată în 1988. Metrorex indică 20,28 km și 15 stații. Singura completare ulterioară este prelungirea la suprafață până la Tudor Arghezi, dată în folosință pe 15 noiembrie 2023."},"lots":[{"id":"piata-unirii-imgb","name":{"en":"Section I: Piața Unirii 2 – Depoul I.M.G.B.","ro":"Tronsonul I: Piața Unirii 2 – Depoul I.M.G.B."},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"1986-01-24"},"lengthKm":9.96,"note":{"en":"9.96 km and 6 stations from Piața Unirii south to the I.M.G.B. works and the new depot, now Berceni. Tineretului was added on 6 April 1986 and Constantin Brâncoveanu on 5 December 1988; I.M.G.B. and Depoul I.M.G.B. were renamed Dimitrie Leonida and Berceni in 2009"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-metroul-din-bucure-ti"],"geometryRef":"piata-unirii-imgb"},{"id":"piata-unirii-pipera","name":{"en":"Section II: Piața Unirii 2 – Pipera","ro":"Tronsonul al II-lea: Piața Unirii 2 – Pipera"},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"1987-10-24"},"lengthKm":8.72,"note":{"en":"8.72 km and 5 stations north to the Pipera platform, giving the line its present shape. Piața Romană was cancelled after works had started and opened as an infill station on 28 November 1988, which is why its platforms are narrow and its pillars massive. The English article dates this section 25 October 1987"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-metroul-din-bucure-ti"],"geometryRef":"piata-unirii-pipera"},{"id":"berceni-tudor-arghezi","name":{"en":"Berceni – Tudor Arghezi","ro":"Berceni – Tudor Arghezi"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2020-04","constructionStart":"2021-01","opened":"2023-11-15"},"lengthKm":1.6,"contractors":[{"name":"Somet – TIAB – UTI – Construcții Erbașu","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"1.6 km and one station towards the southern ring road, approved in January 2020 and contracted by the Sector 4 city hall in April 2020. Built at grade, so Berceni and Tudor Arghezi are the only two surface stations on the network. Until 8 May 2024 trains ran to it as a shuttle from Berceni, because the signalling was not finished"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-bucharest-metro-line-m2"],"geometryRef":"berceni-tudor-arghezi"},{"id":"tudor-arghezi-berceni-ilfov","name":{"en":"Tudor Arghezi – Berceni (Ilfov)","ro":"Tudor Arghezi – Berceni (Ilfov)"},"status":"planned","dates":{"announced":"2022-11"},"lengthKm":3,"note":{"en":"3 km and 3 stations beyond the city boundary into Berceni commune, Ilfov county, under a protocol signed at the end of 2021. Only the length and the number of stations are published, from the pre-feasibility study completed in November 2022; the alignment drawn here is indicative"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-metroul-din-bucure-ti"],"geometryRef":"tudor-arghezi-berceni-ilfov"}],"operator":"ro-metrorex","stationCount":15,"sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-ro-metroul-din-bucure-ti","title":"Wikipedia: Metroul din București","url":"https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metroul_din_Bucure%C8%99ti"},{"id":"wikipedia-bucharest-metro-line-m2","title":"Wikipedia: Bucharest Metro Line M2","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bucharest_Metro_Line_M2"},{"title":"UrbanRail.Net: Bucharest Metro","url":"https://www.urbanrail.net/eu/ro/buc/bucurest.htm"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry of the opened sections, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright"}]},{"id":"ro-metro-m3","country":"ro","city":"ro-bucharest","category":"railway","name":{"en":"Bucharest Metro Line M3 (Preciziei – Anghel Saligny)","ro":"Magistrala 3 de metrou București (Preciziei – Anghel Saligny)"},"description":{"en":"The east to west line of the Bucharest Metro, made of two branches that own no track between them. The western branch from Eroilor to Industriilor, now Preciziei, opened on 19 August 1983 as a branch of M1; the eastern branch from Nicolae Grigorescu to Anghel Saligny was started in 1988, abandoned in 1996 with the tunnels flooded, restarted in 2004 and opened in November 2008. The two ran as separate shuttles until 4 July 2009, when they were joined over the M1 tracks between Eroilor and Nicolae Grigorescu. Metrorex therefore gives the line as 13.53 km plus 8.67 km shared with M1.","ro":"Magistrala est-vest a metroului bucureștean, formată din două ramuri între care nu deține linie proprie. Ramura de vest, Eroilor – Industriilor (azi Preciziei), a fost deschisă pe 19 august 1983 ca derivație a magistralei 1; ramura de est, Nicolae Grigorescu – Anghel Saligny, a fost începută în 1988, abandonată în 1996 cu tunelurile inundate, reluată în 2004 și dată în folosință în noiembrie 2008. Cele două au funcționat ca navete separate până pe 4 iulie 2009, când au fost unite pe liniile M1 dintre Eroilor și Nicolae Grigorescu. Metrorex indică de aceea 13,53 km plus 8,67 km în comun cu M1."},"lots":[{"id":"eroilor-industriilor","name":{"en":"Western branch: Eroilor – Industriilor (Preciziei)","ro":"Ramura de vest: Eroilor – Industriilor (Preciziei)"},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"1983-08-19"},"lengthKm":8.63,"note":{"en":"8.63 km and 4 stations west from Eroilor to the Industriilor works and depot, planned in 1974 as a branch of the first line and opened on 19 August 1983. Gorjului was added later, its westbound platform in August 1994 and its eastbound platform in 1998. Industriilor and Armata Poporului were renamed Preciziei and Lujerului in 2009"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-metroul-din-bucure-ti"],"geometryRef":"eroilor-industriilor"},{"id":"eroilor-nicolae-grigorescu-shared","name":{"en":"Eroilor – Nicolae Grigorescu (shared with M1)","ro":"Eroilor – Nicolae Grigorescu (comună cu M1)"},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"2009-07-04"},"lengthKm":8.67,"sharedWith":"ro-metro-m1","note":{"en":"M3 trains use the M1 tracks over the 8.67 km and 7 stations between Eroilor and Nicolae Grigorescu, which opened in 1979 and 1981 as part of M1. Through running started on 4 July 2009 and joined the line's two shuttles; Metrorex lists the section separately as 8.67 km (M1)"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-bucharest-metro"],"geometryRef":"eroilor-nicolae-grigorescu-shared"},{"id":"nicolae-grigorescu-anghel-saligny","name":{"en":"Eastern branch: Nicolae Grigorescu 2 – Anghel Saligny","ro":"Ramura de est: Nicolae Grigorescu 2 – Anghel Saligny"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"1988","opened":"2008-11-20"},"lengthKm":4.75,"cost":{"actual":{"amount":145,"currency":"EUR","year":2008}},"events":[{"kind":"construction_start","date":"1988","sourceRef":"wikipedia-ro-metroul-din-bucure-ti"},{"kind":"suspended","date":"1996","note":{"en":"Works stopped with the tunnels flooded."},"sourceRef":"wikipedia-ro-metroul-din-bucure-ti"},{"kind":"resumed","date":"2004","sourceRef":"wikipedia-ro-metroul-din-bucure-ti"},{"kind":"opened","date":"2008-11-20","sourceRef":"wikipedia-ro-metroul-din-bucure-ti"}],"note":{"en":"4.75 km and 4 stations east to Linia de Centură, renamed Anghel Saligny in 2009. Works began in 1988, stopped in 1996 with the tunnels flooded and resumed in 2004; the section opened as a shuttle. Ziarul Financiar reported the investment at €145 million, with no price year stated, recorded here at 2008 prices. The Romanian article dates the opening 19 November 2008 and the English article and UrbanRail 20 November"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-bucharest-metro-line-m3","wikipedia-ro-metroul-din-bucure-ti"],"geometryRef":"nicolae-grigorescu-anghel-saligny"}],"operator":"ro-metrorex","sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-ro-metroul-din-bucure-ti","title":"Wikipedia: Metroul din București","url":"https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metroul_din_Bucure%C8%99ti"},{"id":"wikipedia-bucharest-metro-line-m3","title":"Wikipedia: Bucharest Metro Line M3","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bucharest_Metro_Line_M3"},{"id":"wikipedia-bucharest-metro","title":"Wikipedia: Bucharest Metro (line lengths, Metrorex activity report 2018)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bucharest_Metro"},{"title":"UrbanRail.Net: Bucharest Metro","url":"https://www.urbanrail.net/eu/ro/buc/bucurest.htm"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright"}]},{"id":"ro-metro-m4","country":"ro","city":"ro-bucharest","category":"railway","name":{"en":"Bucharest Metro Line M4 (Gara de Nord 2 – Străulești)","ro":"Magistrala 4 de metrou București (Gara de Nord 2 – Străulești)"},"description":{"en":"The shortest line of the Bucharest Metro, running north-west from Gara de Nord 2 along Calea Griviței and Bucureștii Noi to Străulești. Construction started in September 1989 and stopped after the revolution, so the first section opened only on 1 March 2000, followed by Parc Bazilescu in 2011 and Străulești in 2017, all financed with European Investment Bank loans. Metrorex records 7.44 km and 8 stations in operation. The section from Gara de Nord 2 to 1 Mai will also carry line M6 to the airport, and an 11 km southern extension to Gara Progresul went to tender in April 2024.","ro":"Cea mai scurtă magistrală a metroului bucureștean, care merge spre nord-vest de la Gara de Nord 2, pe Calea Griviței și Bucureștii Noi, până la Străulești. Construcția a început în septembrie 1989 și s-a oprit după revoluție, astfel că primul tronson a fost deschis abia pe 1 martie 2000, urmat de Parc Bazilescu în 2011 și Străulești în 2017, toate finanțate din împrumuturi de la Banca Europeană de Investiții. Metrorex indică 7,44 km și 8 stații în funcțiune. Tronsonul Gara de Nord 2 – 1 Mai va fi parcurs și de magistrala M6 spre aeroport, iar prelungirea de 11 km spre sud, până la Gara Progresul, a fost scoasă la licitație în aprilie 2024."