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S5 expressway (Nowe Marzy – Bydgoszcz – Gniezno – Poznań – Wrocław)

Expressway between the A1 at Nowe Marzy and the A8 at Wrocław, drawn in three parts: Nowe Marzy – Poznań Wschód (A2), Poznań Zachód (A2) – Wrocław Północ (A8), and the isolated Ornowo – Wirwajdy bypass near Ostróda. The two Poznań ends meet through the A2 between Poznań Wschód and Poznań Zachód, which is recorded in pl-a2. Lots follow the contract sections of the GDDKiA map of road construction, with opening dates from that map, pl.wikipedia and the contract register. Gniezno – Poznań opened in 2012 and Kaczkowo – Korzeńsko in 2014; Korzeńsko – Wrocław (2017), Radomicko – Kaczkowo (2018), Mielno – Gniezno (2017) and Poznań – Radomicko (2019) followed, then Żnin – Bydgoszcz in 2019–2021 and Nowe Marzy – Bydgoszcz in 2022. Contract values are gross where the contract register is the source; the GDDKiA pages give no VAT basis. Grudziądz – Ostróda and Wrocław – Bolków are not built and not recorded here.

Total length
346 km
Open today
346 km
Sections
20
Cost on record
€2.5B
17 of 20 sections carry a comparable figure

Restated into EUR at 2025 prices.

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Sections

Sections of S5 expressway (Nowe Marzy – Bydgoszcz – Gniezno – Poznań – Wrocław): status, length, dates, cost, funding and contractors
SectionsStatusLengthTimelineCostFundingContractorsContract terms
Ornowo – Wirwajdy

Design-build contract signed 28 April 2020 with Budimex; pl.wikipedia gives 31 months, and the register has contractual completion on 28 May 2023. Includes the Ostróda Zachód junction. The GDDKiA page records permanent traffic organisation from 20 December 2022; pl.wikipedia gives 22 December 2022. This is the only built part of S5 north of Nowe Marzy; Wirwajdy – Nowe Marzy is not built.

Opened5 km
  1. Apr 28, 2020Tender awarded
  2. Dec 20, 2022Opened
–
  • European UnionEuropean Regional Development Fund. The GDDKiA page gives a grant of PLN 284.78 million that also covers the Ostróda bypass on DK16.
  • Budimex SABuilder
31 mo total · Contract value zł203.69M
Nowe Marzy – Świecie Południe

Design-build. The 2015 contract with Impresa Pizzarotti (signed 12 October 2015, works from 6 July 2017) was terminated; GDDKiA withdrew from it on 11 June 2019 (pl.wikipedia, after the contractor stopped work in April 2019). The continuation contract went to Budimex (signed 24 April 2020 on the GDDKiA page, 27 April 2020 in the register; works from 5 May 2020). Main carriageway opened on 26 August 2022. The drawn centreline measures 21.05 km, about 10% below the 23.3 km contract length.

Opened23 km
  1. Oct 12, 2015Tender awarded
  2. Jul 6, 2017Construction start
  3. Aug 26, 2022Opened
–
  • European UnionCo-financed under the Infrastructure and Environment Operating Programme 2014–2020. The GDDKiA page gives a grant of PLN 1,083.47 million for the whole project Nowe Marzy – Bydgoszcz.
  • Impresa Pizzarotti & C. S.p.A.Builder
  • Budimex SABuilder
Contract value zł566.79M
Świecie Południe – Bydgoszcz Północ

Design-build. The 2015 contract with Impresa Pizzarotti (works from 13 July 2017) was terminated; GDDKiA withdrew from it on 11 June 2019 (pl.wikipedia, after the contractor stopped work in April 2019). The continuation contract went to the Kobylarnia – Mirbud consortium (signed 23 April 2020, works from 30 April 2020; tender announced 27 August 2019). pl.wikipedia: Bydgoszcz Północ – Trzeciewiec was passable from June 2022; the GDDKiA page gives 21 October 2022 for the main carriageway and 22 December 2022 for permanent traffic organisation.

Opened22 km
  1. Oct 12, 2015Tender awarded
  2. Jul 13, 2017Construction start
  3. Oct 21, 2022Opened
–
  • European UnionCo-financed under the Infrastructure and Environment Operating Programme 2014–2020. The GDDKiA page gives a grant of PLN 1,083.47 million for the whole project Nowe Marzy – Bydgoszcz.
  • Impresa Pizzarotti & C. S.p.A.Builder
  • Kobylarnia SABuilder
  • Mirbud SABuilder
Contract value zł583.38M
Bydgoszcz Północ – Bydgoszcz Opławiec

Design-build by Intercor and Trakcja (formerly Aleksandrowo – Tryszczyn). Main carriageway opened on 31 December 2019, permanent traffic organisation on 31 December 2020. pl.wikipedia gives 14.1 km for the section.

Opened15 km
  1. Oct 12, 2015Tender awarded
  2. Jun 1, 2017Construction start
  3. Dec 31, 2019Opened
–
  • European UnionCo-financed under the Infrastructure and Environment Operating Programme 2014–2020. The GDDKiA page gives a grant of PLN 1,083.47 million for the whole project Nowe Marzy – Bydgoszcz.
  • Intercor sp. z o.o.Builder
  • Trakcja SABuilder
Contract value zł369M
Bydgoszcz Opławiec – Bydgoszcz Błonie

Design-build (formerly Tryszczyn – Białe Błota) by Polaqua and Dragados. Main carriageway opened on 31 December 2020, permanent traffic organisation on 30 June 2021. pl.wikipedia splits the section into Opławiec – Bydgoszcz Zachód (6.3 km) and Bydgoszcz Zachód – Bydgoszcz Błonie (7.2 km), both opened on 31 December 2020. The second part shares its route with S10, which is not in this dataset, so it is not marked as shared.

Opened14 km
  1. Oct 12, 2015Tender awarded
  2. Nov 8, 2017Construction start
  3. Dec 31, 2020Opened
–
  • European UnionCo-financed under the Infrastructure and Environment Operating Programme 2014–2020. The GDDKiA page gives a grant of PLN 1,083.47 million for the whole project Nowe Marzy – Bydgoszcz.
  • Polaqua sp. z o.o.Builder
  • Dragados SABuilder
Contract value zł328.48M
Bydgoszcz Błonie – Szubin Północ

Design-build. The 2015 contract with Impresa Pizzarotti (works from 1 September 2017) was terminated; GDDKiA withdrew from it on 11 June 2019 (pl.wikipedia, after the contractor stopped work in April 2019). The continuation contract went to the Kobylarnia – Mirbud consortium (signed 13 March 2020, works from 20 March 2020). Main carriageway opened on 23 December 2021, permanent traffic organisation on 31 August 2022. The recorded 9.7 km runs from Białe Błota to Szubin, both without the junction; the line is drawn between the Bydgoszcz Błonie and Szubin Północ junction nodes and measures 12.74 km, so the two do not agree.

Opened10 km
  1. Oct 12, 2015Tender awarded
  2. Sep 1, 2017Construction start
  3. Dec 23, 2021Opened
–
  • European UnionCo-financed under the Infrastructure and Environment Operating Programme 2014–2020. The GDDKiA page gives a grant of PLN 716.30 million for the whole project Białe Błota – Mielno.
  • Impresa Pizzarotti & C. S.p.A.Builder
  • Kobylarnia SABuilder
  • Mirbud SABuilder
Contract value zł359.43M
Szubin Północ – Żnin Północ

Design-build (formerly Szubin – Jaroszewo) by Trakcja and Intercor. Main carriageway opened on 12 October 2020, permanent traffic organisation on 21 December 2021. pl.wikipedia notes that opening of one carriageway was first planned for the turn of January and February 2020.

Opened19 km
  1. Oct 12, 2015Tender awarded
  2. Apr 26, 2017Construction start
  3. Oct 12, 2020Opened
–
  • European UnionCo-financed under the Infrastructure and Environment Operating Programme 2014–2020. The GDDKiA page gives a grant of PLN 842.71 million for the whole project Bydgoszcz – Mielno, Białe Błota – Mielno.
  • Trakcja SABuilder
  • Intercor sp. z o.o.Builder
Contract value zł351.97M
Żnin Północ – Mieleszyn

Design-build (formerly Jaroszewo – voivodeship border) by the Kobylarnia – Mirbud consortium. The GDDKiA section name ends at the border of Kujawsko-Pomorskie and Wielkopolskie voivodeships, next to the Mieleszyn junction. Main carriageway opened on 23 December 2019, permanent traffic organisation on 9 April 2020.