},"lots":[{"id":"gara-de-nord-1-mai","name":{"en":"Section I: Gara de Nord 2 – 1 Mai","ro":"Tronsonul I: Gara de Nord 2 – 1 Mai"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"1989-09","opened":"2000-03-01"},"lengthKm":3.6,"funding":[{"source":"loan","detail":{"en":"European Investment Bank loan","ro":"Împrumut de la Banca Europeană de Investiții"},"programme":"eib-loan"}],"note":{"en":"3.6 km and 4 stations, the first line begun under the communist government and finished after it. Tunnelling reached as far as today's Parc Bazilescu before works were abandoned and restarted in the 1990s. Basarab 2 is a four-track station with the M1 tracks between the M4 tracks. Ziarul Financiar reported the investment at €220 million; no price year is published for a spend running from 1989 to 2000, so no cost is recorded. Line M6 will share this section"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-metroul-din-bucure-ti"],"geometryRef":"gara-de-nord-1-mai"},{"id":"1-mai-parc-bazilescu","name":{"en":"1 Mai – Jiului – Parc Bazilescu","ro":"1 Mai – Jiului – Parc Bazilescu"},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"2011-07-01"},"lengthKm":2.62,"funding":[{"source":"loan","detail":{"en":"European Investment Bank loan","ro":"Împrumut de la Banca Europeană de Investiții"},"programme":"eib-loan"}],"note":{"en":"2.62 km and 2 stations, Jiului and Parc Bazilescu. Parc Bazilescu was not in the original plan and was built to bring the section into service sooner"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-metroul-din-bucure-ti"],"geometryRef":"1-mai-parc-bazilescu"},{"id":"parc-bazilescu-straulesti","name":{"en":"Parc Bazilescu – Străulești","ro":"Parc Bazilescu – Străulești"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2013","opened":"2017-03-31"},"lengthKm":2.1,"funding":[{"source":"loan","detail":{"en":"European Investment Bank loan","ro":"Împrumut de la Banca Europeană de Investiții"},"programme":"eib-loan"}],"note":{"en":"2.1 km and 2 stations, Laminorului and Străulești, together with the Străulești depot and an interchange with the surface network. Works started in 2013, tunnelling was finished on 3 September 2015 and the stations opened on 31 March 2017. The English article gives this section as 1.89 km and the M4 article as 1.6 km"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-metroul-din-bucure-ti"],"geometryRef":"parc-bazilescu-straulesti"},{"id":"gara-de-nord-gara-progresul","name":{"en":"Southern extension: Gara de Nord – Gara Progresul","ro":"Prelungirea spre sud: Gara de Nord – Gara Progresul"},"status":"tendered","dates":{"announced":"2024-04"},"lengthKm":11,"note":{"en":"About 11 km and 14 new stations south from Gara de Nord along Berzei, Vasile Pârvan, Hașdeu, Izvor, 13 Septembrie, Tudor Vladimirescu, Șoseaua Viilor and Șoseaua Giurgiului to Gara Progresul, where a depot is planned. Route from the revised feasibility study presented in November 2020; the tender was launched on 26 April 2024. The English article gives the planned length as 10.6 km. The alignment drawn here follows those streets and is indicative"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-metroul-din-bucure-ti"],"geometryRef":"gara-de-nord-gara-progresul"}],"operator":"ro-metrorex","sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-ro-metroul-din-bucure-ti","title":"Wikipedia: Metroul din București","url":"https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metroul_din_Bucure%C8%99ti"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Bucharest Metro Line M4","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bucharest_Metro_Line_M4"},{"title":"UrbanRail.Net: Bucharest Metro","url":"https://www.urbanrail.net/eu/ro/buc/bucurest.htm"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry of the opened sections, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright"}]},{"id":"ro-metro-m5","country":"ro","city":"ro-bucharest","category":"railway","name":{"en":"Bucharest Metro Line M5 (Drumul Taberei)","ro":"Magistrala 5 de metrou București (Drumul Taberei)"},"description":{"en":"Newest line of the Bucharest Metro, serving the dense Drumul Taberei district. The first phase runs 6.9 km from Râul Doamnei to Eroilor with 10 stations, including the Valea Ialomiței branch towards the depot; construction started in April 2011 and, after repeated delays, the line opened on 15 September 2020 at an expected cost of €708.6 million with EU support. Phase II would extend the line east from Eroilor under the city centre to Iancului, and a third phase on to Pantelimon on the M1.","ro":"Cea mai nouă magistrală a metroului bucureștean, care deservește cartierul dens Drumul Taberei. Prima etapă are 6,9 km, de la Râul Doamnei la Eroilor, cu 10 stații, inclusiv ramura Valea Ialomiței spre depou; construcția a început în aprilie 2011 și, după amânări repetate, linia a fost deschisă pe 15 septembrie 2020, la un cost estimat de 708,6 milioane de euro, cu sprijin european. Etapa a II-a ar prelungi linia spre est, de la Eroilor pe sub centrul orașului până la Iancului, iar o a treia etapă până la Pantelimon, pe M1."},"lots":[{"id":"phase1-raul-doamnei-eroilor","name":{"en":"Phase I: Râul Doamnei – Eroilor (with the Valea Ialomiței branch)","ro":"Etapa I: Râul Doamnei – Eroilor (cu ramura Valea Ialomiței)"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2011-04","opened":"2020-09-15"},"lengthKm":6.9,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":708.6,"currency":"EUR","year":2011}},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"European Commission co-financing (Extension of Bucharest Metro Line 5)","ro":"Cofinanțare a Comisiei Europene (extinderea magistralei 5 de metrou)"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Astaldi – FCC – AB Construct – Delta ACM","role":"builder"},{"name":"Max Bögl (Romancierilor – Valea Ialomiței section)","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"10 stations over 6.9 km; construction from April 2011, opened 15 September 2020, expected cost €708.6 million"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-bucharest-metro-line-m5"],"geometryRef":"phase1-raul-doamnei-eroilor"},{"id":"phase2-eroilor-iancului","name":{"en":"Phase II: Eroilor – Universitate – Iancului","ro":"Etapa a II-a: Eroilor – Universitate – Iancului"},"status":"planned","lengthKm":5.4,"note":{"en":"Six new stations under the city centre between Eroilor and Iancului; no construction contract awarded, Metrorex estimates quoted an opening around 2025 that has not been met"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-bucharest-metro-line-m5"],"geometryRef":"phase2-eroilor-iancului"},{"id":"phase3-iancului-pantelimon","name":{"en":"Phase III: Iancului – Pantelimon","ro":"Etapa a III-a: Iancului – Pantelimon"},"status":"planned","lengthKm":3.8,"note":{"en":"Six stations along Șoseaua Iancului to the M1 station at Pantelimon; on hold, estimated for 2032"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-bucharest-metro-line-m5"],"geometryRef":"phase3-iancului-pantelimon"}],"operator":"ro-metrorex","stationCount":10,"sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-bucharest-metro-line-m5","title":"Wikipedia: Bucharest Metro Line M5","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bucharest_Metro_Line_M5"},{"title":"European Commission: Extension to Bucharest metro to improve links with western districts of the city","url":"https://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/projects/projects-database/extension-to-bucharest-metro-to-improve-links-with-western-districts-of-the-city_en","retrievedOn":"2026-08-14"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry of the opened section, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright"}]},{"id":"ro-metro-m6","country":"ro","city":"ro-bucharest","category":"railway","name":{"en":"Bucharest Metro Line M6 (Gara de Nord – Otopeni Airport)","ro":"Magistrala 6 de metrou București (Gara de Nord – Aeroportul Otopeni)"},"description":{"en":"Metro line under construction between Bucharest's main railway station, Gara de Nord, and Henri Coandă International Airport at Otopeni: about 17.8 km with 16 stations, four of them shared with line M4. Phase II (1 Mai–Tokyo, 6.6 km, 6 stations) started in December 2023 and phase III (Tokyo–Airport, 7.6 km, 6 stations) in March 2025, with completion expected by 2028. The estimated €1.2 billion cost is covered from the national budget, EU funds and a JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency) loan. It will be the airport's second rail connection, after the Gara de Nord–Otopeni surface link that opened in 2020.","ro":"Magistrală de metrou în construcție între Gara de Nord și Aeroportul Internațional Henri Coandă de la Otopeni: circa 17,8 km și 16 stații, dintre care patru comune cu magistrala M4. Etapa a II-a (1 Mai–Tokyo, 6,6 km, 6 stații) a început în decembrie 2023, iar etapa a III-a (Tokyo–Aeroport, 7,6 km, 6 stații) în martie 2025, finalizarea fiind așteptată până în 2028. Costul estimat de 1,2 miliarde de euro este acoperit din bugetul de stat, fonduri europene și un împrumut JICA (Agenția Japoneză de Cooperare Internațională). Va fi a doua legătură pe șină a aeroportului, după legătura feroviară de suprafață Gara de Nord–Otopeni, dată în folosință în 2020."},"lots":[{"id":"phase1-gara-de-nord-1-mai","name":{"en":"Phase I: Gara de Nord – 1 Mai (shared with M4)","ro":"Etapa I: Gara de Nord – 1 Mai (comună cu M4)"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"1989","opened":"2000"},"lengthKm":3.6,"sharedWith":"ro-metro-m4","note":{"en":"The four stations between Gara de Nord and 1 Mai were built from 1989 and opened in 2000 as part of line M4; M6 trains will share them"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-bucharest-metro-line-m6"],"geometryRef":"phase1-gara-de-nord-1-mai"},{"id":"phase2-1mai-tokyo","name":{"en":"Phase II: 1 Mai – Tokyo","ro":"Etapa a II-a: 1 Mai – Tokyo"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"constructionStart":"2023-12","expectedOpening":"2027"},"lengthKm":6.6,"funding":[{"source":"EU"},{"source":"national_budget"},{"source":"loan","detail":{"en":"JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency) loan","ro":"Împrumut JICA (Agenția Japoneză de Cooperare Internațională)"},"programme":"jica-loan"}],"note":{"en":"Six new stations (Pajura, Expoziției, Piața Montreal, Gara Băneasa, Aeroportul Băneasa and others) on the 6.6 km between 1 Mai and Tokyo; works started December 2023, expected in service 2027. Total M6 cost estimated at €1.2 billion"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-bucharest-metro-line-m6"],"geometryRef":"phase2-1mai-tokyo"},{"id":"phase3-tokyo-airport","name":{"en":"Phase III: Tokyo – Henri Coandă Airport","ro":"Etapa a III-a: Tokyo – Aeroportul Henri Coandă"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"constructionStart":"2025-03","expectedOpening":"2028"},"lengthKm":7.6,"funding":[{"source":"EU"},{"source":"national_budget"},{"source":"loan","detail":{"en":"JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency) loan","ro":"Împrumut JICA (Agenția Japoneză de Cooperare Internațională)"},"programme":"jica-loan"}],"note":{"en":"Six stations over 7.6 km from Tokyo to the airport terminal; works started March 2025, the whole line expected to be completed by 2028"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-bucharest-metro-line-m6"],"geometryRef":"phase3-tokyo-airport"}],"stationCount":16,"sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-bucharest-metro-line-m6","title":"Wikipedia: Bucharest Metro Line M6","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bucharest_Metro_Line_M6"}]},{"id":"ro-new-europe-bridge","country":"ro","category":"bridge","name":{"en":"New Europe Bridge (Vidin–Calafat)","ro":"Podul Noua Europă (Calafat–Vidin)"},"description":{"en":"Extradosed road-rail bridge over the Danube between Calafat (Romania) and Vidin (Bulgaria), also known as Danube Bridge 2. The second bridge on the shared Romanian–Bulgarian section of the Danube, it carries four road lanes, one railway track and a bicycle/pedestrian path, and is part of Pan-European Corridor IV and European route E79. Built by the Spanish company FCC Construcción.","ro":"Pod extradosat rutier și feroviar peste Dunăre, între Calafat (România) și Vidin (Bulgaria), cunoscut și ca Dunăv Most 2. Al doilea pod pe sectorul româno-bulgar al Dunării, are patru benzi rutiere, o linie de cale ferată și o pistă pentru biciclete/pietoni, făcând parte din Coridorul Paneuropean IV și din drumul european E79. Construit de compania spaniolă FCC Construcción."