Opened25 km
  1. Oct 12, 2015Tender awarded
  2. Apr 14, 2017Construction start
  3. Dec 23, 2019Opened
–
  • European UnionCo-financed under the Infrastructure and Environment Operating Programme 2014–2020. The GDDKiA page gives a grant of PLN 716.30 million for the whole project Białe Błota – Mielno.
  • Kobylarnia SABuilder
  • Mirbud SABuilder
Contract value zł421.82M
Mieleszyn – Gniezno Południe

Built to the traditional design-then-build model (works contract with Budimex and Ferrovial Agroman, signed 3 December 2014; the register lists the works start on the same date, so no construction start is recorded). The GDDKiA page names the section Mielno (with junction) – Gniezno (junction Łubowo); the Mieleszyn junction was formerly called Mielno. Tender announced 14 June 2013 (pl.wikipedia). The page gives 4 May 2017 for the main carriageway and 28 April 2017 for permanent traffic organisation.

Opened18 km
  1. Dec 3, 2014Tender awarded
  2. May 4, 2017Opened
–
  • European UnionCo-financed under the Infrastructure and Environment Operating Programme 2014–2020. The GDDKiA page gives a grant of PLN 310.54 million for the whole project Żnin – Gniezno, Mielno – Gniezno (węzeł Łubowo).
  • Budimex SABuilder
  • Ferrovial Agroman SABuilder
Contract value zł476.36M
Gniezno Południe – Czachurki

First part of the eastern bypass of Poznań (Gniezno – Poznań), traditional model. The GDDKiA page records 2009–2012 as the years of works and 4 June 2012 as the opening, which pl.wikipedia gives for the whole 35 km Gniezno Południe – Poznań Wschód (first passable, with temporary kilometrage). Contractor not named in the sources used. The cut is placed where the line passes the Czachurki village (OSM place node, 0.1 km away); the drawn line measures 14.1 km against 14.9 km on the GDDKiA page.

Opened15 km
  1. Jun 4, 2012Opened
–
  • European UnionCo-financed under the Infrastructure and Environment Operating Programme 2014–2020. The GDDKiA page gives a grant of PLN 932.48 million for the whole project Gniezno – Poznań.
–Contract value zł543.67M
Czachurki – Kleszczewo

Second part of the eastern bypass of Poznań, traditional model, works 2009–2013 per the GDDKiA page, which gives 2 June 2012 for the opening of the main carriageway; pl.wikipedia gives 4 June 2012 for the whole Gniezno Południe – Poznań Wschód. Junctions Chorzałki, Iwno, Kostrzyn and Kleszczewo. The line is drawn from the Czachurki village to the A2 Poznań Wschód interchange and measures 21.37 km against 20.2 km on the GDDKiA page. Contractor not named in the sources used.

Opened20 km
  1. Jun 2, 2012Opened
–
  • European UnionCo-financed under the Infrastructure and Environment Operating Programme. The GDDKiA page gives a grant of PLN 932.48 million for the whole project Gniezno – Poznań.
–Contract value zł536.53M
Poznań Zachód (A2, Głuchowo) – Wronczyn

Traditional model; tender announced 30 October 2013, works contract signed 30 July 2015 with Toto Costruzioni Generali and Vianini Lavori (the register gives the same date as works start, so no construction start is recorded). The register also lists a separate continuation contract for the section. pl.wikipedia: one carriageway opened on the whole length on 30 December 2018; the GDDKiA page gives 14 December 2019 for the main carriageway. pl.wikipedia gives 16.0 km and the drawn line, cut at the Mosina junction, measures 15.4 km, against 18.86 km on the GDDKiA page.

Opened19 km
  1. Jul 30, 2015Tender awarded
  2. Dec 14, 2019Opened
–
  • European UnionCo-financed under the Infrastructure and Environment Operating Programme 2014–2020. The GDDKiA page gives a grant of PLN 336.87 million for the whole project Poznań – Wrocław, Poznań (A2, w. Głuchowo) – Wronczyn.
  • Toto S.p.A. Costruzioni GeneraliBuilder
  • Vianini Lavori S.p.A.Builder
Contract value zł529.24M
Wronczyn – Kościan Południe

Design-build by Budimex; tender announced 19 March 2015, contract signed 13 April 2016 (pl.wikipedia), works from 22 December 2017 (register). The GDDKiA page records PLN 384.44 million as the value after amendments. Opened on 14 December 2019.