},"lots":[{"id":"main-bridge","name":{"en":"Main bridge","ro":"Podul propriu-zis"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2007-01-30","constructionStart":"2007-05-13","opened":"2013-06-14"},"lengthKm":1.971,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":99,"currency":"EUR","year":2000},"actual":{"amount":145.46,"currency":"EUR","year":2013}},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Co-financed through the EU ISPA pre-accession instrument; design study financed by the PHARE programme","ro":"Cofinanțat prin instrumentul UE de preaderare ISPA; studiul de proiectare finanțat prin programul PHARE"},"programme":"eu-ispa"},{"source":"loan","detail":{"en":"European Investment Bank credit loan of €50 million granted in December 2000","ro":"Credit de 50 de milioane de euro acordat de Banca Europeană de Investiții în decembrie 2000"},"programme":"eib-loan","amount":{"amount":50,"currency":"EUR","year":2000}}],"contractors":[{"name":"FCC Construcción","role":"builder"},{"name":"Fernández Casado","role":"designer"}],"contract":{"totalMonths":38,"value":{"amount":99.955948,"currency":"EUR","year":2007}},"note":{"en":"Combined road-rail bridge Vidin–Calafat; builder FCC Construcción, designer Fernández Casado; ISPA/PHARE support plus a €50M EIB credit (December 2000)"},"sourceRefs":["bta-bg-main-bridge","web-archive-org-main-bridge","wikipedia-new-europe-bridge"],"geometryRef":"main-bridge"}],"corridors":["pan-european-iv"],"sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-new-europe-bridge","title":"Wikipedia: New Europe Bridge","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Europe_Bridge"},{"id":"bta-bg-main-bridge","title":"bta.bg (dates.tenderAwarded)","url":"https://www.bta.bg/bg/news/212492-Dunav-most-2-pri-Vidin-Kalafat-istoriya-na-poveche-ot-vek"},{"id":"web-archive-org-main-bridge","title":"web.archive.org (cost.actual)","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20131205223928/http://www.focus-news.net/news/0000/00/00/1794388/"}]},{"id":"ro-rail-brasov-sighisoara","country":"ro","category":"railway","name":{"en":"Brașov – Sighișoara railway rehabilitation (Corridor IV)","ro":"Reabilitarea liniei CF Brașov – Sighișoara (Coridorul IV)"},"description":{"en":"Rehabilitation of the Brașov–Sighișoara section of the Brașov–Simeria main line, the missing link of the Rhine–Danube (Pan-European IV) rail corridor, for 160 km/h passenger and 120 km/h freight traffic. The work is contracted in three subsections to the RailWorks consortium (Alstom, Aktor, Arcada, Euro Construct Trading '98). Subsections 1 and 3, Brașov–Apața and Cața–Sighișoara, total 84 km under a single RON 3.44 billion contract. Subsection 2, Apața–Cața, has a RON 2.86 billion contract that shortens the winding Olt valley alignment from 43.95 km to 28.2 km through the Ormeniș and Homorod tunnels; at roughly 7 km and 5 km these will be by far the longest railway tunnels in Romania, and four tunnel boring machines entered the Racoș mountains in 2024–2025. Contractual completion is October 2026 for the tunnelled middle subsection and April 2027 for the end subsections; the government approved a €630 million EIB loan for the project.","ro":"Reabilitarea secțiunii Brașov–Sighișoara din magistrala Brașov–Simeria, veriga lipsă a coridorului feroviar Rin–Dunăre (IV pan-european), pentru viteze de 160 km/h la trenurile de călători și 120 km/h la marfă. Lucrările sunt contractate pe trei subsecțiuni cu asocierea RailWorks (Alstom, Aktor, Arcada, Euro Construct Trading '98). Subsecțiunile 1 și 3, Brașov–Apața și Cața–Sighișoara, însumează 84 km printr-un singur contract de 3,44 miliarde lei. Subsecțiunea 2, Apața–Cața, are un contract de 2,86 miliarde lei care scurtează traseul sinuos din valea Oltului de la 43,95 km la 28,2 km prin tunelurile Ormeniș și Homorod; cu circa 7 km și 5 km, acestea vor fi de departe cele mai lungi tuneluri feroviare din România, iar patru scuturi de forat au intrat în munții din zona Racoș în 2024–2025. Termenele contractuale sunt octombrie 2026 pentru subsecțiunea cu tuneluri și aprilie 2027 pentru subsecțiunile de capăt; Guvernul a aprobat un împrumut BEI de 630 de milioane de euro pentru proiect."},"lots":[{"id":"s1-brasov-apata","name":{"en":"Subsection 1: Brașov – Apața","ro":"Subsecțiunea 1: Brașov – Apața"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2020-03","expectedOpening":"2027-04"},"lengthKm":40.9,"profile":{"works":"rehabilitation","maxSpeedKmh":160},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Connecting Europe Facility (82%)","ro":"Mecanismul pentru Interconectarea Europei (82%)"},"coFinancingRate":0.82},{"source":"national_budget","detail":{"en":"State budget (18%)","ro":"Bugetul de stat (18%)"},"coFinancingRate":0.18},{"source":"loan","detail":{"en":"€630 million European Investment Bank loan approved for the Brașov–Sighișoara line","ro":"Împrumut de 630 de milioane de euro de la BEI pentru linia Brașov–Sighișoara"},"programme":"eib-loan"}],"contractors":[{"name":"RailWorks (Alstom Transport – Aktor – Arcada Company – Euro Construct Trading '98)","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":48,"guaranteeMonths":60,"value":{"amount":3437.45,"currency":"RON","year":2020}},"note":{"en":"Subsections 1 and 3 were awarded together in March 2020 to RailWorks: 84 km in total for RON 3,437,453,580.88 excluding VAT, 48 months of execution plus 60 months of guarantee. The per-subsection split shown here is measured from OpenStreetMap geometry"},"sourceRefs":["cfr-ro"],"geometryRef":"s1-brasov-apata"},{"id":"s2-apata-cata","name":{"en":"Subsection 2: Apața – Cața","ro":"Subsecțiunea 2: Apața – Cața"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2020-09","expectedOpening":"2026-10"},"lengthKm":28.2,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":2860,"currency":"RON","year":2020}},"profile":{"works":"rehabilitation","maxSpeedKmh":160},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Connecting Europe Facility (82%)","ro":"Mecanismul pentru Interconectarea Europei (82%)"},"coFinancingRate":0.82},{"source":"national_budget","detail":{"en":"State budget (18%)","ro":"Bugetul de stat (18%)"},"coFinancingRate":0.18}],"contractors":[{"name":"RailWorks (Alstom Transport – Aktor – Arcada Company – Euro Construct Trading '98)","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"value":{"amount":2860,"currency":"RON","year":2020}},"note":{"en":"Awarded September 2020 for RON 2.86 billion (€585.53 million), four-year duration; the new alignment through the Ormeniș and Homorod tunnels shortens the subsection from 43.95 km to 28.2 km. Geometry shown here follows the existing line"},"sourceRefs":["railwaypro-com"],"geometryRef":"s2-apata-cata"},{"id":"s3-cata-sighisoara","name":{"en":"Subsection 3: Cața – Sighișoara","ro":"Subsecțiunea 3: Cața – Sighișoara"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2020-03","constructionStart":"2020-04","expectedOpening":"2028-06"},"lengthKm":43.6,"profile":{"works":"rehabilitation","maxSpeedKmh":160},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Connecting Europe Facility (82%)","ro":"Mecanismul pentru Interconectarea Europei (82%)"},"coFinancingRate":0.82},{"source":"national_budget","detail":{"en":"State budget (18%)","ro":"Bugetul de stat (18%)"},"coFinancingRate":0.18}],"contractors":[{"name":"RailWorks (Alstom Transport – Aktor – Arcada Company – Euro Construct Trading '98)","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":48,"totalMonths":108,"guaranteeMonths":60,"value":{"amount":3437.45,"currency":"RON","year":2020}},"note":{"en":"Part of the same RON 3.44 billion contract as subsection 1 (84 km together, 48 months of execution plus 60 months of guarantee). The per-subsection split shown here is measured from OpenStreetMap geometry"},"sourceRefs":["cfr-ro-s3-cata-sighisoara","cfr-ro-s3-cata-sighisoara-2","cfr-ro"],"geometryRef":"s3-cata-sighisoara"}],"corridors":["pan-european-iv","ten-t-rhine-danube"],"operator":"ro-cfr","sources":[{"id":"cfr-ro","title":"CFR SA: Brașov–Sighișoara, subsecțiunile 1, 2 și 3","url":"https://cfr.ro/reabilitarea-liniei-de-cale-ferata-brasov-simeria-componenta-a-coridorului-rin-dunare-pentru-circulatia-trenurilor-cu-viteza-maxima-de-160-km-h-sectiunea-brasov-sighisoara-subsectiunile/"},{"id":"railwaypro-com","title":"Railway PRO: Contract signed to modernise a new section on Sighișoara–Brașov line","url":"https://www.railwaypro.com/wp/romania-signs-a-new-modernisation-contract-on-rhine-danube-corridor/"},{"title":"Tunnels & Tunnelling: AKTOR enters Racoș mountains using four TBMs on new railway","url":"https://www.tunnelsandtunnelling.com/news/aktor-enters-racos-mountains-using-four-tbms-on-new-railway/"},{"title":"Club Feroviar: BEI dă 630 de milioane de euro pentru calea ferată Brașov–Sighișoara","url":"https://clubferoviar.ro/bei-calea-ferata-brasov-sighisoara/"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry of CFR line 300, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright"},{"id":"cfr-ro-s3-cata-sighisoara","title":"cfr.ro (dates.expectedOpening)","url":"https://cfr.ro/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/Stadiu-implementare-Brasov-Sighisoara.pdf"},{"id":"cfr-ro-s3-cata-sighisoara-2","title":"cfr.ro (dates.constructionStart)","url":"https://cfr.ro/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/Bv-Sighisoara-S1si-S3-Prezentare.pdf"}]},{"id":"ro-rail-bucharest-constanta","country":"ro","category":"railway","name":{"en":"Bucharest – Constanța railway (CFR Line 800) upgrade","ro":"Modernizarea liniei CF București – Constanța (magistrala CFR 800)"},"description":{"en":"Upgrade of CFR's main line between Bucharest and the Black Sea port of Constanța, via Ciulnița, Fetești and Medgidia. Since July 2014 passenger trains run at up to 160 km/h and freight trains at up to 120 km/h on most of the route; the fastest trains cover the 225 km between Bucharest and Constanța in under two hours.","ro":"Modernizarea magistralei CFR dintre București și portul Constanța la Marea Neagră, prin Ciulnița, Fetești și Medgidia. Din iulie 2014 trenurile de călători circulă cu până la 160 km/h, iar cele de marfă cu până la 120 km/h pe cea mai mare parte a traseului; cele mai rapide trenuri parcurg cei 225 km dintre București și Constanța în mai puțin de două ore."},"lots":[{"id":"bucuresti-constanta","name":{"en":"Bucharest – Constanța","ro":"București – Constanța"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2007","opened":"2014-07"},"lengthKm":225,"profile":{"works":"upgrade","maxSpeedKmh":160},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU co-financed upgrade of the Bucharest–Constanța line (TEN-T Rhine–Danube Corridor)","ro":"Modernizare cofinanțată de Uniunea Europeană a liniei București–Constanța (Coridorul TEN-T Rin–Dunăre)"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"note":{"en":"Line 800 upgrade to 160 km/h for passenger and 120 km/h for freight traffic, completed by July 2014"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-c-ile-ferate-rom-ne-line-800"],"geometryRef":"bucuresti-constanta"}],"operator":"ro-cfr","sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-c-ile-ferate-rom-ne-line-800","title":"Wikipedia: Căile Ferate Române Line 800","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C4%83ile_Ferate_Rom%C3%A2ne_Line_800"},{"title":"Capital: Premieră absolută în România: Un tren circulă cu 160 km/h pe oră!","url":"http://www.capital.ro/premiera-absoluta-in-romania-un-tren-circula-cu-160-km-h-pe-ora.html"}]},{"id":"ro-rail-cluj-oradea","country":"ro","category":"railway","name":{"en":"Cluj-Napoca – Oradea – Episcopia Bihor railway rehabilitation","ro":"Reabilitarea liniei CF Cluj-Napoca – Oradea – Episcopia Bihor"},"description":{"en":"EU-funded rehabilitation of the main railway between Cluj-Napoca and the Hungarian border at Episcopia Bihor, upgrading speeds and capacity on the Transylvanian corridor.","ro":"Reabilitarea cu fonduri europene a magistralei feroviare dintre Cluj-Napoca și granița cu Ungaria la Episcopia Bihor, pentru viteze și capacitate mai mari pe coridorul transilvănean."},"lots":[{"id":"cluj-oradea","name":{"en":"Cluj-Napoca – Oradea","ro":"Cluj-Napoca – Oradea"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"constructionStart":"2022"},"lengthKm":166,"profile":{"works":"rehabilitation"},"funding":[{"source":"EU"},{"source":"national_budget"}],"note":{"en":"EU-funded rehabilitation of the Cluj-Napoca–Oradea–Episcopia Bihor main line (TEN-T Rhine–Danube Corridor)"},"sourceRefs":["cfr-ro"],"geometryRef":"cluj-oradea"}],"corridors":["ten-t-rhine-danube"],"operator":"ro-cfr","sources":[{"id":"cfr-ro","title":"CFR Infrastructură: projects","url":"https://www.cfr.ro"}]},{"id":"ro-rail-curtici-simeria","country":"ro","category":"railway","name":{"en":"Frontieră – Curtici – Simeria railway rehabilitation (Corridor IV)","ro":"Reabilitarea liniei CF Frontieră – Curtici – Simeria (Coridorul IV)"},"description":{"en":"Rehabilitation of the double-track main line from the Hungarian border at Curtici through Arad and Radna to Simeria, the western part of the Romanian branch of Pan-European Corridor IV, for 160 km/h passenger and 120 km/h freight traffic with ERTMS/ETCS Level 2 signalling. Section 1 (border–Curtici–Arad–km 614, 41.185 km) was completed in 2016. Sections 2 (km 614–Gurasada) and 3 (Gurasada–Simeria) received RON 9.5 billion (about €2 billion) of financing, 75% of it from the Cohesion Fund, and are still in execution; they aim to cut the Arad–Simeria journey from 146 to 74 minutes.","ro":"Reabilitarea magistralei duble de la granița cu Ungaria, de la Curtici prin Arad și Radna până la Simeria, partea vestică a ramurii românești a Coridorului IV pan-european, pentru viteze de 160 km/h la trenurile de călători și 120 km/h la marfă, cu semnalizare ERTMS/ETCS nivel 2. Tronsonul 1 (frontieră–Curtici–Arad–km 614, 41,185 km) a fost finalizat în 2016. Tronsoanele 2 (km 614–Gurasada) și 3 (Gurasada–Simeria) au primit o finanțare de 9,5 miliarde lei (circa 2 miliarde de euro), 75% din Fondul de Coeziune, și sunt încă în execuție; timpul de parcurs Arad–Simeria ar urma să scadă de la 146 la 74 de minute."},"lots":[{"id":"t1-frontiera-arad","name":{"en":"Section 1: Border – Curtici – Arad – km 614","ro":"Tronsonul 1: Frontieră – Curtici – Arad – km 614"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2012-02-15","constructionStart":"2012-04","opened":"2016"},"lengthKm":41.185,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":1080,"currency":"RON","year":2012}},"profile":{"works":"rehabilitation","maxSpeedKmh":160,"tracks":2},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Cohesion Fund","ro":"Fondul de Coeziune"},"programme":"eu-cohesion-fund"},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Alstom Transport – Swietelsky – Astaldi – Euro Construct Trading '98 – Dafora","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":27,"value":{"amount":1080,"currency":"RON","year":2012}},"note":{"en":"Contract signed on 15 February 2012 for the 41.185 km double-track section; execution ran into delays and finished around January 2016, when the new traffic-control system entered service"},"sourceRefs":["romania-insider-com-t1-frontiera-arad","zf-ro-t1-frontiera-arad","cfr-ro"],"geometryRef":"t1-frontiera-arad"},{"id":"t2-km614-gurasada","name":{"en":"Section 2: km 614 – Gurasada","ro":"Tronsonul 2: km 614 – Gurasada"},"status":"under_construction","lengthKm":100,"profile":{"works":"rehabilitation","maxSpeedKmh":160,"tracks":2},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Cohesion Fund (75% of eligible costs of sections 2 and 3)","ro":"Fondul de Coeziune (75% din costurile eligibile ale tronsoanelor 2 și 3)"},"programme":"eu-cohesion-fund"},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Webuild (Astaldi): subsections 2A and 2B","role":"builder"},{"name":"Alstom: Ilteu – Gurasada signalling and electrification","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"Split into subsections 2A and 2B (about 80 km with 11 stations, 30 bridges and one tunnel) and Cap Y Bârzava – Cap Y Ilteu; sections 2 and 3 together were financed with RON 9.5 billion (~€2bn), RON 6bn from the Cohesion Fund"},"sourceRefs":["railwaypro-com"],"geometryRef":"t2-km614-gurasada"},{"id":"t3-gurasada-simeria","name":{"en":"Section 3: Gurasada – Simeria","ro":"Tronsonul 3: Gurasada – Simeria"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2017-08-31","constructionStart":"2018","expectedOpening":"2026-11"},"lengthKm":41,"profile":{"works":"rehabilitation","maxSpeedKmh":160,"tracks":2},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Cohesion Fund","ro":"Fondul de Coeziune"},"programme":"eu-cohesion-fund"},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"FCC – Astaldi – Convensa","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"Contract signed with the FCC–Astaldi–Convensa consortium on 31 August 2017 for 41 km of line, 17 bridges, 27 culverts, 4 overpasses, 3 underpasses and 4 stations; works started in early 2018, originally due in 2021, now expected in November 2026"},"sourceRefs":["hillintl-com"],"geometryRef":"t3-gurasada-simeria"}],"corridors":["pan-european-iv"],"operator":"ro-cfr","sources":[{"id":"cfr-ro","title":"CFR SA: Reabilitarea liniei de cale ferată Frontieră – Curtici – Simeria (Tronson 1)","url":"https://cfr.ro/reabilitarea-liniei-de-cale-ferata-frontiera-curtici-simeria-tronson-1/"},{"id":"railwaypro-com","title":"Railway PRO: Km 614–Gurasada and Gurasada–Simeria rail sections receive EUR 2 billion financing","url":"https://www.railwaypro.com/wp/romania-km-614-gurasada-gurasada-simeria-rail-sections-receive-eur-2-billion-financing/"},{"id":"hillintl-com","title":"Hill International: Gurasada–Simeria railway section","url":"https://www.hillintl.com/project/gurasada-simeria-railway-section/"},{"title":"Webuild: Frontiera–Curtici–Simeria railway line","url":"https://www.webuildgroup.com/en/projects/railways-underground/frontiera-curtici-simeria-railway-line/"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry of CFR line 200, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright"},{"id":"romania-insider-com-t1-frontiera-arad","title":"romania-insider.com","url":"https://www.romania-insider.com/five-company-consortium-wins-eur-248-mln-contract-for-curtici-arad-railway-segment-in-romania"},{"id":"zf-ro-t1-frontiera-arad","title":"zf.ro","url":"https://www.zf.ro/business-construct/lucrarile-de-modernizare-a-garii-arad-receptionate-partial-dupa-investitii-de-334-milioane-de-lei-14915527"}]},{"id":"ro-rail-line300-rehab","country":"ro","category":"railway","name":{"en":"CFR Line 300 rehabilitation, Rhine–Danube Corridor (Câmpina–Predeal and Coșlariu–Sighișoara)","ro":"Reabilitarea magistralei CFR 300 pe Coridorul Rin–Dunăre (Câmpina–Predeal și Coșlariu–Sighișoara)"},"description":{"en":"Rehabilitation of two sections of CFR Line 300, part of the TEN-T Rhine–Danube Corridor, for speeds of up to 160 km/h. The 48 km Câmpina–Predeal mountain section was upgraded in 2007–2011 with ISPA co-funding, cutting Bucharest–Brașov journey times to 2 h 40 min. The nearly 100 km Coșlariu–Sighișoara section was rebuilt in 2012–2018 on a new alignment with new bridges and tunnels, among them the 969 m Daneș Tunnel, the longest railway tunnel built in Romania after 1989.","ro":"Reabilitarea a două secțiuni ale magistralei CFR 300, parte a Coridorului TEN-T Rin–Dunăre, pentru viteze de până la 160 km/h. Secțiunea de munte Câmpina–Predeal, de 48 km, a fost modernizată în 2007–2011 cu cofinanțare ISPA, reducând timpul de călătorie București–Brașov la 2 ore și 40 de minute. Secțiunea Coșlariu–Sighișoara, de aproape 100 km, a fost reconstruită în 2012–2018 pe un traseu nou, cu poduri și tuneluri noi, între care tunelul Daneș de 969 m, cel mai lung tunel feroviar construit în România după 1989."},"lots":[{"id":"campina-predeal","name":{"en":"Câmpina – Predeal","ro":"Câmpina – Predeal"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2007","opened":"2011-12"},"lengthKm":48,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":199.5,"currency":"EUR","year":2003},"actual":{"amount":313.4,"currency":"EUR","year":2011}},"profile":{"terrain":"mountain","works":"rehabilitation","maxSpeedKmh":160},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"About €200M co-funded through the ISPA programme (75% EU, 25% Romanian government).","ro":"Circa 200 de milioane EUR cofinanțați prin programul ISPA (75% UE, 25% Guvernul României)."