Opened19 km
  1. Apr 13, 2016Tender awarded
  2. Dec 22, 2017Construction start
  3. Dec 14, 2019Opened
–
  • European UnionCo-financed under the Infrastructure and Environment Operating Programme 2014–2020. The GDDKiA page gives a grant of PLN 277.76 million for the whole project Poznań – Wrocław, odcinek Wronczyn – Kościan Południe.
  • Budimex SABuilder
Contract value zł359.29M
Kościan Południe – Radomicko

Design-build, contract signed 12 April 2016, works from 27 February 2018. The contract register names Duna Polska SA as contractor; pl.wikipedia names Mota-Engil Central Europe at signing. The GDDKiA page records PLN 327.96 million as the value after amendments. Main carriageway opened on 14 December 2019, permanent traffic organisation on 12 June 2020. The line ends at the south end of the Lipno junction, next to Radomicko village, and measures 14.94 km against 15.72 km.

Opened16 km
  1. Apr 12, 2016Tender awarded
  2. Feb 27, 2018Construction start
  3. Dec 14, 2019Opened
–
  • European UnionCo-financed under the Infrastructure and Environment Operating Programme 2014–2020. The GDDKiA page gives a grant of PLN 220.38 million for the whole project Poznań – Wrocław.
  • Duna Polska SABuilder
Contract value zł303.07M
Radomicko – Leszno Południe

Stage I of Radomicko – Kaczkowo, traditional model: tender announced 30 June 2015 (pl.wikipedia), works contract signed 16 May 2016 with Duna Polska and Mota-Engil Engenharia e Construção (the register gives the same date as works start, so no construction start is recorded). The Radomicko end is the south end of the Lipno junction (Radomicko village lies next to it; the GDDKiA name excludes the junction). The drawn line measures 20.29 km against 19.14 km. Opened on 9 November 2018.

Opened19 km
  1. May 16, 2016Tender awarded
  2. Nov 9, 2018Opened
–
  • European UnionCo-financed under the Infrastructure and Environment Operating Programme 2014–2020. The GDDKiA page gives a grant of PLN 2,087.15 million for the whole project Poznań – Wrocław, Radomicko – Kaczkowo.
  • Duna Polska SABuilder
  • Mota-Engil Engenharia e Construção SABuilder
Contract value zł443.25M
Leszno Południe – Kaczkowo

Stage II of Radomicko – Kaczkowo, traditional model; works contract with Budimex signed 5 May 2016 in the register (6 May 2016 in pl.wikipedia; the register gives the same date as works start, so no construction start is recorded). pl.wikipedia gives a cost of PLN 189.1 million gross, below the PLN 232.65 million contract value of the register. Opened on 5 May 2018.

Opened10 km
  1. May 5, 2016Tender awarded
  2. May 5, 2018Opened
–
  • European UnionCo-financed under the Infrastructure and Environment Operating Programme 2014–2020. The GDDKiA page gives a grant of PLN 2,087.15 million for the whole project Poznań – Wrocław, Radomicko – Kaczkowo.
  • Budimex SABuilder
Contract value zł232.65M
Kaczkowo – Korzeńsko

pl.wikipedia: contract signed 30 July 2010, terminated through the contractor's fault on 21 June 2013, and a new contract to finish the works signed on 21 February 2014. The GDDKiA page gives 29.2 km (plus 8.9 km), works 2009–2014, and 15 September 2014 for permanent traffic organisation; the contractors are not named in the sources used and the page's PLN 1,148 million is an investment value of unclear scope, so no cost is recorded. The drawn line, between the Rydzyna and Korzeńsko junctions, measures 26.22 km.

Opened29 km
  1. Jul 30, 2010Tender awarded
  2. Sep 15, 2014Opened
–
  • European UnionEuropean Regional Development Fund under the Infrastructure and Environment programme, 2007–2013 perspective, per the GDDKiA page.
––
Korzeńsko – km 123+700 (Wrocław, task 1)

Task 1 of the three design-build contracts for Korzeńsko – Wrocław (A8, Widawa), km 108+758 to 123+700, 14.942 km. Contract signed 31 July 2014 (the register gives the same date as works start, so no construction start is recorded). Opened on 6 November 2017, about 6 weeks before the deadline (pl.wikipedia). The km 123+700 end is not an OSM node: the boundary is placed by the sourced length of 14.942 km from the Korzeńsko junction. The 4.3 km to the Krościna junction given by pl.wikipedia would put it about 1.6 km further along.