},"programme":"eu-ispa","coFinancingRate":0.75},{"source":"national_budget"}],"note":{"en":"Line 300 rehabilitation on the TEN-T Rhine–Danube Corridor: Câmpina–Predeal 2007–2011 (ISPA, 75% EU / 25% government), Coșlariu–Sighișoara 2012–2018 to 160 km/h incl. the 969 m Daneș tunnel"},"sourceRefs":["eur-lex-europa-eu-campina-predeal","wikipedia-c-ile-ferate-rom-ne-line-300"],"geometryRef":"campina-predeal"},{"id":"coslariu-sighisoara","name":{"en":"Coșlariu – Sighișoara","ro":"Coșlariu – Sighișoara"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2012","constructionStart":"2012","opened":"2018"},"lengthKm":100,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":187,"currency":"EUR","year":2012}},"profile":{"works":"rehabilitation","maxSpeedKmh":160},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"TEN-T Rhine–Danube Corridor upgrade, EU co-financed","ro":"Modernizare pe Coridorul TEN-T Rin–Dunăre, cofinanțată de Uniunea Europeană"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"FCC Construcción","role":"builder"},{"name":"Alpine Bau","role":"builder"},{"name":"Azvi","role":"builder"}],"contract":{"value":{"amount":2342,"currency":"RON","year":2012}},"note":{"en":"Line 300 rehabilitation on the TEN-T Rhine–Danube Corridor: Câmpina–Predeal 2007–2011 (ISPA, 75% EU / 25% government), Coșlariu–Sighișoara 2012–2018 to 160 km/h incl. the 969 m Daneș tunnel"},"sourceRefs":["hotnews-ro-coslariu-sighisoara","wikipedia-c-ile-ferate-rom-ne-line-300"],"geometryRef":"coslariu-sighisoara"}],"corridors":["ten-t-rhine-danube"],"operator":"ro-cfr","sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-c-ile-ferate-rom-ne-line-300","title":"Wikipedia: Căile Ferate Române Line 300","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C4%83ile_Ferate_Rom%C3%A2ne_Line_300"},{"title":"Railway PRO: Romania to complete a new Corridor IV rail section this year","url":"https://www.railwaypro.com/wp/romania-to-complete-a-new-corridor-iv-rail-section-this-year/"},{"title":"Adevărul: Lucrare publică din România, premiată de UE","url":"http://adevarul.ro/news/societate/lucrare-publica-romania-premiata-ue-1_50ad18d47c42d5a6638ea0d8/index.html"},{"id":"hotnews-ro-coslariu-sighisoara","title":"hotnews.ro","url":"https://hotnews.ro/stiri-infrastructura_proiecte-19213119-coridorul-feroviar-intre-frontiera-curtici-sighisoara-tinta-160-costul-3-miliarde-euro.htm"},{"id":"eur-lex-europa-eu-campina-predeal","title":"eur-lex.europa.eu","url":"https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52004DC0735"}]},{"id":"ro-rail-otopeni-airport","country":"ro","city":"ro-bucharest","category":"railway","name":{"en":"Bucharest North – Henri Coandă Airport (Otopeni) rail link","ro":"Legătura feroviară București Nord – Aeroportul Henri Coandă (Otopeni)"},"description":{"en":"Rail link connecting Bucharest's main station, Gara de Nord, with Henri Coandă International Airport at Otopeni, opened in December 2020. The roughly 3 km new connection, including a 1.5 km viaduct over the DN1 national road, ends at a station in front of the airport's Arrivals terminal. Trains operated by CFR Călători and Transferoviar Călători run 24 hours a day, roughly every 40 minutes, with a journey time of about 20–25 minutes.","ro":"Legătură feroviară între Gara de Nord din București și Aeroportul Internațional Henri Coandă din Otopeni, deschisă în decembrie 2020. Noua conexiune de aproximativ 3 km, care include un viaduct de 1,5 km peste drumul național DN1, se termină la o stație în fața terminalului Sosiri al aeroportului. Trenurile operate de CFR Călători și Transferoviar Călători circulă non-stop, aproximativ la fiecare 40 de minute, cu un timp de călătorie de circa 20–25 de minute."},"lots":[{"id":"gara-de-nord-aeroport","name":{"en":"Gara de Nord – Henri Coandă Airport","ro":"Gara de Nord – Aeroportul Henri Coandă"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2019-09-02","opened":"2020-12"},"lengthKm":3,"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU funds (Large Infrastructure Operational Programme)","ro":"Fonduri europene (Programul Operațional Infrastructură Mare)"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Arcada Company","role":"builder"},{"name":"ISPCF","role":"designer"},{"name":"DB Engineering & Consulting","role":"designer"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":12},"note":{"en":"Gara de Nord–Henri Coandă Airport link: ~3 km incl. a 1.5 km viaduct over DN1; builder Arcada Company, designers ISPCF and DB Engineering & Consulting"},"sourceRefs":["hotnews-ro-gara-de-nord-aeroport","zf-ro-gara-de-nord-aeroport","railway-news-com"],"geometryRef":"gara-de-nord-aeroport"}],"operator":"ro-cfr","sources":[{"title":"Romania Insider: A short guide to Bucharest's new train connection to the airport","url":"https://www.romania-insider.com/short-guide-bucharest-airport-railway-link"},{"id":"railway-news-com","title":"Railway News: Rail Link to Romania's Busiest Airport Completed","url":"https://railway-news.com/rail-link-to-romanias-busiest-airport-completed/"},{"id":"hotnews-ro-gara-de-nord-aeroport","title":"hotnews.ro","url":"https://hotnews.ro/stiri-infrastructura_articole-22847016-trenul-gara-nord-aeroport-otopeni-cfr-publicat-licitatia-valoare-totala-aproape-500-milioane-lei.htm"},{"id":"zf-ro-gara-de-nord-aeroport","title":"zf.ro","url":"https://www.zf.ro/business-construct/incep-sa-se-miste-lucrurile-arcada-company-din-galati-si-o-firma-germana-au-inceput-constructia-caii-ferate-dintre-gara-de-nord-si-aeroportul-otopeni-18404892"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright","retrievedOn":"2026-08-14"}]},{"id":"ro-rail-tunnels","country":"ro","category":"tunnel","name":{"en":"Romanian railway tunnels","ro":"Tuneluri feroviare din România"},"description":{"en":"Romania's notable railway tunnels. The Teliu tunnel, bored between 1924 and 1929 on the Brașov–Întorsura Buzăului line and opened in 1931, has been the country's longest railway tunnel for almost a century at 4,369.5 m. The Corridor IV upgrade between Brașov and Sighișoara will overtake it: four tunnel boring machines are driving the twin-bore Ormeniș (about 6.7 km) and Homorod (about 5.2 km) tunnels through the hills around Racoș, replacing the winding Olt valley alignment, and shorter new tunnels are being built at Mureni and Achita on the Cața–Sighișoara subsection. Lengths here are measured from OpenStreetMap geometry of a single bore.","ro":"Tunelurile feroviare notabile din România. Tunelul Teliu, săpat între 1924 și 1929 pe linia Brașov–Întorsura Buzăului și dat în folosință în 1931, este de aproape un secol cel mai lung tunel feroviar din țară, cu 4.369,5 m. Modernizarea Coridorului IV între Brașov și Sighișoara îl va depăși: patru scuturi de forat sapă tunelurile cu tub dublu Ormeniș (circa 6,7 km) și Homorod (circa 5,2 km) prin dealurile din zona Racoș, înlocuind traseul sinuos din valea Oltului, iar pe subsecțiunea Cața–Sighișoara se construiesc tuneluri noi mai scurte la Mureni și Achita. Lungimile de aici sunt măsurate din geometria OpenStreetMap a unui singur tub."},"lots":[{"id":"teliu","name":{"en":"Teliu tunnel (Brașov – Întorsura Buzăului line)","ro":"Tunelul Teliu (linia Brașov – Întorsura Buzăului)"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"1924-07-15","opened":"1931-06-25"},"lengthKm":4.3695,"profile":{"tunnelKm":4.3695},"funding":[{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Julius Berger Tiefbau","role":"builder"}],"note":{"en":"Driven from the north from 15 July 1924 and from the south from 5 July 1925; the two headings met on 1 October 1926, the tunnel was completed on 30 September 1928 and opened to traffic on 25 June 1931. Built for double track and electrification, it is still single-track and unelectrified; it remains Romania's longest railway tunnel"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-tunelul-teliu"],"geometryRef":"teliu"},{"id":"ormenis","name":{"en":"Ormeniș tunnel (Apața – Racoș, Brașov–Sighișoara line)","ro":"Tunelul Ormeniș (Apața – Racoș, linia Brașov–Sighișoara)"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"constructionStart":"2024","expectedOpening":"2026-10"},"lengthKm":6.7,"profile":{"tunnelKm":6.7},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Connecting Europe Facility","ro":"Mecanismul pentru Interconectarea Europei"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Aktor (RailWorks consortium)","role":"builder"}],"partOf":"ro-rail-brasov-sighisoara","note":{"en":"Twin bores on the new Apața–Cața alignment (OpenStreetMap: \"CFR line 300 – Variant 5 – Apața-Racoș\"), driven by tunnel boring machines from 2024; will be the longest railway tunnel in Romania"},"sourceRefs":["tunnelsandtunnelling-com"],"geometryRef":"ormenis"},{"id":"homorod","name":{"en":"Homorod tunnel (Racoș – Homorod, Brașov–Sighișoara line)","ro":"Tunelul Homorod (Racoș – Homorod, linia Brașov–Sighișoara)"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"constructionStart":"2024-10","expectedOpening":"2026-10"},"lengthKm":5.158,"profile":{"tunnelKm":5.158},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Connecting Europe Facility","ro":"Mecanismul pentru Interconectarea Europei"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Aktor (RailWorks consortium)","role":"builder"}],"partOf":"ro-rail-brasov-sighisoara","note":{"en":"Twin bores on the new Apața–Cața alignment (OpenStreetMap: \"CFR line 300 – Variant 7 – Racoș-Homorod\"); drilling started in October 2024"},"sourceRefs":["thediplomat-ro"],"geometryRef":"homorod"},{"id":"mureni","name":{"en":"Mureni tunnel (Cața – Sighișoara)","ro":"Tunelul Mureni (Cața – Sighișoara)"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"expectedOpening":"2027-04"},"lengthKm":0.699,"profile":{"tunnelKm":0.699},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Connecting Europe Facility","ro":"Mecanismul pentru Interconectarea Europei"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"RailWorks (Alstom – Aktor – Arcada – Euro Construct Trading '98)","role":"builder"}],"partOf":"ro-rail-brasov-sighisoara","note":{"en":"New tunnel on the realigned Cața–Sighișoara subsection of the Brașov–Sighișoara rehabilitation; contractual completion of the end subsections is April 2027"},"sourceRefs":["cfr-ro"],"geometryRef":"mureni"},{"id":"achita-1","name":{"en":"Achita 1 tunnel (Cața – Sighișoara)","ro":"Tunelul Achita 1 (Cața – Sighișoara)"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"expectedOpening":"2027-04"},"lengthKm":0.491,"profile":{"tunnelKm":0.491},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Connecting Europe Facility","ro":"Mecanismul pentru Interconectarea Europei"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"RailWorks (Alstom – Aktor – Arcada – Euro Construct Trading '98)","role":"builder"}],"partOf":"ro-rail-brasov-sighisoara","note":{"en":"New tunnel on the realigned Cața–Sighișoara subsection; contractual completion April 2027"},"sourceRefs":["cfr-ro"],"geometryRef":"achita-1"},{"id":"achita-2","name":{"en":"Achita 2 tunnel (Cața – Sighișoara)","ro":"Tunelul Achita 2 (Cața – Sighișoara)"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"expectedOpening":"2027-04"},"lengthKm":0.222,"profile":{"tunnelKm":0.222},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"Connecting Europe Facility","ro":"Mecanismul pentru Interconectarea Europei"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"RailWorks (Alstom – Aktor – Arcada – Euro Construct Trading '98)","role":"builder"}],"partOf":"ro-rail-brasov-sighisoara","note":{"en":"New tunnel on the realigned Cața–Sighișoara subsection; contractual completion April 2027"},"sourceRefs":["cfr-ro"],"geometryRef":"achita-2"}],"operator":"ro-cfr","sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-ro-tunelul-teliu","title":"Wikipedia (ro): Tunelul Teliu","url":"https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunelul_Teliu"},{"id":"tunnelsandtunnelling-com","title":"Tunnels & Tunnelling: AKTOR enters Racoș mountains using four TBMs on new railway","url":"https://www.tunnelsandtunnelling.com/news/aktor-enters-racos-mountains-using-four-tbms-on-new-railway/"},{"id":"thediplomat-ro","title":"The Diplomat: AKTOR started drilling on the Homorod tunnels of the Brașov–Sighișoara railway","url":"https://www.thediplomat.ro/2024/10/18/aktor-started-drilling-on-the-homorod-tunnels-of-the-brasov-sighisoara-railway/","retrievedOn":"2026-08-14"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry and tunnel lengths, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright"},{"id":"cfr-ro","title":"cfr.ro","url":"https://cfr.ro/reabilitarea-liniei-de-cale-ferata-brasov-simeria-componenta-a-coridorului-rin-dunare-pentru-circulatia-trenurilor-cu-viteza-maxima-de-160-km-h-sectiunea-brasov-sighisoara-subsectiunile/"}]},{"id":"ro-tunnels","country":"ro","category":"tunnel","name":{"en":"Romanian road tunnels","ro":"Tuneluri rutiere din România"},"description":{"en":"Romania's notable road tunnels. The country had almost no motorway tunnels until the 2020s: the Carpathian crossings now under construction on the A1 (Pitești–Sibiu), A3 (Transylvania) and A8 (Unirii) are adding the first significant ones. The Meseș tunnel on the A3 will be the longest road tunnel in Romania at 2.7 km. Lengths here are measured from OpenStreetMap geometry of a single bore.","ro":"Tunelurile rutiere notabile din România. Țara nu a avut aproape niciun tunel de autostradă până în anii 2020: traversările Carpaților aflate acum în construcție pe A1 (Pitești–Sibiu), A3 (Transilvania) și A8 (Unirii) aduc primele tuneluri importante. Tunelul Meseș de pe A3 va fi cel mai lung tunel rutier din România, cu 2,7 km. Lungimile de aici sunt măsurate din geometria OpenStreetMap a unui singur tub."},"lots":[{"id":"balea","name":{"en":"Bâlea tunnel (Transfăgărășan, DN7C)","ro":"Tunelul Bâlea (Transfăgărășan, DN7C)"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"1970","opened":"1974-09-20"},"lengthKm":0.884,"profile":{"terrain":"mountain","tunnelKm":0.884},"funding":[{"source":"national_budget"}],"note":{"en":"Romania's highest road tunnel at ~2,040 m altitude, on the Transfăgărășan mountain road built by the Romanian Army 1970–1974 on Nicolae Ceaușescu's orders; the longest road tunnel in Romania until the Meseș tunnel"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-transf-g-r-an"],"geometryRef":"balea"},{"id":"tunelul-nou","name":{"en":"Tunelul Nou (DN12C, Bicaz gorge)","ro":"Tunelul Nou (DN12C, Cheile Bicazului)"},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"1968"},"lengthKm":0.149,"profile":{"terrain":"mountain","tunnelKm":0.149},"funding":[{"source":"national_budget"}],"note":{"en":"Road tunnel on DN12C through the Bicaz gorge, alongside the older parallel bore (Tunelul Vechi)"},"sourceRefs":["openstreetmap"],"geometryRef":"tunelul-nou"},{"id":"meses","name":{"en":"Meseș tunnel (A3)","ro":"Tunelul Meseș (A3)"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"constructionStart":"2022","expectedOpening":"2032"},"lengthKm":2.734,"profile":{"terrain":"mountain","tunnelKm":2.734},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU funds","ro":"Fonduri europene"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"partOf":"ro-a3-transylvania","note":{"en":"Twin-bore tunnel under the Meseș mountains on the A3 Nușfalău–Zimbor section; it will be the longest road tunnel in Romania when complete. OpenStreetMap tags opening_date=2032"},"sources":[{"title":"OpenStreetMap","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/2790155"}],"geometryRef":"meses"},{"id":"poiana","name":{"en":"Poiana tunnel (A1 Pitești–Sibiu lot 3)","ro":"Tunelul Poiana (A1 Pitești–Sibiu lotul 3)"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"constructionStart":"2022","expectedOpening":"2028"},"lengthKm":1.701,"profile":{"tunnelKm":1.701},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU funds","ro":"Fonduri europene"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"partOf":"ro-a1","note":{"en":"On A1 Pitești–Sibiu lot 3 (Webuild); OpenStreetMap tags opening_date=2028 on this lot"},"sourceRefs":["openstreetmap"],"geometryRef":"poiana"},{"id":"caineni","name":{"en":"Câineni tunnel (A1 Pitești–Sibiu lot 2)","ro":"Tunelul Câineni (A1 Pitești–Sibiu lotul 2)"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"constructionStart":"2022","expectedOpening":"2031"},"lengthKm":1.578,"profile":{"tunnelKm":1.578},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU funds","ro":"Fonduri europene"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"partOf":"ro-a1","note":{"en":"On A1 Pitești–Sibiu lot 2, Boița–Cornet (Mapa–Cengiz); OpenStreetMap tags opening_date=2031 on this lot"},"sourceRefs":["openstreetmap"],"geometryRef":"caineni"},{"id":"lazaret","name":{"en":"Lazaret tunnel (A1 Pitești–Sibiu lot 2)","ro":"Tunelul Lazaret (A1 Pitești–Sibiu lotul 2)"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"constructionStart":"2022","expectedOpening":"2031"},"lengthKm":1.063,"profile":{"tunnelKm":1.063},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU funds","ro":"Fonduri europene"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"partOf":"ro-a1","note":{"en":"Twin bores (Lazaret 1 and 2) on A1 Pitești–Sibiu lot 2, Boița–Cornet; OpenStreetMap tags opening_date=2031"},"sourceRefs":["openstreetmap"],"geometryRef":"lazaret"},{"id":"robesti","name":{"en":"Robești tunnel (A1 Pitești–Sibiu lot 2)","ro":"Tunelul Robești (A1 Pitești–Sibiu lotul 2)"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"constructionStart":"2022","expectedOpening":"2031"},"lengthKm":0.905,"profile":{"terrain":"mountain","tunnelKm":0.905},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU funds","ro":"Fonduri europene"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"partOf":"ro-a1","note":{"en":"On A1 Pitești–Sibiu lot 2, Boița–Cornet, in the Olt valley defile; OpenStreetMap tags opening_date=2031"},"sourceRefs":["openstreetmap"],"geometryRef":"robesti"},{"id":"balota","name":{"en":"Balota tunnel (A1 Pitești–Sibiu lot 2)","ro":"Tunelul Balota (A1 Pitești–Sibiu lotul 2)"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"constructionStart":"2022","expectedOpening":"2031"},"lengthKm":0.447,"profile":{"tunnelKm":0.447},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU funds","ro":"Fonduri europene"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"partOf":"ro-a1","note":{"en":"On A1 Pitești–Sibiu lot 2, Boița–Cornet; OpenStreetMap tags opening_date=2031"},"sourceRefs":["openstreetmap"],"geometryRef":"balota"},{"id":"boita","name":{"en":"Boița tunnel (A1 Pitești–Sibiu lot 2)","ro":"Tunelul Boița (A1 Pitești–Sibiu lotul 2)"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"constructionStart":"2022","expectedOpening":"2031"},"lengthKm":0.256,"profile":{"tunnelKm":0.256},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU funds","ro":"Fonduri europene"}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"partOf":"ro-a1","note":{"en":"Twin bores (Boița 1 and 2) at the northern end of A1 Pitești–Sibiu lot 2; OpenStreetMap tags opening_date=2031"},"sourceRefs":["openstreetmap"],"geometryRef":"boita"},{"id":"petru-voda","name":{"en":"Petru Vodă tunnel (A8)","ro":"Tunelul Petru Vodă (A8)"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"constructionStart":"2023-09"},"lengthKm":0.941,"profile":{"terrain":"mountain","tunnelKm":0.941},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)","ro":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)"},"programme":"ro-pnrr"},{"source":"national_budget"}],"partOf":"ro-a8","note":{"en":"On the A8 Ditrău–Moțca mountain section (SA&PE Construct–Tehnostrade–Euro Asfalt–Spedition UMB), crossing the Eastern Carpathians"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a8-rom-nia"],"geometryRef":"petru-voda"},{"id":"boureni","name":{"en":"Boureni tunnel (A8)","ro":"Tunelul Boureni (A8)"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"constructionStart":"2023-09"},"lengthKm":0.376,"profile":{"tunnelKm":0.376},"funding":[{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)","ro":"PNRR (Next Generation EU)"},"programme":"ro-pnrr"},{"source":"national_budget"}],"partOf":"ro-a8","note":{"en":"On the A8 Moțca–Târgu Frumos section approaching Iași"},"sourceRefs":["wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a8-rom-nia"],"geometryRef":"boureni"}],"sources":[{"id":"wikipedia-transf-g-r-an","title":"Wikipedia: Transfăgărășan","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transf%C4%83g%C4%83r%C4%83%C8%99an"},{"title":"Wikipedia (ro): Autostrada A1 (România)","url":"https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autostrada_A1_(Rom%C3%A2nia)"},{"id":"wikipedia-ro-autostrada-a8-rom-nia","title":"Wikipedia (ro): Autostrada A8 (România)","url":"https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autostrada_A8_(Rom%C3%A2nia)"},{"id":"openstreetmap","title":"OpenStreetMap contributors (geometry, lengths and construction dates, ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright"}]},{"id":"rs-a2-milos-veliki","country":"rs","category":"highway","name":{"en":"A2 Miloš Veliki Motorway (Belgrade – Preljina)"},"description":{"en":"The A2 «Miloš Veliki» motorway on European route E763, running south-west from Belgrade at Surčin through Obrenovac, Ub, Lajkovac and Ljig to Preljina near Čačak, opened section by section between 2014 and 2019. Section lengths here are the figures published by JP Putevi Srbije rather than measurements off the mapped alignment: the Lajkovac–Ljig contract boundary sits about 3 km from the Ljig interchange used to cut the geometry, though the Lajkovac–Preljina total agrees to within 600 m. The motorway continues beyond Preljina toward Požega via Pakovraće and Lučani, and on to the planned Požega–Boljare extension; neither is recorded here for want of sourced opening dates."},"lots":[{"id":"surcin-obrenovac","name":{"en":"Surčin – Obrenovac"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2017-05","opened":"2019-12"},"lengthKm":17.6,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":233.67,"currency":"USD","year":2017}},"funding":[{"source":"loan","detail":{"en":"Export–Import Bank of China, 85% of the contract value."