Opened15 km
  1. Jul 31, 2014Tender awarded
  2. Nov 6, 2017Opened
–
  • European UnionCo-financed under the Infrastructure and Environment Operating Programme 2014–2020. The GDDKiA page gives a grant of PLN 883.62 million for the whole project Korzeńsko – Wrocław.
  • Budimex SABuilder
  • Strabag Infrastruktura Południe sp. z o.o.Builder
Contract value zł576.26M
km 123+700 – km 137+500 (Wrocław, task 2)

Task 2 of the three design-build contracts for Korzeńsko – Wrocław, Krościna to Marcinowo, 13.8 km. Contract signed 12 September 2014 (the register gives the same date as works start, so no construction start is recorded). The GDDKiA page gives 6 November 2017 for the part up to the Krościna junction (about 4.3 km) and 22 December 2017 for the rest. The km 123+700 end is placed by the sourced length of the previous task; the Marcinowo end is the point of the line nearest to Marcinowo village (OSM place node, 0.4 km away). The drawn line measures 15.75 km against 13.8 km.

Opened14 km
  1. Sep 12, 2014Tender awarded
  2. Dec 22, 2017Opened
–
  • European UnionCo-financed under the Infrastructure and Environment Operating Programme 2014–2020. The GDDKiA page gives a grant of PLN 883.62 million for the whole project Korzeńsko – Wrocław.
–Contract value zł310.48M
km 137+500 – Wrocław Północ (Wrocław, task 3)

Task 3 of the three design-build contracts for Korzeńsko – Wrocław, Marcinowo to the Widawa interchange with A8 (Wrocław Północ), 19.292 km including the rebuilt Widawa interchange. Contract signed 10 September 2014 (the register gives the same date as works start, so no construction start is recorded); contractor not named in the sources used. The GDDKiA page records PLN 598.06 million as the value after amendments. Opened on 22 December 2017. The Marcinowo end is the point of the line nearest to Marcinowo village (OSM place node); the drawn line measures 18.54 km.

Opened19 km
  1. Sep 10, 2014Tender awarded
  2. Dec 22, 2017Opened
–
  • European UnionCo-financed under the Infrastructure and Environment Operating Programme 2014–2020. The GDDKiA page gives a grant of PLN 883.62 million for the whole project Korzeńsko – Wrocław.
–Contract value zł597.6M

Contractor roles are as recorded in the award. Only builders count toward the delivery rankings.

Funding

  • European Union346 km
    20 sections
    • European Regional Development Fund. The GDDKiA page gives a grant of PLN 284.78 million that also covers the Ostróda bypass on DK16.
    • Co-financed under the Infrastructure and Environment Operating Programme 2014–2020. The GDDKiA page gives a grant of PLN 1,083.47 million for the whole project Nowe Marzy – Bydgoszcz.
    • Co-financed under the Infrastructure and Environment Operating Programme 2014–2020. The GDDKiA page gives a grant of PLN 716.30 million for the whole project Białe Błota – Mielno.
    • Co-financed under the Infrastructure and Environment Operating Programme 2014–2020. The GDDKiA page gives a grant of PLN 842.71 million for the whole project Bydgoszcz – Mielno, Białe Błota – Mielno.
    • Co-financed under the Infrastructure and Environment Operating Programme 2014–2020. The GDDKiA page gives a grant of PLN 310.54 million for the whole project Żnin – Gniezno, Mielno – Gniezno (węzeł Łubowo).
    • Co-financed under the Infrastructure and Environment Operating Programme 2014–2020. The GDDKiA page gives a grant of PLN 932.48 million for the whole project Gniezno – Poznań.
    • Co-financed under the Infrastructure and Environment Operating Programme. The GDDKiA page gives a grant of PLN 932.48 million for the whole project Gniezno – Poznań.
    • Co-financed under the Infrastructure and Environment Operating Programme 2014–2020. The GDDKiA page gives a grant of PLN 336.87 million for the whole project Poznań – Wrocław, Poznań (A2, w. Głuchowo) – Wronczyn.
    • Co-financed under the Infrastructure and Environment Operating Programme 2014–2020. The GDDKiA page gives a grant of PLN 277.76 million for the whole project Poznań – Wrocław, odcinek Wronczyn – Kościan Południe.
    • Co-financed under the Infrastructure and Environment Operating Programme 2014–2020. The GDDKiA page gives a grant of PLN 220.38 million for the whole project Poznań – Wrocław.
    • Co-financed under the Infrastructure and Environment Operating Programme 2014–2020. The GDDKiA page gives a grant of PLN 2,087.15 million for the whole project Poznań – Wrocław, Radomicko – Kaczkowo.
    • European Regional Development Fund under the Infrastructure and Environment programme, 2007–2013 perspective, per the GDDKiA page.
    • Co-financed under the Infrastructure and Environment Operating Programme 2014–2020. The GDDKiA page gives a grant of PLN 883.62 million for the whole project Korzeńsko – Wrocław.

A section that lists two sources counts its full length under each: the data records which sources paid, not what share each one carried.

Related projects

Sources

  1. Wikipedia (pl): Droga ekspresowa S5 (Polska), existing sections and construction historyread Oct 9, 2026
  2. GDDKiA Mapa Stanu Budowy Dróg: S5 Ornowo – Wirwajdyread Oct 9, 2026
  3. GDDKiA Mapa Stanu Budowy Dróg: S5 Nowe Marzy – Świecie Południeread Oct 9, 2026
  4. GDDKiA Mapa Stanu Budowy Dróg: S5 Świecie Południe – Bydgoszcz Północread Oct 9, 2026
  5. GDDKiA Mapa Stanu Budowy Dróg: S5 Bydgoszcz Północ – Bydgoszcz Opławiecread Oct 9, 2026
  6. GDDKiA Mapa Stanu Budowy Dróg: S5 Bydgoszcz Opławiec – Bydgoszcz Błonieread Oct 9, 2026
  7. GDDKiA Mapa Stanu Budowy Dróg: S5 Bydgoszcz Błonie – Szubin Północread Oct 9, 2026
  8. GDDKiA Mapa Stanu Budowy Dróg: S5 Szubin Północ – Żnin Północread Oct 9, 2026
  9. GDDKiA Mapa Stanu Budowy Dróg: S5 Żnin Północ – granica województwaread Oct 9, 2026
  10. GDDKiA Mapa Stanu Budowy Dróg: S5 Mielno (z węzłem) – Gniezno (węzeł Łubowo)read Oct 9, 2026
  11. GDDKiA Mapa Stanu Budowy Dróg: S5 Gniezno – Czachurkiread Oct 9, 2026
  12. GDDKiA Mapa Stanu Budowy Dróg: S5 Czachurki – Kleszczeworead Oct 9, 2026
  13. GDDKiA Mapa Stanu Budowy Dróg: S5 Poznań (A2, w. Głuchowo) – Wronczynread Oct 9, 2026
  14. GDDKiA Mapa Stanu Budowy Dróg: S5 Wronczyn – Kościan Południeread Oct 9, 2026
  15. GDDKiA Mapa Stanu Budowy Dróg: S5 Kościan Południe – Radomickoread Oct 9, 2026
  16. GDDKiA Mapa Stanu Budowy Dróg: S5 Radomicko (bez węzła) – Leszno Południeread Oct 9, 2026
  17. GDDKiA Mapa Stanu Budowy Dróg: S5 Leszno Południe – Kaczkoworead Oct 9, 2026
  18. GDDKiA Mapa Stanu Budowy Dróg: S5 Kaczkowo – Korzeńskoread Oct 9, 2026
  19. GDDKiA Mapa Stanu Budowy Dróg: S5 Korzeńsko – Wrocław (A8, w. Widawa), km 108+758 do km 123+700read Oct 9, 2026
  20. GDDKiA Mapa Stanu Budowy Dróg: S5 Korzeńsko – Wrocław, km 123+700 do km 137+500read Oct 9, 2026
  21. GDDKiA Mapa Stanu Budowy Dróg: S5 Korzeńsko – Wrocław, km 137+500 do km 156+792 wraz z rozbudową węzła Widawaread Oct 9, 2026
  22. GDDKiA: Bieżąca realizacja RPBDK do 2030 r., monthly contract table (PDF, gross values including VAT)read Oct 9, 2026
  23. OpenStreetMap: relation 2214193, Droga ekspresowa S5 (network PL:expressway)read Oct 9, 2026
  24. OpenStreetMap contributors: route geometry (ODbL)read Oct 9, 2026

Figures last checked against their sources in Oct 9, 2026.