},"coFinancingRate":0.85},{"source":"national_budget","detail":{"en":"Republic of Serbia, 15%."},"coFinancingRate":0.15}],"contractors":[{"name":"China Communications Construction Company Ltd.","role":"builder"}],"geometryRef":"surcin-obrenovac"},{"id":"obrenovac-ub","name":{"en":"Obrenovac – Ub"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2014","opened":"2019"},"lengthKm":26.23,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":73,"currency":"EUR","year":2014}},"funding":[{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Shandong Hi-Speed Group Co., Ltd.","role":"builder"}],"geometryRef":"obrenovac-ub"},{"id":"ub-lajkovac","name":{"en":"Ub – Lajkovac"},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"2014"},"lengthKm":12.49,"geometryRef":"ub-lajkovac"},{"id":"lajkovac-ljig","name":{"en":"Lajkovac – Ljig"},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"2016"},"lengthKm":23.98,"geometryRef":"lajkovac-ljig"},{"id":"ljig-preljina","name":{"en":"Ljig – Preljina"},"status":"opened","dates":{"opened":"2016"},"lengthKm":40.3,"geometryRef":"ljig-preljina"}],"operator":"rs-putevi-srbije","sources":[{"title":"JP Putevi Srbije: Auto-put „Miloš Veliki“ pušten u saobraćaj (section lengths)","url":"https://putevi-srbije.rs/index.php/sr/korporativne-vesti/arhiva-korporativnih-vesti-2019/19-08-19-autoput-milos-veliki-pusten-u-saobracaj"},{"title":"Ministry of Construction, Transport and Infrastructure: Construction of E-763 highway, Surčin–Obrenovac section","url":"https://www.mgsi.gov.rs/en/projekti/construction-e-763-highway-section-surcin-obrenovac"},{"title":"Wikipedia: A2 motorway (Serbia)","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A2_motorway_(Serbia)"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap: relation 6697754, Милош Велики (ref A2)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/6697754"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors: route geometry (ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/"}]},{"id":"rs-a5-moravski-koridor","country":"rs","category":"highway","name":{"en":"A5 Morava Corridor (Pojate – Preljina)"},"description":{"en":"Serbia's 112.4 km east–west motorway along the West and South Morava valleys, linking the A1 at Pojate to the A2 at Preljina. A Bechtel–ENKA joint venture built it as a single design-build package from 2020; sections opened in stages from 2023, and as of mid-2026 the corridor is complete apart from the Vrba–Adrani gap. Lots here follow the motorway's numbered interchanges, which is how JP Putevi Srbije describes the openings, rather than the contract's own nine construction sectors, which were bounded by river crossings and chainage; Koševi–Vrnjačka Banja is therefore one section, carrying the Koševi, Velika Drenova, Trstenik and Vrnjačka Banja interchanges, and Koševi is the same place as Kruševac in official usage. The two official sub-sections Pojate–Makrešane and Makrešane–Koševi meet at Makrešane, which has no mapped interchange, so the geometry is cut at the Kruševac East interchange about 3 km away. Lengths are measured from the mapped alignment except where Putevi Srbije publishes a figure for that exact section, which is preferred; the measured total of 112.32 km agrees with the published 112.4 km. The reported EUR 745 million contract value covers the whole corridor and is not broken out per section, so no per-lot cost is recorded."},"lots":[{"id":"pojate-krusevac-istok","name":{"en":"Pojate – Kruševac East"},"status":"opened","dates":{"announced":"2019-07","tenderAwarded":"2019-12","constructionStart":"2020-01","opened":"2023-04"},"lengthKm":19.85,"funding":[{"source":"loan","detail":{"en":"Sovereign loans from international banks. MIGA guaranteed EUR 411.4 million (about USD 451.8 million) on 15 March 2022, raised to about EUR 511.5 million by amendments in January and September 2023, then a further EUR 901.1 million (USD 976.7 million) on 15 December 2023 for an additional loan. Guarantee holders include JPMorgan Chase, Banco Santander, Crédit Agricole CIB, CaixaBank, UBS Switzerland, Raiffeisen Bank International and ING. A separate syndicated facility carries a UK Export Finance guarantee, reported at about EUR 700 million. These are financing volumes, not construction cost."},"programme":"miga-guarantee"},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Bechtel ENKA UK Limited JV","role":"builder"}],"geometryRef":"pojate-krusevac-istok"},{"id":"krusevac-istok-kosevi","name":{"en":"Kruševac East – Koševi"},"status":"opened","dates":{"announced":"2019-07","tenderAwarded":"2019-12","constructionStart":"2020-01","opened":"2023-12-07"},"lengthKm":9.44,"funding":[{"source":"loan","detail":{"en":"Sovereign loans from international banks. MIGA guaranteed EUR 411.4 million (about USD 451.8 million) on 15 March 2022, raised to about EUR 511.5 million by amendments in January and September 2023, then a further EUR 901.1 million (USD 976.7 million) on 15 December 2023 for an additional loan. Guarantee holders include JPMorgan Chase, Banco Santander, Crédit Agricole CIB, CaixaBank, UBS Switzerland, Raiffeisen Bank International and ING. A separate syndicated facility carries a UK Export Finance guarantee, reported at about EUR 700 million. These are financing volumes, not construction cost."},"programme":"miga-guarantee"},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Bechtel ENKA UK Limited JV","role":"builder"}],"geometryRef":"krusevac-istok-kosevi"},{"id":"kosevi-vrnjacka-banja","name":{"en":"Koševi – Vrnjačka Banja"},"status":"opened","dates":{"announced":"2019-07","tenderAwarded":"2019-12","constructionStart":"2020-01","opened":"2024-12-23"},"lengthKm":28.37,"funding":[{"source":"loan","detail":{"en":"Sovereign loans from international banks. MIGA guaranteed EUR 411.4 million (about USD 451.8 million) on 15 March 2022, raised to about EUR 511.5 million by amendments in January and September 2023, then a further EUR 901.1 million (USD 976.7 million) on 15 December 2023 for an additional loan. Guarantee holders include JPMorgan Chase, Banco Santander, Crédit Agricole CIB, CaixaBank, UBS Switzerland, Raiffeisen Bank International and ING. A separate syndicated facility carries a UK Export Finance guarantee, reported at about EUR 700 million. These are financing volumes, not construction cost."},"programme":"miga-guarantee"},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Bechtel ENKA UK Limited JV","role":"builder"}],"geometryRef":"kosevi-vrnjacka-banja"},{"id":"vrnjacka-banja-vrba","name":{"en":"Vrnjačka Banja – Vrba"},"status":"opened","dates":{"announced":"2019-07","tenderAwarded":"2019-12","constructionStart":"2020-01","opened":"2025-12-24"},"lengthKm":13.78,"funding":[{"source":"loan","detail":{"en":"Sovereign loans from international banks. MIGA guaranteed EUR 411.4 million (about USD 451.8 million) on 15 March 2022, raised to about EUR 511.5 million by amendments in January and September 2023, then a further EUR 901.1 million (USD 976.7 million) on 15 December 2023 for an additional loan. Guarantee holders include JPMorgan Chase, Banco Santander, Crédit Agricole CIB, CaixaBank, UBS Switzerland, Raiffeisen Bank International and ING. A separate syndicated facility carries a UK Export Finance guarantee, reported at about EUR 700 million. These are financing volumes, not construction cost."},"programme":"miga-guarantee"},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Bechtel ENKA UK Limited JV","role":"builder"}],"geometryRef":"vrnjacka-banja-vrba"},{"id":"vrba-adrani","name":{"en":"Vrba – Adrani"},"status":"under_construction","dates":{"announced":"2019-07","tenderAwarded":"2019-12","constructionStart":"2020-01"},"lengthKm":12.66,"funding":[{"source":"loan","detail":{"en":"Sovereign loans from international banks. MIGA guaranteed EUR 411.4 million (about USD 451.8 million) on 15 March 2022, raised to about EUR 511.5 million by amendments in January and September 2023, then a further EUR 901.1 million (USD 976.7 million) on 15 December 2023 for an additional loan. Guarantee holders include JPMorgan Chase, Banco Santander, Crédit Agricole CIB, CaixaBank, UBS Switzerland, Raiffeisen Bank International and ING. A separate syndicated facility carries a UK Export Finance guarantee, reported at about EUR 700 million. These are financing volumes, not construction cost."},"programme":"miga-guarantee"},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Bechtel ENKA UK Limited JV","role":"builder"}],"geometryRef":"vrba-adrani"},{"id":"adrani-preljina","name":{"en":"Adrani – Preljina (E-763 connection)"},"status":"opened","dates":{"announced":"2019-07","tenderAwarded":"2019-12","constructionStart":"2020-01","opened":"2026-06"},"lengthKm":28.53,"funding":[{"source":"loan","detail":{"en":"Sovereign loans from international banks. MIGA guaranteed EUR 411.4 million (about USD 451.8 million) on 15 March 2022, raised to about EUR 511.5 million by amendments in January and September 2023, then a further EUR 901.1 million (USD 976.7 million) on 15 December 2023 for an additional loan. Guarantee holders include JPMorgan Chase, Banco Santander, Crédit Agricole CIB, CaixaBank, UBS Switzerland, Raiffeisen Bank International and ING. A separate syndicated facility carries a UK Export Finance guarantee, reported at about EUR 700 million. These are financing volumes, not construction cost."},"programme":"miga-guarantee"},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"Bechtel ENKA UK Limited JV","role":"builder"}],"geometryRef":"adrani-preljina"}],"operator":"rs-koridori-srbije","cost":{"amount":745,"currency":"EUR","scope":"programme","confidence":"reported","note":"Design-build contract value for the whole 112 km corridor, not broken out per section."},"sources":[{"title":"Ministry of Construction, Transport and Infrastructure: Construction of E-761 highway, Pojate–Preljina section (Morava Corridor)","url":"https://www.mgsi.gov.rs/en/projekti/construction-e-761-highway-pojate-preljina-section-morava-corridor"},{"title":"Bechtel: Bechtel and ENKA celebrate opening of new sections of Serbia's Morava Corridor motorway","url":"https://www.bechtel.com/press-releases/bechtel-and-enka-celebrate-opening-of-new-sections-of-serbias-morava-corridor-motorway-de"},{"title":"Koridori Srbije: Morava Corridor Resettlement and Livelihood Restoration Framework (sector lengths)","url":"https://www.koridorisrbije.rs/site/content/media/img/files/Morava%20RLRF%20Rev_%2010%20(14_01_2020)_Serbian(1).pdf"},{"title":"Bechtel: UK Export Finance guaranteed loan for the Serbia motorway project","url":"https://www.bechtel.com/press-releases/bechtel-secures-uk-export-finance-guaranteed-loan-for-the-serbia-motorway-project/"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap: relation 12223848, Моравски коридор (ref A5)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/12223848"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors: route geometry (ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/"},{"title":"JP Putevi Srbije: Bilten 36–37 (Makrešane–Koševi opened 07.12.2023; toll stations Ćićevac, Kruševac West, Koševi)","url":"https://www.putevi-srbije.rs/images/pdf/publikacije/Bilten-36-37.pdf"},{"title":"JP Putevi Srbije: Bilten 40–41 (Kruševac/Koševi–Vrnjačka Banja opened 23.12.2024, three sub-sections, four interchanges)","url":"https://www.putevi-srbije.rs/images/pdf/publikacije/Bilten-40-41-srp.pdf"},{"title":"JP Putevi Srbije: Bilten 44–45 (Vrnjačka Banja–Vrba, 13.78 km, opened 24.12.2025; corridor total 112.4 km)","url":"https://www.putevi-srbije.rs/images/pdf/publikacije/Bilten-44-45-srp.pdf"},{"title":"CAO (IFC/MIGA Office of the Compliance Advisor Ombudsman): Serbia: Morava Corridor Motorway-05, Compliance Appraisal Report, December 2025","url":"https://www.cao-ombudsman.org/sites/default/files/downloads/CAO-Serbia-Morava-Corridor-Motorway-05-%20Compliance-Appraisal-Report-Dec-2025_EN_0.pdf"},{"title":"MIGA: Morava Highway project page (project no. 14629)","url":"https://www.miga.org/project/morava-highway-0"}]},{"id":"rs-beograd-subotica","country":"rs","category":"railway","name":{"en":"Belgrade – Novi Sad – Subotica High-Speed Railway"},"description":{"en":"Reconstruction of the Belgrade–Subotica–Kelebija line for 200 km/h operation, the Serbian half of the Belgrade–Budapest corridor. Belgrade Centre–Novi Sad opened in March 2022 and the remainder to Subotica in October 2025. The Belgrade Centre–Stara Pazova leg runs on Serbian mainline 101 and the rest on mainline 105. The Chinese-financed legs were contracted in US dollars; the published estimate for Novi Sad–Subotica carries no price year, so it is omitted rather than assigned one. No cost is recorded for Stara Pazova–Novi Sad either: the only figure found for it, EUR 91.9 million, is implausibly low for a 40 km section carrying the Čortanovci tunnel and the Danube viaduct, and could not be corroborated. Mapped geometry for the northern lot stops at Subotica station rather than the Kelebija border."},"lots":[{"id":"beograd-centar-stara-pazova","name":{"en":"Belgrade Centre – Stara Pazova"},"status":"opened","dates":{"tenderAwarded":"2016-11","constructionStart":"2018-06","opened":"2022-03"},"lengthKm":34.5,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":367.44,"currency":"USD","year":2016}},"profile":{"works":"reconstruction","maxSpeedKmh":200},"funding":[{"source":"loan","detail":{"en":"Export–Import Bank of China."}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"China Railway International Co. Ltd.","role":"builder"},{"name":"China Communications Construction Company Ltd.","role":"builder"},{"name":"CIP","role":"designer"}],"contract":{"executionMonths":36,"totalMonths":36,"value":{"amount":350.1,"currency":"USD","year":2016}},"sourceRefs":["mgsi-gov-rs"],"geometryRef":"beograd-centar-stara-pazova"},{"id":"stara-pazova-novi-sad","name":{"en":"Stara Pazova – Novi Sad"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2018-03","opened":"2022-03"},"lengthKm":40.4,"profile":{"works":"reconstruction","maxSpeedKmh":200},"funding":[{"source":"loan","detail":{"en":"Government of the Russian Federation."}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"RZD International","role":"builder"},{"name":"CIP","role":"designer"}],"geometryRef":"stara-pazova-novi-sad"},{"id":"novi-sad-subotica","name":{"en":"Novi Sad – Subotica – Kelebija border"},"status":"opened","dates":{"constructionStart":"2022-07","opened":"2025-10"},"lengthKm":108.1,"profile":{"works":"reconstruction","maxSpeedKmh":200},"funding":[{"source":"loan","detail":{"en":"Export–Import Bank of China."}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"contractors":[{"name":"China Railway International Co. Ltd.","role":"builder"},{"name":"China Communications Construction Company Ltd.","role":"builder"},{"name":"CIP","role":"designer"}],"geometryRef":"novi-sad-subotica"}],"sources":[{"title":"Ministry of Construction, Transport and Infrastructure: Hungarian–Serbian railway: reconstruction and modernisation, Belgrade–Novi Sad","url":"https://www.mgsi.gov.rs/en/projekti/hungarian-serbian-railways-project-reconstruction-and-modernization-belgrade-novi-sad"},{"id":"mgsi-gov-rs","title":"Ministry of Construction, Transport and Infrastructure: Investment Plan, September 2019","url":"https://www.mgsi.gov.rs/sites/default/files/Investicioni%20Plan%20MGSI%20septembar%202019%20ENG%20tekst%20.pdf"},{"title":"Railway PRO: Officials inaugurate Belgrade–Novi Sad line","url":"https://www.railwaypro.com/wp/officials-inaugurate-belgrade-novi-sad-line/"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Budapest–Belgrade railway","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budapest%E2%80%93Belgrade_railway"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap: relation 9299833, Магистрална пруга 105","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/9299833"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap: relation 7826011, Магистрална пруга 101","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/7826011"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors: route geometry (ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/"}]},{"id":"rs-koridor-x-beograd-nis","country":"rs","category":"railway","name":{"en":"Corridor X Railway Modernisation (Belgrade – Niš)"},"description":{"en":"Upgrade of Serbian mainline 102 between Belgrade and Niš to 200 km/h, backed by an EIB, EBRD and EU financing package reported at up to EUR 2.2 billion for the corridor as a whole. Only Stalać–Đunis, where a new double-track alignment is being built, is under construction; the rest is at planning stage with no construction-start or opening dates yet published, so none are recorded. Published subsection lengths disagree with each other: 83, 62 and 58 km for the three northern subsections against 48.3 km given for Paraćin–Trupale–Međurovo. Lengths here are therefore measured off the mapped existing alignment, cut at the stations that bound each subsection, and the geometry follows the line in use today rather than the new Stalać–Đunis alignment. The EUR 2.2 billion figure covers the whole programme and is not apportioned per subsection, so no per-lot cost is recorded."},"lots":[{"id":"beograd-velika-plana","name":{"en":"Belgrade Centre – Velika Plana"},"status":"planned","lengthKm":87.5,"profile":{"works":"upgrade","maxSpeedKmh":200},"funding":[{"source":"loan","detail":{"en":"European Investment Bank and EBRD."},"programme":"ebrd-loan"},{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU grant support via WBIF."}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"geometryRef":"beograd-velika-plana"},{"id":"velika-plana-paracin","name":{"en":"Velika Plana – Paraćin"},"status":"planned","lengthKm":62.28,"profile":{"works":"upgrade","maxSpeedKmh":200},"funding":[{"source":"loan","detail":{"en":"European Investment Bank and EBRD."},"programme":"ebrd-loan"},{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU grant support via WBIF."}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"geometryRef":"velika-plana-paracin"},{"id":"paracin-stalac","name":{"en":"Paraćin – Stalać"},"status":"planned","lengthKm":21.23,"profile":{"works":"upgrade","maxSpeedKmh":200},"funding":[{"source":"loan","detail":{"en":"European Investment Bank and EBRD."},"programme":"ebrd-loan"},{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU grant support via WBIF."}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"geometryRef":"paracin-stalac"},{"id":"stalac-djunis","name":{"en":"Stalać – Đunis"},"status":"under_construction","lengthKm":18.57,"profile":{"works":"upgrade","maxSpeedKmh":200},"funding":[{"source":"loan","detail":{"en":"European Investment Bank and EBRD."},"programme":"ebrd-loan"},{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU grant support via WBIF."}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"geometryRef":"stalac-djunis"},{"id":"djunis-trupale","name":{"en":"Đunis – Trupale (Niš)"},"status":"planned","lengthKm":39.79,"profile":{"works":"upgrade","maxSpeedKmh":200},"funding":[{"source":"loan","detail":{"en":"European Investment Bank and EBRD."},"programme":"ebrd-loan"},{"source":"EU","detail":{"en":"EU grant support via WBIF."}},{"source":"national_budget"}],"geometryRef":"djunis-trupale"}],"corridors":["pan-european-x"],"sources":[{"title":"EBRD: Corridor X rail Belgrade–Niš project summary (subsection lengths)","url":"https://www.ebrd.com/home/work-with-us/projects/psd/53136.html"},{"title":"European Investment Bank: Serbia Corridor X railway","url":"https://www.eib.org/en/projects/all/20210445"},{"title":"EU za tebe: Koridor X: železnička pruga Beograd–Niš, deonica Paraćin–Trupale–Međurovo","url":"https://www.euzatebe.rs/rs/projekti/koridor-x--eleznicka-pruga-beogradnis--deonica-paracin-trupale-medurovo"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap: relation 1335434, Магистрална пруга 102","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/1335434"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors: route geometry (ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/"}]},{"id":"rs-nis-dimitrovgrad","country":"rs","category":"railway","name":{"en":"Niš – Dimitrovgrad Railway Modernisation"},"description":{"en":"Modernisation and partial realignment of Serbian mainline 106 from Niš to the Bulgarian border at Dimitrovgrad, the Serbian leg of the Corridor X branch toward Sofia. Under construction with European Investment Bank and EU support. No construction-start or opening date could be sourced, so the lot carries none; sources disagree on the total, with EUR 502 million given as the project cost against EUR 268–276 million quoted for individual subprojects."},"lots":[{"id":"nis-dimitrovgrad","name":{"en":"Niš – Dimitrovgrad"},"status":"under_construction","lengthKm":96,"cost":{"estimated":{"amount":502,"currency":"EUR","year":2022}},"profile":{"works":"upgrade"},"funding":[{"source":"loan","detail":{"en":"European Investment Bank, proposed finance of about EUR 341 million."},"programme":"eib-loan","amount":{"amount":341,"currency":"EUR","confidence":"estimated","note":"Proposed finance, as reported by the EIB."}},{"source":"EU"},{"source":"national_budget"}],"geometryRef":"nis-dimitrovgrad"}],"corridors":["pan-european-x"],"sources":[{"title":"European Investment Bank: Nis–Dimitrovgrad railway rehabilitation project pipeline","url":"https://www.eib.org/en/projects/pipelines/all/20160341"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap: relation 1335433, Магистрална пруга 106","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/1335433"},{"title":"OpenStreetMap contributors: route geometry (ODbL)","url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/"}]}]}